- Page 1: MODERN VARIATION AND EVOLUTIONARY C
- Page 7 and 8: VITAJanuary 2, 1978……………
- Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF CONTENTSPageAbstract .….
- Page 11: 7. Summary and Conclusion………
- Page 15 and 16: Figure 5.4: Change in orbital bread
- Page 17 and 18: Although there is a great deal of c
- Page 19 and 20: extent that in modern humans it sit
- Page 21 and 22: in the face and cranium” (Enlow &
- Page 23 and 24: etween the neurocranium and face, u
- Page 25 and 26: Schultz (1940) observes a negative
- Page 27 and 28: sphenoid, and between 5 and 6 in th
- Page 29 and 30: its relative position during forwar
- Page 31 and 32: fact more variation exist between r
- Page 33 and 34: plane is highly related to factors
- Page 35 and 36: cranial and facial height occurs in
- Page 37 and 38: assessed in relation to patterns of
- Page 39 and 40: or throughout hominin evolution cou
- Page 41 and 42: in roughly the same proportions (An
- Page 43 and 44: association with juvenile-onset myo
- Page 45 and 46: Craniofacial Variables Label Landma
- Page 47 and 48: In this investigation the FH is not
- Page 49 and 50: this study most research questions
- Page 51 and 52: Craniofacial Variables Label ErrorC
- Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER 3MODERN HUMAN VARIATION IN
- Page 55 and 56: Sample Sample Size RepositoryAfrica
- Page 57 and 58: change in orbital anatomy and will
- Page 59 and 60: 3.3.1 Interorbital breadth and bior
- Page 61 and 62: 3.3.2 Orbital height and orbital br
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Basion-Superior Orbit, Basion-Infer
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98Vertical Angle of Orbital Margins
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statistical tools. In the next sect
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Correlation obbobhobdobvobfekbdkbbs
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obbobhobdobvobfekbdkbbsobioFunction
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variables in the first discriminant
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distance matrix, which shows the Af
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golxcbzybbbhbplufbnphnlhobbobhobdob
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non-orbital cranial and facial trai
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Function 242012AncestryAfricanAsian
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eadth (ekb), and basion-orbitale (b
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CHAPTER 4EVOLUTIONARY CHANGE IN THE
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This sample represents the most mor
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analysis. This was done to remove a
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190Boxplot of Cranial Size vs Time1
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flexed in association with neurocra
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Variables N Coefficient t p R²1) B
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Ross (1995) also finds a relationsh
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Figure 4.4: Image of Shandingdong (
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CHAPTER 5EVOLUTIONARY CHANGE IN THE
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ecause of a general reduction in cr
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adequate space within the orbits fo
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Western European temporal groups sa
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Upper Paleolithic (Figure 5.4). The
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Regardless of the relative contribu
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of facial projection vs. time indic
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Boxplot of Cranial Index vs Time908
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5.6 Results of regression analyses:
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Although the direction and magnitud
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Additionally, because the eyeball s
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corroborates the findings of other
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Sample Sample Sizes Method DataFema
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approximately 3.5 show little to no
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In females there is a clear differe
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Boxplot of Orbital Vol vs Sex25.022
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Ancestral Group N mean s.d. t pAfri
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5.5Boxplot of Relative Eye Size vs
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away from emmetropia in individuals
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ceases. Additionally, different pat
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of the orbit that the eyeball fills
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CHAPTER 7SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION7.1
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margins in this group. The slightly
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classification of dry skulls and as
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Six orbital variables were used to
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A final prediction relating to how
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Nevertheless, orbital traits that c
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etraction could not be evaluated. H
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A statistically significant negativ
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to engage in non-subsistence activi
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comes at a cost to visual acuity ho
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trajectories between the eye and or
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BIBLIOGRAPHYAiello, L., Dean, C. (1
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Bruner, E., Saracino, B., Passarell
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Goldschmidt, E., Lam, C., Opper, S.
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Lam, C., Edwards, M., Millodot, M.,
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Quant, J., Woo, G. (1992) Normal va
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Weiss, K. (2002) How the Eye Got it