Liberalisation of electricity market: the case of Slovenia

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the same direction with the increases in gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (Figure3). This implies that the increases in GDP per capita, which is one of the main aggregatesfor measuring the level of economic development, are positively associated with thegreater use of electrical energy for intermediary consumption and greater demands forelectrical energy for final consumption by households.MWh, GDP per capita (€)16.00014.00012.00010.0008.0006.0004.0002.00001990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005Purchases by distribution enterprises GDP per capita (€)Figure 3: Purchases of electrical energy by the retail electro distribution enterprises andgross domestic product per capitaSource: Own calculations.Stock exchange “Borzen” of electrical energyThe purchases of electrical energy at the stock exchange “Borzen” of electrical energyare introduced as a measure to increase market competition and to improve efficiency inthe marketing and functioning of the wholesale electricity supply as well as to serve as amarket outlet for entering foreign competitors on the Slovenian electricity markets, andfor broader regional integration of electricity markets in South-Eastern Europe.Up to 2001, before the electricity market deregulation in Slovenia was introduced, theretail electricity distribution enterprises in Slovenia were purchasing electrical energy onthe basis of the evaluated electro energy balances and programs of the electro energy8
system by the Electro Slovenia enterprise (Eles). Since 2001 there has been an aimtowards strengthened liberalisation in an emerging market of electrical energy, but with aprevailing role of the HES. That has been the main reason for the less promising role ofthe stock exchange “Borzen” of electrical energy on the Slovenian electricity markets.Since 2004, four retail electricity distribution enterprises (Electro Celje, ElectroGorenjska, Electro Ljubljana and Electro Primorska) have purchased electrical energyfrom the HES in order to then further supply electrical energy to electricity consumers(industry, public lighting and final consumption by households).Figure 4: The role of the stock exchange “Borzen” of electrical energy in the purchases ofelectrical energy by the retail electricity distribution enterprises in Slovenia (in % of totalpurchases of electrical energy)12,0010,008,00%6,004,002,000,002001 2002 2003 2004 2005Electro CeljeElectro LjubljanaElectro PrimorskaElectro GorenjskaElectro MariborTotal retailing enterprises in SloveniaSource: Own calculations.In 2001, at the weekly meetings of the stock exchange “Borzen” of electrical energy theystarted with the sale of electrical energy to the retail electricity distribution enterprises inSlovenia (Figure 4). An increase in electricity transactions is seen by 2003. In 2005, therewas a considerable decline in purchases on the stock exchange of electrical energy“Borzen” by the retail electricity distribution enterprises. Since then, the importance ofthe stock exchange of electrical “Borzen” in the purchases of electrical energy by theretail electricity distribution enterprises, as well as in general, has been given rather lowimportance.9
Page 1: Liberalisation of the electricity m
Page 4 and 5: identified clearly that the HES has
Page 6 and 7: Table 1: Purchases of electrical en
Page 10 and 11: MethodologyAs the methods of analys
Page 12 and 13: perfect equality to the total area
Page 14 and 15: ?k% - number of suppliers1009080706
Page 16 and 17: Table 3: Estimated demand functions
Page 18 and 19: The correlation analysis of variabl
Page 20 and 21: The deregulation and liberalization
Page 22: Stern, N. (2007), The Economics of

Liberalisation of electricity market: the case of Slovenia

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