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Union certification: Developing a level playing field for labour relations in QuebecQuebec’s disappointing job creationperformance is not unrelated to its lowdemographic growth. Again, job creation andeconomic growth are interdependent. Lower jobgrowth implies lower population growth to theextent that people are sufficiently mobile to reactquickly to differences in the availability andquality of jobs offered elsewhere.Figure 5.4Average employment rate:Quebec, rest of Canada,United States (1981-2007)%64Employment and unemployment ratesEmployment rates, as measured by thepercentage of the population aged 15 and overand holding a job, is a credible and revealingindicator of a society’s economic health. Duringthe period from 1981 to 2006, this employmentrate averaged 56.7% in Quebec, 61.4% in the restof Canada and 62.0% in the United States.6260585654521981-2007 2000-2007PeriodsQuebec Rest of Canada United StatesSource: Statistics Canada, CANSIM Table 282-0055; U.S.Department of Labor, Census Bureau.Figure 5.5Job creation: Quebec, rest of Canada,United States (1976-2007)8070Quebec Rest of Canada United States6050Growth (%)4030201001976-2007 1981-1990 1990-2007 1999-2007 1981-2007PeriodsSource: Statistics Canada, CANSIM Table 282-0004; U.S. Department of Labor, Census Bureau.30 Montreal Economic Institute
Union certification: Developing a level playing field for labour relations in QuebecThese results suggest that Quebec’s unemploymentrate (7.2% in 2007) comparesunfavourably with the rates in the rest of Canada(6.0%) and the United States (4.6%): the “real”disparities between unemployment rates (or, moreprecisely, non-employment rates) are actuallygreater. Weak job creation can lead some individualsto stop looking for work, to go intoretirement or simply to leave the workforce, inwhich case they are no longer unemployed eventhough they are not working. This phenomenonresults in Quebec’s true unemployment rate in2007 compared to the rest of Canada probablybeing closer to 11% than to the official rate of 7.2%.Employment insurance recipient rateAs regards the number of employmentinsurance recipients, Quebec’s less than enviablesituation within Canada has not changed for thebetter in the last quarter-century. Year in and yearout, about one-third of Canada’s employmentinsurance recipients come from Quebec,resulting in a substantially higher rate ofrecipients than in the rest of Canada: 28.5recipients per 1,000 inhabitants (age 20 to 64) inQuebec and 17.0 in the rest of Canada in 2007.Private investment spendingData on private investment spending enableus to observe various significant elements inQuebec’s relative economic performance comparedto the rest of Canada. The share of privateinvestment spending in real GDP was lower inQuebec than in the rest of Canada for the entire1981-2007 period. Although public investment asa percentage of GDP has been higher in Quebecthan in the rest of Canada since 1992, totalinvestment spending in real GDP remained lowerin Quebec for the entire 1981-2007 period.Figure 5.6Employment insurance recipient rate:Quebec, rest of Canada (1981-2007)Number of recipients per 1,000 inhabitants (age 20 to 64)80Rest of Canada Quebec7060504030201001981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007Source: Statistics Canada, CANSIM Table 276-0002.Montreal Economic Institute31
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Union certification: Developing a level playing field ... - LabourWatch

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