From http//en.Wikipedia.org: List of orders of magnitude for length ...
From http//en.Wikipedia.org: List of orders of magnitude for length ...
From http//en.Wikipedia.org: List of orders of magnitude for length ...
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<strong>From</strong> <strong>http</strong>//<strong>en</strong>.<strong>Wikipedia</strong>.<strong>org</strong>: <strong>List</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>orders</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>magnitude</strong> <strong>for</strong> l<strong>en</strong>gth; similarly <strong>for</strong><strong>en</strong>ergy (‘gigaJoules’ are billions <strong>of</strong> Joules) or anything else.Factor Multiple Value Item10 -35 1.6 ×10 -35 mPlanck l<strong>en</strong>gth; l<strong>en</strong>gths smaller than thisdo not make any physical s<strong>en</strong>se,according to curr<strong>en</strong>t theories <strong>of</strong> physics. . .10 -24 1 yoctometre(ym)10 -21 1 zeptometre(zm)size <strong>of</strong> a quark, electron radius10 -18 1 attometre (am) s<strong>en</strong>sitivity <strong>of</strong> the LIGO detector f<strong>org</strong>ravitational waves10 -15 1 femtometre(fm)size <strong>of</strong> a protonclassical electronscale <strong>of</strong> the atomic nucleus10 -14 10 fmrange <strong>of</strong> the weak nuclear <strong>for</strong>ce10 -13 100 fm Compton wavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> electrondistance betwe<strong>en</strong> atomic nuclei in a10 -12 1 picometre(pm)white dwarfwavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> gamma rays5 pm wavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> shortest X-rays25 pm radius <strong>of</strong> hydrog<strong>en</strong> atom10 -11 10 pm 31 pm radius <strong>of</strong> helium atom53 pm Bohr radiuswavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> X rays100 pm 1 Ångström100 pm (0.1 nm) coval<strong>en</strong>t radius <strong>of</strong> sulfur atom126 pm (0.126 nm) coval<strong>en</strong>t radius <strong>of</strong> ruth<strong>en</strong>ium atom135 pm (0.135 nm) coval<strong>en</strong>t radius <strong>of</strong> technetium atom153 pm (0.153 nm) coval<strong>en</strong>t radius <strong>of</strong> silver atom10 -10 100 pml<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> a typical coval<strong>en</strong>t bond (C-154 pm (0.154 nm)C).155 pm (0.155 nm) coval<strong>en</strong>t radius <strong>of</strong> zirconium atom175 pm (0.175 nm) coval<strong>en</strong>t radius <strong>of</strong> thulium atom225 pm (0.225 nm) coval<strong>en</strong>t radius <strong>of</strong> caesium atom500 pm (0.50 nm) width <strong>of</strong> protein α helix10 -9 1 nanometre 1 nm diameter <strong>of</strong> Carbon nanotube
10 0 1 metre10 1 1 decametre(dam)10 030.48 cm 1 foot50-65 cm a pizote's tail66 cml<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the longest pine cones(produced by the sugar pine)89 cm average adult height <strong>of</strong> a Hobbit90 cmaverage l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> a rapier, a f<strong>en</strong>cingsword91 cm 1 yardhighest VHF radio frequ<strong>en</strong>cy, 300wavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the lowest UHF andMHz1.435m Standard gauge <strong>of</strong> railway track1.7 m (5 feet 7 inches) average height <strong>of</strong> a human being2.45 mhighest jump by a human being (JavierSotomayor)2.72 mtallest known human being (RobertWadlow)2.77 - 3.44 mwavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the broadcast radio FMband 108 - 87 MHz3.048 m (10 feet) height <strong>of</strong> the basket in basketball5.5 m height <strong>of</strong> tallest animal, the giraffe8.95 mlongest jump by a human being (MikePowell)wavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the lowest VHF and10 mhighest shortwave radio frequ<strong>en</strong>cy, 30MHz18.44 m (60 feet 6 distance betwe<strong>en</strong> the pitcher's rubberinches)and home plate on a baseball field20 m l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> a cricket pitch21 mheight <strong>of</strong> High Force waterfall inEngland.23 mheight <strong>of</strong> the obelisk <strong>of</strong> the Place de laConcorde, Paris.25 mwavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the broadcast radioshortwave band at 12 MHz27.43 m (90 feet)distance betwe<strong>en</strong> bases on a baseballfield30 ml<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> a blue whale, the largestanimal31 mwavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the broadcast radioshortwave band at 9.7 MHz
10 2 1 hectometre(hm)40 maverage depth b<strong>en</strong>eath the seabed <strong>of</strong> theChannel tunnel49 mwidth <strong>of</strong> an American football field (531/3 yards)49 mwavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the broadcast radioshortwave band at 6.1 MHz52 m height <strong>of</strong> Niagara Falls55 m height <strong>of</strong> the Leaning Tower <strong>of</strong> Pisa62 m Height <strong>of</strong> Pyramid <strong>of</strong> Djoser70 m width <strong>of</strong> a typical soccer field70 m l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the Bayeux Tapestryl<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> an American football field91.44 m(100 yards, measured betwe<strong>en</strong> the goallines)wavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the lowest shortwave100 mradio frequ<strong>en</strong>cy and highest mediumwave radio frequ<strong>en</strong>cy, 3 MHz105 m l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> a typical soccer fieldtotal l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> an American football109.73 mfield (120 yards, including the <strong>en</strong>dzones)112.34 mheight <strong>of</strong> the world's tallest tree, aCoast redwood137 m height <strong>of</strong> the Great Pyramid <strong>of</strong> Giza147 moriginal height <strong>of</strong> the Great Pyramid <strong>of</strong>Giza168 mheight <strong>of</strong> the Bungsberg, highest pointin Schleswig-Holstein, Germany187 mshortest wavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the broadcastradio AM band, 1600 kHz193 mthe approximate l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> New JerseyState Highway 59244 mheight <strong>of</strong> the City Gate building inRamat-Gan, Israel300 m height <strong>of</strong> the Eiffel Tower340 mdistance sound travels in air in onesecond; see speed <strong>of</strong> sound400-500 mapproximate heights <strong>of</strong> the world'stallest skyscrapers <strong>of</strong> the past 70 years.458 ml<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the Knock Nevis, the world'slargest supertanker
10 3 1 kilometre(km)10 4 10 km10 5 100 km541 m (1,776 ft)height <strong>of</strong> the planned Freedom Towerat the World Trade C<strong>en</strong>ter site553.33 mheight <strong>of</strong> the CN Tower, the world'stallest free-standing land structure555 mlongest wavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the broadcastradio AM band, 540 kHzheight <strong>of</strong> the Warsaw radio mast,647 m<strong>for</strong>merly the tallest man-madestructure, collapsed in 1991height <strong>of</strong> the Salto Angel, the world's979 mhighest free-falling waterfall(V<strong>en</strong>ezuela)1 kmwavel<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the lowest medium waveradio frequ<strong>en</strong>cy, 300 kHz1609 m 1 international mile1852 m 1 nautical mile8848 mheight <strong>of</strong> the highest mountain onearth, Mount Everest10.911 kmdepth <strong>of</strong> deepest part <strong>of</strong> the ocean,Mariana Tr<strong>en</strong>chheight <strong>of</strong> the highest known mountain25 km<strong>of</strong> the solar system, Olympus Mons onMars31.1 kmhighest parachute jump (JosephKittinger)33 kmnarrowest width <strong>of</strong> the English Channelat the Strait <strong>of</strong> Doverhighest manned balloon flight34.668 km(Malcolm D. Ross and Victor E.Prather)l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the Marathon, the longest42.195 kmmainstream long-distance road runningev<strong>en</strong>t53.9 kml<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the Seikan Tunnel, at pres<strong>en</strong>t(feb 2006) the longest in the world111 km one degree <strong>of</strong> latitude on Earthdistance <strong>of</strong> Bordeaux-Paris, <strong>for</strong>merly560 kmthe longest one-day pr<strong>of</strong>essionalcycling race804.672 km (~500 distance <strong>of</strong> the Indy 500 automobilemiles)race975 km greatest diameter <strong>of</strong> the largest solar
1,000 km = 110 6 megametre(Mm)10 7 10,000 km10 8 100,000 kmsystem asteroid, 1 Ceres3,480 km diameter <strong>of</strong> the Moontypical distance covered by the winner5,200 km<strong>of</strong> the 24 hours <strong>of</strong> Le Mans automobile<strong>en</strong>durance race6,400 km l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the Great Wall <strong>of</strong> China6,600 kmapproximate l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the two longestrivers, the Nile and the Amazon7,821 km l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the Trans-Canada Highway12,756 km equatorial diameter <strong>of</strong> the Earth40,075 km l<strong>en</strong>gth <strong>of</strong> the Earth's equator142,984 km diameter <strong>of</strong> Jupiter384,000 km = 384 Mm Moon's orbital distance from Earth1,390,000 km = 1.39diameter <strong>of</strong> the SunGm10 9 1 million km = 1gigametre (Gm) greatest mileage ever recorded by a car3,600,000 km = 3.6 Gm(A 1966 Volvo P-1800S, still driving)10 10 10 million km10 11 100 million km150 million km = 150Gm1 astronomical unit (AU); meandistance betwe<strong>en</strong> Earth and Sun.1000 million km 1.4 ×10 9 km orbital distance <strong>of</strong> Saturn from Sun10 12 = 1 terametre(Tm)5.9 ×10 9 km = 5.9 Tm orbital distance <strong>of</strong> Pluto from Sun10 13 10 Tm10 14 100 Tm10 15 1 petametre(Pm)10 16 10 Pm14.56 ×10 9 km = 14.56Tm9.46 ×10 12 km = 9.46Pm = 1 light year3.2616 light years(3.08568 ×10 16 m =30.8568 Pm)4.22 light years = 39.9Pmdistance <strong>of</strong> the Voyager 1 spacecraftfrom sun (November 2005), the farthestman-made object so fardistance travelled by light in one year;at its curr<strong>en</strong>t speed, Voyager 1 wouldneed 17,500 years to travel thisdistance1 parsecdistance to nearest star (ProximaC<strong>en</strong>tauri)10 17 100 Pm10 18 1 exametre (Em)10 19 10 Em10 20 100 Em 10,000 light years10 21 1 zettametre100,000 light years diameter <strong>of</strong> galactic disk <strong>of</strong> Milky Way
(Zm)10 22 10 Zm10 23 100 Zm10 24 1 yottametre(Ym)10 25 10 Ym52 kiloparsecs (1.6×10 21 m = 1.6 Zm)54 kiloparsecs (1.66×10 21 m = 1.66 Zm)10 26 100 Ym 13.7 ×10 9 light years =1.3 ×10 26 m = 130 YmGalaxydistance to the Large Magellanic Cloud(a dwarf galaxy orbiting the MilkyWay)distance to the Small Magellanic Cloud(another dwarf galaxy orbiting theMilky Way)22.3 Zm (2.36 millionlight years = 725 distance to Andromeda Galaxykiloparsecs = 22.3 Zm)50 Zm (1.6 Mpc) diameter <strong>of</strong> Local Group <strong>of</strong> galaxies300-600 Zm (10-20distance to Virgo cluster <strong>of</strong> galaxiesmegaparsecs)200 million light years(2 Ym, 60diameter <strong>of</strong> the Local Superclustermegaparsecs)500 million light years(5 Ym, 150megaparsecs)10 ×10 9 light years estimated distance to certain quasarsdistance the cosmic backgroundradiation has travelled since the BigBang
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