An Introduction to the Creative Industries Sector - The Skills ...

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2.0 Part 22.1 Detailed sector analysisThe creative industries sector is complex as it comprises interlinked industries thatalthough sharing several common interests, needs and difficulties, across thespectrum of new technological developments, also differ widely in the respectivemarket requirements for their products and services.This complexity has resulted in the adoption of a range of methods used to define andaccommodate the diverse requirements each activity demands.In order to achieve some sort of consistency across the sector a considerable amountof effort has been applied in drawing together what is known about the sector, wherethe gaps are and addressing them.To this end as referred to in section 1.5 Setting the Scene, a series of 16 SkillsDialogues were undertaken at sectoral level by the Department for Education andSkills, NTOs and SSCs. They constituted an initial series of consultations with majorindustries, a wide-ranging analysis of existing material on skills supply and demandand those factors influencing skill trends and discussion of the results at a nationalseminar. The final dialogues therefore incorporate all these stages and culminate in anauthoritative skills assessment for each of the broad sector groupings at national leveland, to a limited extent, at regional level.Data for the Dialogues originated from a number of sources including the results of theSkill Foresight reports produced by NTOs and the national datasets including theAnnual Business Inquiry and the Labour Force Survey.In the creative industries sector both sources of data have limitations that relate to thelimited usefulness of SIC codes and the fact that the design industry for example couldnot be matched to SIC codes and was therefore unable to provide sectoral data in aForesight report. In this instance the consequent unevenness of the data wascompensated for by primary research.The sub sectors that make up the Creative industries sector are described in Appendix16 and are covered by two Skill Dialogue reports, firstly Media and creative industriesdealing with:• audio-visual industry (including broadcast, film, video and interactive media,represented by Skillset);• design (represented by the Small Firm Enterprise Development Initiative);• photo-imaging (represented by the Photo-imaging NTO);• publishing, which covers books, journals, newspapers, magazines andelectronic information services (represented by the Publishing NTO).and secondly Tourism and Cultural industries that include:• arts and entertainment (including performing arts, visual arts and craft, literaryarts, arts management and administration, arts development and teaching,technical production and support (represented by Metier)15
These sub sectors correspond to most of the DCMS defined activities but arearranged in a slightly different way in the Skill Dialogue reports. The Advertising andArchitecture sub sectors are not included and Photo-imaging includes three additionalSIC codes. The comparison is shown in Appendix 17.The following sections relate to the findings of these two Skills Dialogues.2.2 EmploymentOverall employment has grown and is projected to continue growing in the creativeindustries sector. There are relatively high levels of “non-traditional” employmentpatterns and flexible forms of employment contract.In the Publishing sub sector 80% of employers use freelance* workers and 50% ofemployers use them in the Audio-visual sub sector. Photo-imaging involves a similarnumber of self-employed people and in the Arts and entertainment sub sector some55% of the workforce were quoted as freelance, volunteer and short term contractstaff.Some 87% of designers work full time. In the Photo-imaging sub sector 46% ofbusinesses employ part time staff and in the Publishing sub sector 20% of theworkforce is part time. Part time working is almost non-existent in the Audio-visual subsector.The Publishing, Audio-visual and Design sub sectors have a predominantly youngworkforce that is well represented by women whereas Photo-imaging has a range ofages. There is significant male domination in certain parts of the Arts andentertainment sector such as Music, Photography and Technical sub sectors.According to Table 7 the sum of the individual sectors accounts for 1,260,000 peopleemployed. This figure could be larger however, as a result of overlap between thesectors.Table 7Sub sectorEmployment in the Creative Industries sector in the UKEmploymentAudio-visual 200,000Design 129,000Photo-imaging 151,000Publishing 280,000Total 760,000Source: Skills Dialogues No 11Sub sectorWorkforceArts and Entertainment 500,000Source: Arts and Entertainment Sector Workforce Dev Plan 2001, Skills Dialogues No 15*Freelance is difficult to define as it appears to be treated in different ways. Publishing & audio use the term torelate to self-employed individuals who work with a variety of companies, while in photo-imaging this term is notused for a similar way of working.16
Page 1 and 2: An Introduction to the Creative Ind
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