Direct download - Western Psychology Association

Recommendations

Info

DECONSTRUCTING A DSM DIAGNOSISRichter-Appelt, H., & Sandberg, D. E. (2010).Should disorders of sex development be anexclusion criterion for gender identitydisorder in DSM 5? International Journalof Transgenderism, 12(2), 94-99. doi:10.1080/15532739.2010.515181Smith, Y. L. S., Van Goozen, Stephanie H. M.,Kuiper, A. J., & Cohen-Kettenis, P.(2005). Sex reassignment: Outcomes andpredictors of treatment for adolescent andadult transsexuals. PsychologicalMedicine, 35(1), 89-99. doi:10.1017/S0033291704002776Stone, A. R. (as Sandy Stone) (1991). The empirestrikes back: A posttranssexual manifesto.In: Body Guards: The Cultural Politics ofGender Ambiguity, eds. J. Epstein & K.Straub. New York: Routeledge, p. 280-304.STP (Stop Trans Pathologisation). (2012).Reflections on the SOC-7. Retrieved fromhttp://www.stp2012.info/STP2012_Reflections_SOC7.pdfVance, S. R., Cohen-Kettenis, P., Drescher, J.,Meyer-Bahlburg, H., Pfäfflin, F., &Zucker, K. J. (2010). Opinions about theDSM gender identity disorder diagnosis:Results from an international surveyadministered to organizations concernedwith the welfare of transgender people.International Journal of Transgenderism,12(1), 1-14.doi:10.1080/15532731003749087Winters, K. (2005). Gender dissonance:Diagnostic reform of gender identitydisorder for adults. Journal of Psychology& Human Sexuality, 17(3-4), 71-89. doi:10.1300/J056v17n03_04WPATH Board of Directors. (2010). Depsychopathologisationstatement releasedMay 26, 2010. Retrieved fromhttp://www.wpath.org/announcements_detail.cfm?pk_announcement=17WPATH. (2012). Standards of Care for the Healthof Transsexual, Transgender, and GenderNonconforming People. (7th ed.).Retrieved fromhttp://www.wpath.org/documents/SOC%20V7%2003-17-12.pdfZucker, K. J., & Spitzer, R. L. (2005). Was thegender identity disorder of childhooddiagnosis introduced into DSM-III as abackdoor maneuver to replacehomosexuality? A historical note. Journalof Sex & Marital Therapy, 31(1), 31-42.doi: 10.1080/00926230590475251Zucker, K. J. (2006). Commentary on Langer andMartin's (2004) "how dresses can makeyou mentally ill: Examining genderidentity disorder in children". Child &Adolescent Social Work Journal, 23(5-6),533-555. doi: 10.1007/s10560-006-0074-5Zucker, K. J. (2009). Report of the DSM-5Sexual and Gender Identity DisordersWork Group. Retrieved fromhttp://www.dsm5.org/progressreports/pages/0904reportofthedsmvsexualandgenderidentitydisordersworkgroup.aspxZucker, K. J. (2010). The DSM diagnostic criteriafor gender identity disorder in children.Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39(2), 477-498. doi: 10.1007/s10508-009-9540-4Zucker, K. J., & Lawrence, A. A. (2009).Epidemiology of gender identity disorder:Recommendations for the standards ofcare of the world professional associationfor transgender health. InternationalJournal of Transgenderism, 11(1), 8-18.doi: 10.1080/15532730902799946
© 2013 WUPJ, September 2013, Volume 1 ClinicalThe Relationship Between Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, AntisocialPersonality Disorder and Psychopathy: A Proposed TrajectoryTaylor Salisbury*This review paper critically examines the literature on oppositional defiant disorder(ODD), conduct disorder (CD), antisocial personality disorder (APD) and psychopathy.Through examining diagnostic criteria laid out in the DSM-IV along with statistics relatedto diagnosis and prognosis, the idea that ODD, CD, and APD may fall on a developmentaltrajectory as opposed to being distinct, categorical entities is proposed. Additionally, thenotion that these three disorders may represent narrow, behavioural indicators of a generalpsychopathic personality is suggested using comparisons to Hare’s Psychopathy ChecklistRevised (PCL-R). Several implications related to child development, family instabilityand violence, as well as labeling and stigma are discussed and the importance of familyintervention and involvement is highlighted. Finally, a number of implications related tothe criminal justice system, including the prediction of conviction and recidivism rates,are explored.The construct of psychopathy has had along history within the literature of clinical andforensic psychopathology, constantly evolvingthrough revisions of the Diagnostic andStatistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)used extensively by psychologists. It wasidentified by clinical psychologists as one of thefirst acknowledged personality disorders, called‘Psychopathic Personalities’ and was publishedin the first edition of the DSM as ‘SociopathicPersonality Disorders’ (Ogloff, 2006). TheDSM-II changed this label to ‘PersonalityDisorder, Antisocial Type’ in 1968 (Ogloff,2006), which has ultimately progressed to thecurrent title ‘Antisocial Personality Disorder(APD)’ in the most recent version, the DSM-IV-TR (American Psychological Association,2000). Historically, the terms asocial, sociopath,psychopath, and APD have been usedinterchangeably; however, recent improvementsin nosology have helped to clarify thedistinction between them. The largely casestudy/clinical description-based format of theDSM-II evoked criticisms of poor inter-raterreliability which led to the development of thespecific-criteria approach used in currentversions of the DSM today (Ogloff, 2006).Now, criteria in the DSM are based on overtbehavioural traits that can be observed andmeasured instead of relying on the oftenambiguous interpersonal and affectivepersonality characteristics used to inferdiagnoses in the past (Coid & Ullrich, 2010).This improvement helped distinguish betweenAPD and general psychopathy, with the formerconstruct focusing on the overt antisocialbehaviours of such individuals and the lattercharacterizing a more overarching personalitystyle involving interpersonal, affective, andbehavioural dimensions (Ogloff). Drawing thisdistinction between behavioural and personalityfactors undoubtedly helped resolve some of theinter-rater reliability criticisms from the past.However, in doing so, it has generated thenotion that overt behaviours can actually beseparated from personality factors, and thatmental disorders and personality disorders arereal and distinct categorical entities withindependent characteristics. That being said, alarge body of literature supports the idea thatAPD, and several other disorders diagnosed inchildhood and adolescence, are actually on acontinuum with psychopathy and may bespecific points along a developmental trajectoryrather than distinct diagnostic categories (Burke,Waldman, & Lahey, 2010; Coid & Ullrich). Adiagnosis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder(ODD) and/or Conduct Disorder (CD) inchildhood or adolescence often precedes the*Initially submitted for Psychology 3310F at the University of Western Ontario. For inquiries regarding thearticle, please email the author at tsalisb4@uwo.ca.
Page 1 and 2: WESTERN UNDERGRADUATEψPSYCHOLOGY J
Page 3 and 4: http://westernpsychclub.com/ Septem
Page 9 and 10: DECONSTRUCTING A DSM DIAGNOSISpersp
Page 11 and 12: DECONSTRUCTING A DSM DIAGNOSISCrite
Page 13 and 14: DECONSTRUCTING A DSM DIAGNOSISnoted
Page 15: DECONSTRUCTING A DSM DIAGNOSISGaraf
Page 19 and 20: ODD.CD.APDthat early patterns of in
Page 21 and 22: ODD.CD.APDachieving higher interper
Page 23 and 24: ODD.CD.APDReferencesAmerican Psychi
Page 25 and 26: © 2013 WUPJ, September 2013, Volum
Page 27 and 28: SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS ON THE MENTAL
Page 35 and 36: SOCIAL ANXIETYthe high prevalence r
Page 37 and 38: SOCIAL ANXIETYwill benefit from tre
Page 39 and 40: SOCIAL ANXIETYReferencesAcarturk, C
Page 41 and 42: SOCIAL ANXIETYStatistics Canada. (2
Page 43 and 44: FACTORS PREVENTING NONTRADITIONAL R
Page 51 and 52: HOW MUCH DO WE REALLY REMEMBERdurin
Page 53 and 54: HOW MUCH DO WE REALLY REMEMBERbetwe
Page 55 and 56: HOW MUCH DO WE REALLY REMEMBERHaman
Page 57 and 58: INTERLINGUAL HOMOPHONE EFFECTSirrel
Page 59 and 60: INTERLINGUAL HOMOPHONE EFFECTSortho
Page 61 and 62: INTERLINGUAL HOMOPHONE EFFECTSwhere
Page 63 and 64: INTERLINGUAL HOMOPHONE EFFECTSor le
Page 65 and 66: INTERLINGUAL HOMOPHONE EFFECTSRefer
Page 67 and 68:
INTERLINGUAL HOMOPHONE EFFECTSAppen
Page 69 and 70:
INTERLINGUAL HOMOPHONE EFFECTSAppen
Page 71 and 72:
© 2013 WUPJ, September 2013, Volum
Page 73 and 74:
GRASPING AND MANUAL ESTIMATION OF T
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
A DOWNSIDE TO ENGAGEMENTthe negativ
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
THE A1 ALLELE IN ASSOCIATION WITH A
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
EVIDENCE FOR EFFORT JUSTIFICATIONpr
Page 97 and 98:
EVIDENCE FOR EFFORT JUSTIFICATIONdi
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
MATE POACHINGconnection with the id
Page 103 and 104:
MATE POACHINGindividual who receive
Page 105 and 106:
MATE POACHINGpoaching experience to
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
PRESSURE, SELF-MONITORING AND CONFO
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
RELIGIOSITY AND ORGAN DONATION VIEW
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
UNDERSTANDING OTHERS BY EMBODIMENTS
Page 127 and 128:
UNDERSTANDING OTHERS BY EMBODIMENTi
Page 129 and 130:
UNDERSTANDING OTHERS BY EMBODIMENTc
Page 131 and 132:
UNDERSTANDING OTHERS BY EMBODIMENTF
Page 133:
Zajonc, R. B. (1980). Feeling and t
show all

Direct download - Western Psychology Association

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?