Nuclide Imaging: Planar Scintigraphy, SPECT, PET - Polytechnic ...

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Measurement of Radioactivity(orig.: activity of 1 g of 226Ra)Bq=BequerelCi=Curie:Naturally occurring radioisotopes discovered 1896 by BecquerelFirst artificial radioisotopes produced by the Curies 1934 (32P)The intensity of radiation incident on a detector at range r from a radioactivesource isIAE=4πrA: radioactivity of the material; E: energy of each photon2EL5823 Nuclear Imaging Yao Wang, Polytechnic U., Brooklyn 8
Radioactive Decay Law• N(t): the number of radioactive atoms at a given time• A(t): is proportional to N(t)• From above, we can derive• The number of photons generated (=number of disintegrations)during time T is•∆N=T∫0A(t)dt=dNA = − = λNdtλ :decay constantT∫0N(t)=A(t)=λN0eNA e0−λt0edt−λt−λt== λNN00e−λt(1 −e−λT)EL5823 Nuclear Imaging Yao Wang, Polytechnic U., Brooklyn 9
Page 1 and 2: Nuclide Imaging: PlanarScintigraphy
Page 3 and 4: What is Nuclear Medicine• Also kn
Page 5 and 6: What is Radioactivity?EL5823 Nuclea
Page 7: Gamma Decay (Isometric Transition)
Page 11 and 12: Overview of Imaging Modalities• P
Page 13 and 14: Anger Scintillation CameraCompare t
Page 15 and 16: • Scintillation crystal:Scintilla
Page 17 and 18: Inside a Photomultiplier Tube10^6-1
Page 19 and 20: Pulse Height CalculationEL5823 Nucl
Page 21 and 22: Acquisition ModesEL5823 Nuclear Ima
Page 23 and 24: Single Frame ModeThe value in each
Page 25 and 26: Multiple Gated AcquisitionEL5823 Nu
Page 27 and 28: Imaging EquationEL5823 Nuclear Imag
Page 29 and 30: Examples• Example 1: Imaging of a
Page 31 and 32: SPECT Instrumentation• Similar to
Page 33 and 34: Imaging Equation: θ=0(z,l)RReplace
Page 35 and 36: General Case: Imaging EquationEL582
Page 37 and 38: Correction for Attenuation Factor
Page 39 and 40: SPECT applications• Brain:- Perfu
Page 41 and 42: Annihilation Coincidence Detection
Page 43 and 44: Coincidence TimingEL5823 Nuclear Im
Page 45 and 46: Multiple Ring DetectorEL5823 Nuclea
Page 47 and 48: A Typical PET ScannerEL5823 Nuclear
Page 49 and 50: Imaging EquationNNN+−c( s )( s )(
Page 51 and 52: Reconstruction from Corrected Sinog
Page 53 and 54: PET resolution compared to MRIPET
Page 55 and 56: PET applications• Brain:- Tumor d
Page 57 and 58: Image Quality Consideration• We w
Page 59 and 60:
Collimator ResolutionRc(z)2* Rc(z)
Page 61 and 62:
Intrinsic ResolutionE) dz’ }EL582
Page 63 and 64:
Detector EfficiencyEL5823 Nuclear I
Page 65 and 66:
Summary• Three major imaging moda
Page 67:
Homework• Reading:- Prince and Li
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Nuclide Imaging: Planar Scintigraphy, SPECT, PET - Polytechnic ...

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