CoMMerCiAl VArieties of VegetABles - Department of Agriculture ...

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CHECKLIST OF COMMERCIAL VARIETIES OF VEGETABLES9. Cabbage: It thrives best in a relatively cool moist climate. It can withstand extreme coldand frost relatively better than cauliflower. The growth in most of the cabbage varieties isarrested when temperature rises above 25°C. With the introduction of heat tolerant hybridsand development of tropical lines/hybrids, the temperature barrier has been removed. Itcan be grown on all types of soils. In clay loam or silt, higher yield may be obtained fromthe late crop. It does not grow well on a highly acidic soil and is best grown between pH 5.5and 6.5.10. Capsicum: It cannot withstand heavy rains during flowering or fruit set. Very cold temperature(
ecological requirementKnol khol can be grown on all types of soils. A soil rich in manures and fertilizers producesexcellent knobs. Sandy loam is ideal for an early crop and clay or silt loam for higher yield andlate crop. The optimum pH is 5.5–6.8.19. Musk Melon: The optimum temperature for germination of seeds is 27°–30°C. A well drained,loamy soil is ideal. Muskmelon is sensitive to acid soils. The crop cannot be grown successfullybelow a pH of 5.5. A soil pH between 6.0 and 7.0 is ideal. Alkaline soils with high salt concentrationare not suitable.20. Okra: Okra requires a long, warm and humid growing period. It can be successfully grown inhot humid areas. It is sensitive to frost and extremely low temperatures. For normal growthand development, a temperature between 24°C and 28°C is preferred. It is grown on sandy toclay soils but due to its well developed tap root system, relatively light, well drained, rich soilsare ideal. A pH of 6.0–6.8 is ideally-suited.21. Onion: Onion is a cool season crop. However, it can be grown under a wide range of climaticconditions. The ideal temperature requirement of the onion crop is 12.8°–12°C before bulbingand 15.5°–25°C for bulb development. Very low temperature in the early stages favours bolting,whereas a sudden rise in temperature favours early maturity in rabi, resulting in small sizedbulbs. Onion can be grown on all types of soils. However, deep friable loam and alluvial soilsare best for its successful production.22. Pea: Temperature of 15°–25°C is favourable for its cultivation. It can be grown on manytypes of soils light sandy loam to clay soil. Pea needs well drained soils. The pH of 6.0–7.5is ideal.23. Pointed Gourd: It grows best in well drained sandy loams. It can also thrive well in the uplandsof alluvial light soils with addition of organic matter or by raising and incorporation of greenmanure. Heavy soils are not suitable for its cultivation. It remains dormant in winter and growsvigorously during spring.24. Potato: Potato is largely grown in cool regions, where mean temperature does not normallyexceed 18°C. Optimum temperature for potato growth and development ranges between15 and 25°C. Minimum night temperature is of great significance for tuberization and yield.Temperature below 21°C is favourable for tuber formation. At temperatures above 21°C sharpfall in tuberization occurs.Potato can grow in all types of soils, but light, well-drained sandy loam soils are best suited. Withadequate fertilization, potato grows well even in sand. Excellent potato crop is grown under riverbedsystem of cultivation in Deesa in Gujarat. Heavy types of soils are difficult to work with andare not well suited for potato cultivation. The potato plant prefers soils in acidic to neutral range(pH 5.5-7.5). Black soils are, however, prone to cracking on drying and expose tubers to sunand tuber moth infestation.25. Pumpkin: Pumpkin can be grown in various kinds of soils but sandy loam to loam soils areideal. The pH of 5.5–6.8 is optimum. A temperature of 18°–30°C is optimum. Short days, lowtemperatures (18°–30°C), high relative humidity, bright sunshine are ideal for its cultivation.Radish:26. The temperature of 10°–15°C is optimum for proper development of roots, textureand flavour. Maximum root growth occurs initially at 20°–30°C but later at temperature of10°–14°C. Radish can be grown almost in all kinds of soils but friable loam soil with high humuscontent is most suited.135
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Compiled and Edited byDr. Gorakh Si
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ContentsForewordviiVegetable 1Comm
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Rajasthan 102Sikkim 104Tamil Nadu 1
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VegetableIntroductionMore than 40 k
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CoMMerCiAl VArieties of VegetABles - Department of Agriculture ...

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