<strong>ITF</strong> Evalu<strong>at</strong>ion Study, 2010 16This study adds to the growing research liter<strong>at</strong>ure on intern<strong>at</strong>ionalizing higher educ<strong>at</strong>ionby comparing the practical processes and challenges across three different universities in theUS and the UK. <strong>The</strong> limit<strong>at</strong>ions <strong>of</strong> this study include the small number <strong>of</strong> institutionsinvestig<strong>at</strong>ed; therefore, we hope the method we have provided may guide future research inother universities around the world. <strong>The</strong> effort to implement intern<strong>at</strong>ional perspectives anddevelop a global imagin<strong>at</strong>ion with a capacity to establish how knowledge is linkedintern<strong>at</strong>ionally (Rivzi, 2001) is in its infancy <strong>at</strong> our own university. Learning from otherinstitutions th<strong>at</strong> are in the change process is invaluable for all <strong>of</strong> us who are invested in thecomplex and contextual p<strong>at</strong>hs <strong>of</strong> intern<strong>at</strong>ionalizing the campus experience.Global Perspectives InventoryAcross the United St<strong>at</strong>es, colleges and universities are increasingly giving voice tocampus intern<strong>at</strong>ionaliz<strong>at</strong>ion. <strong>UTSA</strong> is no exception. Reaching out to learn about and learn fromglobal experiences, however, is only one <strong>of</strong> several components th<strong>at</strong> are integral to building aglobal campus. <strong>The</strong> benefits <strong>of</strong> these endeavors cannot be fully realized if <strong>UTSA</strong> does notbalance its efforts with focused and consistent assessment practices. This study examined theglobal worldviews <strong>of</strong> the <strong>UTSA</strong> campus community, using <strong>The</strong> Global Perspectives Inventory(GPI; Braskamp, Braskamp, & Merrill, 2009) to g<strong>at</strong>her d<strong>at</strong>a from students, faculty, andadministr<strong>at</strong>ion/staff.MethodologyGlobal Perspectives Inventory<strong>The</strong> Intern<strong>at</strong>ionaliz<strong>at</strong>ion Task Force selected the Global Perspectives Inventory (GPI;Braskamp, Braskamp, & Merrill, 2009) to capture the current st<strong>at</strong>us <strong>of</strong> <strong>UTSA</strong>’s globalworldviews. <strong>The</strong> inventory is a 46 item self-report survey th<strong>at</strong> measures an individual’s globalperspective, with a focus toward cultural consider<strong>at</strong>ions. Participants r<strong>at</strong>e items on a 5- pointscale, ranging from 5 (Strongly Agree) to 1 (Strongly Disagree). Global perspectives arereflected by higher numerical values (Braskamp, 2009). <strong>The</strong> survey authors believe th<strong>at</strong> humandevelopment cannot be viewed in a vacuum, but must be seen from a holistic perspective th<strong>at</strong>encompasses cognitive, intrapersonal, and interpersonal domains (Kegan, 1994). <strong>The</strong>sedomains are directly rel<strong>at</strong>ed to developmental questions th<strong>at</strong> individuals, especially youngadults, continually ask themselves such as How do I know?, Who am I?, and, How do I rel<strong>at</strong>e toothers?, respectively (Braskamp, Braskamp, & Merrill, 2009). <strong>The</strong> domains may be visualized asinterlocking circles th<strong>at</strong> represent the intersecting sociocultural and communic<strong>at</strong>ioncomponents th<strong>at</strong> are integral to the negoti<strong>at</strong>ion <strong>of</strong> cross-cultural experiences in a globalsociety.Three additional GPI scales were incorpor<strong>at</strong>ed into the study. <strong>The</strong>y included the Well-Being, Global Citizenship, and the Community dimension <strong>of</strong> a set <strong>of</strong> sociocultural environmentalscales (Braskamp, 2009). <strong>The</strong> seven GPI items most highly correl<strong>at</strong>ed with the College StudentWell Being instrument (Walker, as cited in Braskamp, Braskamp, & Merrill, 2009) comprise theWell-Being scale. <strong>The</strong> “I view myself as a global citizen” item most highly correl<strong>at</strong>es with ninespecific GPI st<strong>at</strong>ements on which the Global Citizenship scale is based. <strong>The</strong> Community scalefocuses on the collegiality evidenced amongst the campus community constituents, as reflectedin the research <strong>of</strong> Braskamp, Trautvetter, and Ward (2006).Participants
<strong>ITF</strong> Evalu<strong>at</strong>ion Study, 2010 17After IRB approval (see Appendix C), <strong>UTSA</strong> students, faculty, and administr<strong>at</strong>ion/staffwere invited to particip<strong>at</strong>e in this study. Of the 30,956 surveys distributed, 1,438 werecompleted, for a return r<strong>at</strong>e <strong>of</strong> 4.6%. Of the total number <strong>of</strong> participants, 39% indic<strong>at</strong>ed male,59% indic<strong>at</strong>ed female, and 2% reported Other. <strong>The</strong> demographic d<strong>at</strong>a included individuals <strong>of</strong>multiple heritages (7%), African (3%), Asian (5%), European (48%), Hispanic/L<strong>at</strong>ino (29%), andN<strong>at</strong>ive American (3%). Eighty six persons (5%) declined to respond to this item. In terms <strong>of</strong>school st<strong>at</strong>us, 7% <strong>of</strong> the participants st<strong>at</strong>ed they were intern<strong>at</strong>ional students and 3% st<strong>at</strong>edthey were new students. <strong>The</strong> largest number <strong>of</strong> student participants were seniors (11%) andgradu<strong>at</strong>e students (11%), followed by freshmen (6%), and sophomores (4% ). Faculty andadministr<strong>at</strong>ors/staff represented 11% and 33% <strong>of</strong> the sample popul<strong>at</strong>ion, respectively. Onepercent <strong>of</strong> the sample popul<strong>at</strong>ion noted “Other” st<strong>at</strong>us.Findings and DiscussionFindingsStudents (M = 4.22, SD = .52), faculty (M = 4.20, SD = .45), and administr<strong>at</strong>ion/staff (M =4.16, SD = .48) evidenced the most global perspective on the Intrapersonal Identity scale.Students averaged the highest scores among groups on this scale. <strong>The</strong> average scoresindic<strong>at</strong>ing the lowest global perspectives for the student (M = 3.30, SD = .51) andadministr<strong>at</strong>ion/staff groups (M = 3.33, SD = .49) were on the Cognitive Knowing scale. Studentsaveraged the lowest mean scores among groups on this scale. At the same time, the lowestglobal scores evidenced by faculty were on the Community scale (M = 3.49, SD = .67).GPI norm reports are available for over 7,000 undergradu<strong>at</strong>e students <strong>at</strong> approxim<strong>at</strong>ely50 colleges and universities who completed the instrument during 2008-2009 (Braskamp,2009). Norm tables are currently unavailable for faculty, administr<strong>at</strong>ors, or staff. Given thisstudy’s focus on campus intern<strong>at</strong>ionaliz<strong>at</strong>ion, the mean GPI scale score by public institutiontype will be highlighted. <strong>The</strong> highest score for both the <strong>UTSA</strong> undergradu<strong>at</strong>es (M = 4.04) andundergradu<strong>at</strong>es <strong>at</strong> public institutions (M = 4.07) was the Intrapersonal Identity scale. <strong>The</strong>segroups also evidenced the lowest scores on the Cognitive Knowing scale (M = 3.30, M = 3.46,respectively). Average GPI scores for the norm group were slightly higher than for the <strong>UTSA</strong>undergradu<strong>at</strong>e comparison group. <strong>The</strong> average Community scale score was excluded from thisreport, as no scores were available for the norm group.DiscussionThis study sought to ascertain a baseline assessment <strong>of</strong> the global perspectives <strong>of</strong>students, faculty, and administr<strong>at</strong>ion/staff <strong>at</strong> <strong>UTSA</strong>. This study is intended to provide anopportunity for the campus to become aware <strong>of</strong> where its various constituents stand in rel<strong>at</strong>ionto the university’s goals for an intern<strong>at</strong>ionalized educ<strong>at</strong>ional experience. Additionally, thisstudy points to possible directions <strong>UTSA</strong> might consider with regard to its campusintern<strong>at</strong>ionaliz<strong>at</strong>ion process. Students, faculty, and administr<strong>at</strong>ion/staff all evidenced theirhighest global scores on the Intrapersonal identity scale. This indic<strong>at</strong>es th<strong>at</strong> these groups areaware <strong>of</strong> their personal values and beliefs and how these areas impact cross-cultural dynamicson campus. <strong>The</strong>re is also an understanding <strong>of</strong> the importance <strong>of</strong> various cultural identities.<strong>The</strong> Cognitive domain, specifically the Knowledge scale, was the area <strong>of</strong> least globalperspective for both students and administr<strong>at</strong>ion/staff. This finding suggests the tendency forthese groups to look to authority figures to define self and others, versus a tendency to defineself and others depending on specific individual experiences. This may reflect a student body
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