Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide

Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide
# You will therefore notice a speeding up in the printing of the later passes.
exchange()
{
# Swaps two members of the array.
local temp=${Countries[$1]} # Temporary storage
#+ for element getting swapped out.
Countries[$1]=${Countries[$2]}
Countries[$2]=$temp
}
return
declare −a Countries # Declare array,
#+ optional here since it's initialized below.
# Is it permissable to split an array variable over multiple lines
#+ using an escape (\)?
# Yes.
Countries=(Netherlands Ukraine Zaire Turkey Russia Yemen Syria \
Brazil Argentina Nicaragua Japan Mexico Venezuela Greece England \
Israel Peru Canada Oman Denmark Wales France Kenya \
Xanadu Qatar Liechtenstein Hungary)
# "Xanadu" is the mythical place where, according to Coleridge,
#+ Kubla Khan did a pleasure dome decree.
clear
# Clear the screen to start with.
echo "0: ${Countries[*]}" # List entire array at pass 0.
number_of_elements=${#Countries[@]}
let "comparisons = $number_of_elements − 1"
count=1 # Pass number.
while [ "$comparisons" −gt 0 ]
do
# Beginning of outer loop
index=0 # Reset index to start of array after each pass.
while [ "$index" −lt "$comparisons" ] # Beginning of inner loop
do
if [ ${Countries[$index]} \> ${Countries[`expr $index + 1`]} ]
# If out of order...
# Recalling that \> is ASCII comparison operator
#+ within single brackets.
# if [[ ${Countries[$index]} > ${Countries[`expr $index + 1`]} ]]
#+ also works.
then
exchange $index `expr $index + 1` # Swap.
fi
let "index += 1"
done # End of inner loop
let "comparisons −= 1" # Since "heaviest" element bubbles to bottom,
#+ we need do one less comparison each pass.
Chapter 26. Arrays 300