Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide

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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide Then, run msgfmt. msgfmt −o localized.sh.mo fr.po Place the resulting localized.sh.mo file in the /usr/local/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES directory, and at the beginning of the script, insert the lines: TEXTDOMAINDIR=/usr/local/share/locale TEXTDOMAIN=localized.sh If a user on a French system runs the script, she will get French messages. With older versions of Bash or other shells, localization requires gettext, using the −s option. In this case, the script becomes: #!/bin/bash # localized.sh E_CDERROR=65 error() { local format=$1 shift printf "$(gettext −s "$format")" "$@" >&2 exit $E_CDERROR } cd $var || error "Can't cd to %s." "$var" read −p "$(gettext −s "Enter the value: ")" var # ... The TEXTDOMAIN and TEXTDOMAINDIR variables need to be exported to the environment. −−− This appendix written by Stephane Chazelas. Appendix E. Localization 416
Appendix F. History Commands The Bash shell provides command−line tools for editing and manipulating a user's command history. This is primarily a convenience, a means of saving keystrokes. Bash history commands: 1. history 2. fc bash$ history 1 mount /mnt/cdrom 2 cd /mnt/cdrom 3 ls ... Internal variables associated with Bash history commands: 1. $HISTCMD 2. $HISTCONTROL 3. $HISTIGNORE 4. $HISTFILE 5. $HISTFILESIZE 6. $HISTSIZE 7. !! 8. !$ 9. !# 10. !N 11. !−N 12. !STRING 13. !?STRING? 14. ^STRING^string^ Unfortunately, the Bash history tools find no use in scripting. #!/bin/bash # history.sh # Attempt to use 'history' command in a script. history # Script produces no output. # History commands do not work within a script. bash$ ./history.sh (no output) Appendix F. History Commands 417
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide An
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Chapter 1. Why Shell Programming? A
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Chapter 2. Starting Off With a Sha
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide Eac
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Chapter 3. Special Characters Speci
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# Sometimes, though, you get: # 11
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The "−" can be used to pipe stdou
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change the behavior of the terminal
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Chapter 4. Introduction to Variable
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide Exa
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide MIN
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The shift command reassigns the pos
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Example 5−1. Echoing Weird Variab
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(cd /source/directory && tar cf −
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true # the "true" builtin. echo "ex
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide if
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if [[ −e $file ]] then echo "Pass
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide −
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7.3. Comparison operators (binary)
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Example 7−5. arithmetic and strin
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Chapter 8. Operations and Related T
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide ! ^
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide let
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Part 3. Beyond the Basics Table of
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$EDITOR the default editor invoked
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide (Th
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide #!/
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Example 9−2. Timed Input Advanced
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide fi
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echo 'IFS=":", using "$@"' c=0 for
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echo '${var1#$pattern1} =' "${var1#
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t=${path_name%/*.*} # Same effect a
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Chapter 10. Loops and Branches Oper
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide # T
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide OUT
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As is the case with for/in loops, p
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This construct tests for a conditio
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide ###
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# Accept upper or lowercase input.
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide a=`
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# May need to also press ENTER if a
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cat, tac # Burn the CDR. cdrecord
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide 12.
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exit $E_CHANGED_MIND ;; *) echo "De
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The multiplication operator must be
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echo Number of digits at the beginn
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Outputs very verbose timing statist
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This line occurs three times. This
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# List all the users in /etc/passwd
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide # r
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide gre
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The −d option deletes a range of
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# Delete CR and write to new file.
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mailto Similar to the mail command,
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[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
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chroot Advanced Bash−Scripting Gu
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide Not
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Chapter 15. Arithmetic Expansion Ar
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# Saves stdin. Advanced Bash−Scri
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide 16.
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Chapter 17. Here Documents A here d
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Example 17−11. A self−documenti
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Part 4. Advanced Topics At this poi
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide lit
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"Sed & Awk", by Dougherty and Robbi
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Chapter 20. Subshells Running a she
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# Range: 0 − 200 # It's crude, bu
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide alt
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# grep PATTERN /etc/passwd | awk
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide # Y
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Chapter 25. List Constructs The "an
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# AND LIST executes on true, OR LIS
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echo ${colors[$index]} let "index =
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# Replace all matching wildcarded s
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide Cop
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fi let "t += $i " Primes[t]=$NON_PR
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide # =
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# −−−−−−−−− # 1)
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Chapter 28. /dev and /proc A Linux
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide # A
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Chapter 30. Debugging The Bash shel
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4. Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide
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Chapter 31. Options Options are set
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Chapter 32. Gotchas Turandot: Gli e
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command1 2> − | command2 # Trying
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echo "one two three" | read a b c #
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Chapter 33. Scripting With Style Ge
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#!/bin/bash # color−echo.sh: Echo
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34.7. Assorted Tips Advanced Bash
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Advanced Bash−Scripting Guide •
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# agram.sh: Playing games with anag
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Chapter 35. Bash, version 2 The cur
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1−56592−580−7). This is the s
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Bibliography Edited by Peter Dennin
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Page 373 and 374: Mark Komarinski's Printing−Usage
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Page 389 and 390: let "row = $r" # Count center row o
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Page 413 and 414: Appendix B. A Sed and Awk Micro−P
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Page 435 and 436: Appendix H. Converting DOS Batch Fi
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