The African American Experience in Louisiana

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National Register of Historic Places Nomination for St. James AME Church, New Orleans, Louisiana. Louisiana Department of Culture, Recreation, and Tourism, Office of Cultural Development, Division of Historic Preservation, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 1982. Neidenbach, Elizabeth Clark. “Marie Bernard Couvent: The Couvent School and African American Education in New Orleans.” Bachelor’s thesis, Tulane University, 2003. Porter, Betty. “The History of Negro Education in Louisiana.” Masters thesis in History, Louisiana State University, 1938. Riley, Martin Luther. The Development of Education in Louisiana Prior to Statehood. Reprinted from the Louisiana Historical Quarterly Vol. 19, No. 3 July 1936. Robestine, Clark. “French Colonial Policy and the Education of Women and Minorities: Louisiana in the Early Eighteenth Century.” History of Education Quarterly 32, no. 2 (Summer 1992): 193-211. Savage, Beth L., ed. African American Historic Places. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1994. Scott, John H. with Cleo Scott Brown. Witness to the Truth: My Struggle for Human Rights in Louisiana. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2003. Sterkx, H. E. The Free Negro in Ante-Bellum Louisiana. Rutherford, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1972. Toledano, Roulhac and Mary Louise Christovich. New Orleans Architecture, Volume VI: Faubourg Tremé and the Bayou Road. Gretna, Louisiana: Pelican Publishing Company, 2003. Van West, Carroll, Rebecca Smith, Heather Fearnbach, and Teresa Biddie-Douglas, National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form for Historic Rural African-American Churches in Tennessee, 1850-1970. 1999. Vincent, Charles, ed., The African American Experience in Louisiana: Part A, From Africa to the Civil War. Lafayette: Center for Louisiana Studies, University of Southwestern Louisiana, 1999. Vincent, Charles, ed., The African American Experience in Louisiana: Part B, From the Civil War to Jim Crow. Lafayette: Center for Louisiana Studies, University of Southwestern Louisiana, 2000. Vincent, Charles, ed., The African American Experience in Louisiana: Part C, From Jim Crow to Civil Rights. Lafayette: Center for Louisiana Studies, University of Southwestern Louisiana, 2002. Vlach, John Michael. Back of the Big House: The Architecture of Plantation Slavery. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1993.
Vlach, John Michael. “The Shotgun House: An African Architectural Legacy,” in Common Places: Readings in American Vernacular Architecture, edited by Dell Upton and John Michael Vlach, 58-78. Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1986. Wilkie, Laurie A. Creating Freedom: Material Culture and African American Identity at Oakley Plantation, Louisiana, 1840-1950. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2000. Wilmore, Gayraud S. Black Religion and Radicalism: An Interpretation of the Religious History of African Americans, 2 nd ed. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1983; reissued 1993. Wilson, Dreck Spurlock. African-American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945. New York: Routledge, 2004. Woodruff, Ann. “Society Halls in New Orleans: A Survey of Jazz Landmarks, Part I.” The Jazz Archivist 20 (2007): 11-28. Woodruff, Ann. “Society Halls in New Orleans: A Survey of Jazz Landmarks, Part II.” The Jazz Archivist 21 (2008): 19-36.
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The African American Experience in
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary
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of the city of New Orleans, beautif
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BACKGROUND HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT
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apprenticeships with skilled artisa
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Coartación seems to have been assi
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freeing slaves in all its colonies,
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slaying of his son. An immediate an
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to 129 at Parlange in Pointe Coupé
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was apparently different when they
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indicative of their individual weal
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the cleanliness and comfort of the
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chartered in 1848 and its building
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a horse, tanning leather or making
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which should go hand and hand with
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difficult to distinguish between th
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near riot with groups of African Am
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egan actively opening schools and p
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according to the terms of the contr
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estimated thirty-four whites and 15
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continued to vote in Louisiana unti
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suddenly being free with no wealth
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Bogalusa even established separate
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Into this situation entered the Rev
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provided some of the best facilitie
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their predecessors. 229 Two months
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State Historic Preservation Office
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example of this is the way that seg
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architecture or Criterion B signifi
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as the home and meeting place of De
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African architectural antecedents,
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Opelousas. 238 A private home used
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owner was the State of Louisiana, w
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to the ongoing struggle of African
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documented house of an African Amer
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6. Cemeteries Plantation cemeteries
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would suffer from a loss of setting
Page 75 and 76: adding the benefits of modern techn
Page 77 and 78: commissioned to design would play i
Page 79 and 80: 1850s, serving free children of col
Page 81 and 82: eligious, there were some parochial
Page 83 and 84: Iberville Parish when it was docume
Page 85 and 86: housing just grades one through fou
Page 87 and 88: A compromise between the demand of
Page 89 and 90: uildings for African Americans vers
Page 91 and 92: loss of location or setting for som
Page 93 and 94: In order to be eligible for the Nat
Page 95 and 96: African American artists many times
Page 97 and 98: locks of the street, just a dozen r
Page 99 and 100: Masonic organization for African Am
Page 101 and 102: founded in 1883 (Figure 92). The bu
Page 103 and 104: uildings or structures. Possible ex
Page 105 and 106: Pontchartrain Park course, now rena
Page 107 and 108: J. Political This property type is
Page 109 and 110: K. Military Although the history of
Page 111 and 112: was likely the only place in Donald
Page 113 and 114: A careful evaluation of all buildin
Page 115 and 116: eviction by white landlords should
Page 117 and 118: 4. Towns and Settlements Towns and
Page 119 and 120: preserving the history of this remo
Page 121 and 122: GEOGRAPHICAL DATA This context is l
Page 123 and 124: etween Louisiana’s historic resou
Page 125: Edwards, Jay D. “Shotgun: The Mos
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