Research Journal of Social Science & Management - RJSSM - The ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Flame retardant finishes Flame retardant clothing is very much required both for commercial use and for domestic purpose. There are numerous efforts going on to discover such type of safe and protective clothing for the consumers, to avoid drastic consequences. In the past several decades, a number of chemical treatment procedures have been developed to reduce the flammability of cellulosic substrates. However, only a few of them are still being practiced today. Currently, the durable flame retardant finishing systems for cellulosic fibers available to the industry include the “pre-condensate”/ammonia process and reactive organophosphorus chemicals. Both processes have certain limitations due to cost, need for special equipment, requirement of multiple after-washes, and other difficulties associated with the textile finishing operations. According to Marsh, some of the developments have led to the introduction of flame proof finishes such as Proban, Antiflamm, and Lifeguard. (Marsh, J.T). These are the chemical finishing processes that are mostly used in industries to make protective clothing for the customers. (Weidong Wu, 2004) In the field of nano technology, it has been observed by Md. Ruhul Amin that the antimony pent oxide nano particles along with Halogenated flame-retardants are used for the flame retardant finishing. The antimony has a characteristic of flame retardency. Hence the presence of antimony particles along with halogenated flame retardant in the fabric increases a flame retardant property of the fabric. (M. Ruhul Amin.) Moreover another research supports the same theory of making fabric with nano finishes, more flame retardant suggests that Colloidal antimony pentoxide has been offered as fine particles dispersion, for use as a flame retardant synergist with halogenated flame-retardants (the ratio of halogen to antimony is 5:1 to 2:1). Nano antimony pentoxide is used with halogenated flame retardants for a flame retardant finish to the garments. (Abu Mohammad Azmal et al 2010). Dirt and Stain repellant Nanotechnology makes textile fibres dirt and dust repellent, which is the need of the busy consumer now a days. Stain repellant is the property of fabric that helps to withstand any sort of penetration of liquid soils. It helps to protect the garments from being get spoiled at work place or some formal gathering, while taking some fluid. The finishes applied with the nanotechnology help greatly in this regard and show effectiveness in most of the natural fibers including cotton, silk, flax and wool, as well as performs good with synthetic materials including polyester and nylon that are commonly used. When a substance is manipulated at sizes of approximately 100 nm, the structure of the processed clothing becomes more compressed. This makes clothing stain- and dirt-resistant. (V Parthasarathi. 2008). Scientists at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University have been able to build a nano-thin layer of particles of titanium dioxide, a substance that reacts with sunlight to break down dirt and other organic material. This layer can be coated on cotton to keep the fabric clean. (P.G. Cookson and X. Wan, 2005). Theses finishes maintain the overlook look of the garment fresh and original makes them more absorbing and comfortable and protects them oily and sticky stains. UV Resistant finishes Excessive UV exposure can result in a number of chronic problems like skin diseases. And people have to face high exposure to UV radiation especially during outwork. So, for this reason adequate clothing that protects UV rays is highly demanded by the consumers. One of the very important characteristic of nano finishes is to absorb UV rays. It helps the wearers to protect their skin from potential damage. The fabrics treated with nanotechnology for this purpose are more durable and perform better. This fact is highlighted by V Parthasarathi (2008) that www.theinternationaljournal.org > RJSSM: Volume: 03, Number: 03, July-2013 Page 205
“Metal oxides like ZnO as UV-blocker are more stable when compared to organic UV-blocking agents. Hence, nano ZnO will really enhance the UV-blocking property due to their increase surface area and intense absorption in the UV region.” Sol gel method is very considerably used for making fabrics UV resistant due to its improved results. This element is also studied by (The Oklahoma Nanotecnology Education Intiative) that UV blocking treatment for cotton fabrics was developed using the sol-gel method. A thin layer of titanium dioxide is formed on the surface of the treated cotton fabric which provides excellent UVprotection. By uniformly distributing Nano-TiO2 into fiber molecules, the decomposition of the macromolecule chain could be effectively inhibited and free radicals could be reduced (Wang et al 2004). The role of nano finishing agents is also well explained by Haixia Li, Hua Deng & Jing Zhao. (2009). They concluded that Nano-TiO2 finishing agent has exceptional anti-ultraviolet effect and UVA, UVB section could be effectively shielded. In the visible light section, the agent has good transmittance and transparence. Conclusion: Nanotechnology is the technology of present day and creating dramatic results in almost every field of life, especially targeting the major industry like textiles. There is still to explore in this new arena of technology and research is being conducted by many individuals, groups, technologists, and specialists to bring the unknown features and characteristics of fabric surface to the world for superior and quick processes or procedures of manufacturing and developing products and materials for the end users. References: 1. A.P.S.Sawhney1 and B. Condo, K.V. Singh, S.S. Pang and G. Li and David Hui , (2008). Modern Applications of Nanotechnology in Textiles. Textile Research Journal: SAGE Publications Los Angeles, London, New Delhi and Singapor. 2. Abu Mohammad Azmal Morshed, Md. HasanIkbal and S.M Kamrul Hasan. (2010). . Impact of Nano technology in the arena of textile apparel finishes. Textile Today. A comprehensive publication for textile and apparel industry. Issue July-August: Bangladesh Retrieved from http://www.textiletoday.com.bd/magazine/printable.php?id=68 3. Centre for responsible nanotechnology: Retrieved from http://crnano.org/whatis.htm 4. D. Gopalakrishnan & K.G. Mythili. Functional nano finishes for textiles. Retrieved from http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/technology-industry-article/functional-nanofinishes-for-textiles/functional-nano-finishes-for-textiles1.asp 5. D.Gopalakrishnan & R K Aswini. Antimicrobial Finishes. Retrieved from www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/.../antimicrobial-finishes.pdf 6. Gorga E Russel. Nanotechnology In Textiles. Retrieved from http://www.textileworld.com/Articles/2010/November/Nov_Dec_issue/Nanotechnology_In_Textil es.html 7. Haixia Li, Hua Deng & Jing Zhao. (2009) Performance Research of Polyester Fabric Treated by Nano Titanium Dioxide (N ano-TiO2) Anti-ultraviolet Finishing. International journal of chemistry. Vol , No.1 8. K. Anar. Oil and water repellent finishing. Retrieved from www.anarkimya.com/images/pdf/fluorocarbons.pdf 9. Lei Qian & juan P. Hinestroza. (2004). Application of Nanotechnology for high performance textile, Journal of Textiles and Aparel, Technology and Management. Vol. 4 10. M. Romagnuolo, M. Ruberti (2010). “New-old” textiles by nanotechnologies: business opportunities for advanced economies. Retrieved from http://www.researchgate.net/publication 11. M. Ruhul Amin. Application of Nanotechnology in Textile Finishing. Retrieved from http://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2013/04/application-of-nanotechnology-in.html www.theinternationaljournal.org > RJSSM: Volume: 03, Number: 03, July-2013 Page 206
Page 2 and 3:
Table of Contents Articles-HR A STU
Page 4 and 5:
Assessment of Some Factors Associat
Page 6 and 7:
Health: 3 Number of children : numb
Page 8 and 9:
Cov( ,F) = E( F′) = 0 (pxm) Ortho
Page 10 and 11:
Table 4 Pearson Correlation Coeffic
Page 12 and 13:
eigenvalues for Tanzania, Uganda an
Page 14 and 15:
Table 12 Extraction and Rotation Lo
Page 16 and 17:
4). The variables literacy, age and
Page 18 and 19:
Generalization of the Results of th
Page 20 and 21:
Self-Exploration & Industrial Relat
Page 22 and 23:
is we who understand the world, hen
Page 24 and 25:
these as valuable proposals worthy
Page 26 and 27:
A process of being in harmony in on
Page 28 and 29:
community continuity (Runganga, et
Page 30 and 31:
Focus Group discussions with worker
Page 32 and 33:
Other medical conditions - like tho
Page 34 and 35:
A Study on Factors for Attracting a
Page 36 and 37:
esponsibilities and also can give r
Page 38 and 39:
Provision of lodging travel welfare
Page 40 and 41:
FACTOR 1 Six items like good vacati
Page 42 and 43:
12. Comm, C.L., Mathaisel, D.F.X (2
Page 44 and 45:
47. Oshagbemi, T. (1997), “Job sa
Page 46 and 47:
messages are usually to communicate
Page 48 and 49:
Complaints about services like clea
Page 50 and 51:
as well to have a clear public poli
Page 52 and 53:
sales were about $200 billion and i
Page 54 and 55:
Table (1): Research Design Item Des
Page 56 and 57:
V. Results and Discussions 1. Demog
Page 58 and 59:
Testing H1: Product knowledge with
Page 60 and 61:
9. Bloch, P.H., Bush, R.F. & Campbe
Page 62 and 63:
Teacher Preparation towards the Imp
Page 64 and 65:
the Universal Basic Education act (
Page 66 and 67:
Table 2: t-test analysis on teacher
Page 68 and 69:
Portrayals of Asian Americans in Ma
Page 70 and 71:
elatively small increase in the num
Page 72 and 73:
importance of the character or char
Page 74 and 75:
Characteristic s Major Role Minor R
Page 76 and 77:
in 1955 and 58.0% in 1975 (chi-squa
Page 78 and 79:
are worth considering as historical
Page 80 and 81:
ecomes very obvious that the duty p
Page 82 and 83:
challenge and risk taking may not b
Page 84 and 85:
E-Participation in Urban India- Cas
Page 86 and 87:
well as socio-economic variables th
Page 88 and 89:
Table 2: E- Participation Score Mun
Page 90 and 91:
9. Conroy, M. M & Evans- Cowley, J.
Page 92 and 93:
48. Sharma, D. (2011). An Evaluatio
Page 94 and 95:
foreign investment brings four ‘E
Page 96 and 97:
(a) Individual, an Indian citizen,
Page 98 and 99:
A limited company in India is liabl
Page 100 and 101:
‣ Tax-GDP ratio In view of large
Page 102 and 103:
25 Manipur 2685 crore(s) (US$490 mi
Page 104 and 105:
INTROSPECTING THE MOTIVATIONAL PROP
Page 106 and 107:
the assumption that the geometrical
Page 108 and 109:
Cross-validated b Count % PRIVATE .
Page 110 and 111:
www.theinternationaljournal.org > R
Page 112 and 113:
References 1. Adamson, S.L., Burtch
Page 114 and 115:
42. Ozsogomonyan, A., and Loftus, D
Page 116 and 117:
derivative effects of extremes clim
Page 118 and 119:
Stratification patterns of HR make
Page 120 and 121:
To sustain the productivity, especi
Page 122 and 123:
only enhance national productivity,
Page 124 and 125:
6. Discussions The findings of the
Page 126 and 127:
Table no. 4 The factors motivating
Page 128 and 129:
predictor variables like Networking
Page 130 and 131:
Violence Against Women in Tehmina D
Page 132 and 133:
“Mustafa, let suggestions pass, i
Page 134 and 135:
Strict Discipline for Women Women/g
Page 136 and 137:
Fig 1.1: The Indian Retail Market 1
Page 138 and 139:
H3: There is significant influence
Page 140 and 141:
Edu_Qual * Buy_Store_Brands Crossta
Page 142 and 143:
7. Conclusion Basis the analysis of
Page 144 and 145:
etween the academic output and the
Page 146 and 147:
engineering students at the Univers
Page 148 and 149:
14. Eileen M. Trauth in his study '
Page 150 and 151:
The above table and the graph direc
Page 152 and 153:
Here again, referring to the table
Page 154 and 155:
Focusing on holistic personality de
Page 156 and 157:
A Study of High Levels of Non-Perfo
Page 158 and 159: year. In the year 2001, interest ra
Page 160 and 161: Brand Awareness: A Salient Element
Page 162 and 163: group of Rs 52000-57000 and very fe
Page 164 and 165: An Investigation into some Pragmati
Page 166 and 167: The questionnaire which will be adm
Page 168 and 169: “make your conversational contrib
Page 170 and 171: specific and this makes the problem
Page 172 and 173: It seems that common idioms are eas
Page 174 and 175: 5. Gutt,E.A.(1991). Translation and
Page 176 and 177: Conceptual Issues Globalization Cov
Page 178 and 179: values, beliefs, civic norms and de
Page 180 and 181: (vi) Civil society as already engag
Page 182 and 183: government-owned media, journalists
Page 184 and 185: References Agbaje Adigun (1992),
Page 186 and 187: Raustiala, Kal (1997), “States, N
Page 188 and 189: Comparative Study of the Motivation
Page 190 and 191: i) Sample Selection & Data Collecti
Page 192 and 193: Graph 5 shows that 10.5% of the res
Page 194 and 195: advancement Fringe Empowerment 3.81
Page 196 and 197: Limitations Of The Studies 1. If we
Page 198 and 199: Human Resource Management: Recent T
Page 200 and 201: Recent Trend: Concentrate on Contra
Page 202 and 203: vi. leadership mantle of the union.
Page 204 and 205: Introduction: Role of Nanotechnolog
Page 206 and 207: These nano particles and whiskers h
Page 210 and 211: 12. M.Deal. National nanotechnology
Page 212 and 213: authorities in Malaysia with a very
Page 214 and 215: perceptions could lead to non-compl
Page 216 and 217: Kuppusamy, S. (2008). Local governm
Page 218 and 219: continuously strive to match the ex
Page 220 and 221: 5. 83.9% of the respondents belong
Page 222 and 223: In a case study at NHS by Institute
Page 224 and 225: Indian Rural Telecom Market Opportu
Page 226 and 227: 46 percent of soft drinks, 49 perce
Page 228: http://archive.ciol.com/News/News-R
show all

Research Journal of Social Science & Management - RJSSM - The ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?