1 Stream opening: human health <strong>and</strong> well-being depends on nature An international panel including experts from <strong>the</strong> health sec<strong>to</strong>r, <strong>the</strong> IUCN, immigration <strong>and</strong> settlement, sustainable development <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> environment sec<strong>to</strong>r set <strong>the</strong> scene for <strong>the</strong> Improving Health <strong>and</strong> Well-being: <strong>Healthy</strong> <strong>Parks</strong> <strong>Healthy</strong> <strong>People</strong> stream. They introduced <strong>the</strong> diverse links between human health <strong>and</strong> wellbeing with parks <strong>and</strong> protected areas. Discussions covered global issues, regional <strong>and</strong> national approaches <strong>and</strong> different perspectives relating <strong>to</strong> human health, well-being, nature <strong>and</strong> sustainable development. The session also gave an overview of <strong>the</strong> inspiring side events <strong>and</strong> capacity development workshops available in <strong>the</strong> stream. Summary of session <strong>and</strong> discussion There is growing recognition by <strong>the</strong> health sec<strong>to</strong>r that <strong>the</strong> parks <strong>and</strong> protected area sec<strong>to</strong>r are wanting <strong>to</strong> work <strong>to</strong>ge<strong>the</strong>r with <strong>the</strong>m <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> health sec<strong>to</strong>r are now paying more attention <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> connections between parks, human health <strong>and</strong> well-being. The health sec<strong>to</strong>r needs data <strong>and</strong> quantitative evidence about <strong>the</strong> health benefits of nature, which compared <strong>to</strong> research on medication, is minimal. The United Nations is in <strong>the</strong> process of defining a post-2015 development agenda, with United Nations Member States leading <strong>the</strong> process, <strong>and</strong> broad participation from governments, major groups, <strong>and</strong> civil society. There are opportunities for <strong>the</strong> new Sustainable Development Goals <strong>to</strong> address key issues including environmental <strong>and</strong> human health links as important priorities. (https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/) The United States National Park Service has more than 100 partnerships with health practitioners. Prescribing outdoor activity as a medical treatment is occurring across <strong>the</strong> state of California. This is particularly effective for low socio-economic communities with minimal capacity <strong>to</strong> purchase insurance or medications. The United States National Park Service has created a Science Plan that is a partnership with universities <strong>and</strong> medical schools <strong>to</strong> contribute <strong>to</strong> research that demonstrates <strong>the</strong> health benefits of parks. <strong>Parks</strong> provide <strong>the</strong> opportunity for refugees <strong>and</strong> newly arrived persons <strong>to</strong> reconnect with nature <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> l<strong>and</strong>scape, promoting <strong>the</strong> development of relationships <strong>and</strong> ties <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir new communities <strong>and</strong> homel<strong>and</strong>. Protected Area managers may benefit from becoming more economically literate so <strong>the</strong>y are able <strong>to</strong> communicate <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> corporate sec<strong>to</strong>r <strong>the</strong> benefits of investing in nature <strong>and</strong> businesses may fur<strong>the</strong>r invest in “green” initiatives that improve health of ecosystems <strong>and</strong> people. Session managers Bill Jackson <strong>and</strong> Kathryn Campbell, <strong>Parks</strong> Vic<strong>to</strong>ria 14 Session contribu<strong>to</strong>rs – Achim Steiner, United Nations Environment Programme, Kenya – Julia Mar<strong>to</strong>n-Lefevre, IUCN, Switzerl<strong>and</strong> – Jonathan Jarvis, United States National Park Service, USA – Melika Yassin Sheik-Elden, Australian Multicultural Education Service, Australia – Pierre Horwitz, School of Natural Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Australia – Dawn Carr, Canadian <strong>Parks</strong> Council, Canada – Damein Bell, Gurdjti Marring Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation, Australia – Chris<strong>to</strong>pher Briggs, Ramsar Convention Secretariat, Switzerl<strong>and</strong>
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