Seven churches

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THE SEVEN CHURCHES ________________________________________________ 59 Smyrna was a small city about 35 miles north of Ephesus. It was a city built by the hill Pagus with the most safest of all harbors in Asia. In AD 178 it was destroyed by an earthquake and was built again by the best town planners of that time. It was a planned city It was originally peopled by the Asiatics known as the Lelages. The city seems to have been taken from the Lelages by the Aeolian Greeks about 1100 BC; there still remain traces of the cyclopean masonry of that early time. In 688 BC it passed into the possession of the Ionian Greeks and was made one of the cities of the Ionian confederacy, but in 627 BC it was taken by the Lydians. During the years 301 to 281 BC, Lysimachus entirely rebuilt it on a new site and surrounded it by a wall. Its modern name is Izmir. But at John’s period, the city was called It was famous for its schools of science and medicine, and for its architecture. It was a rich city and was the center of culture and learning. It was the home of Homer of Iliad , the world’s earliest classical poets of the Greek literature. Homer On the slope of Mt. Pagus was a theater which seated 20,000 spectators. In the 23 AD year a temple was built in honor of Tiberius and his mother Julia, with the Golden Street connecting the temples of Zeus and Cybele. The Great Mother goddess, Cybele, whose temple was located on the eastern side of the city, was Smyrna’s patron deity. Often pictured on Smyrna’s coins, she was regarded as
60 M. M. NINAN ________________________________________________ the divine being who was especially responsible for the well-being of the city. Fertility, health, and protection were among the benefits she was said to provide. She was the “Mother of All” They worshipped the Emperor as God. Smyrna was well known for its fidelity and loyalty to the Emperor. The emperor worship was probably the greatest challenge to the early Christians. In the richness of the city there was a small poor church. The demands of Emperor Worship made their life difficult. Romans hated Christians because they refused to sacrifice to Caesar. So the Jews found an opponent in Christians and they reported them to the Rome. It was an easy way to blot out the infant church - “the heretics” according to the Jews. Cybele
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A Study of the First Three Chapters
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THE SEVEN CHURCHES A Study of the F
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Dedicated to Our Daughters: Premeel
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Seven churches

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