YOUTH CIVIC

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to improve access to financing mechanisms tailored to the specific needs of young entrepreneurs. The development of a range of financial instruments that take into account the type of entrepreneur, enterprise and capital needed would provide young entrepreneurs with more direct access to funding and lessen their reliance on local networks. Foster an enabling youth entrepreneurship ecosystem. Young entrepreneurs are utilizing their own time, labour and ideas to change the status quo and redefine the economic rules of the game. This massive movement needs the support of all stakeholders if the larger unemployment issue is to be addressed through the development and strengthening of an enabling environment for youth entrepreneurship. instrumental roles in promoting entrepreneurship by providing knowledge, expertise, social capital and financial support. Continued economic growth and innovation depend on the ability of the global economy to ensure that youth have the skills and confidence to move forward as entrepreneurs. The promotion of entrepreneurship across the globe, especially in developing nations, is essential to unleash the potential of youth and encourage sustainable development. As the population grows, more and more jobs will be required to keep the world employed; without entrepreneurs, those jobs may never exist. Entrepreneurship is key to generating new jobs and ensuring that youth remain invested in a positive future. Countries across the world need to realize that promoting entrepreneurship is essential for developing human capital. For entrepreneurship to flourish, it needs an ecosystem in which multiple stakeholders play key supportive roles. Policymakers, academic institutions, the business community, and others need to work together to take advantage of this opportunity to fuel the engine of future economic growth. Empowering entrepreneurs improves social well-being by preparing young people to thrive and succeed in a globally competitive and dynamic world. Policymakers at all levels have an important role to play in establishing appropriate legal and fiscal frameworks to encourage entrepreneurship and to fill market gaps as necessary. Educational institutions play a critical role in developing the appropriate learning environment and utilizing relevant learning methods. Engagement of the private sector is absolutely necessary; companies and entrepreneurs play REFERENCES AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING Kew, Jacqui, and others. Generation Entrepreneur? The State of Global Youth Entrepreneurship. London: Youth Business International and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, 2013. Available from http://www.youthbusiness.org/wp-content/ uploads/2013/09/GenerationEntrepreneur.pdf. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and European Commission. Policy Brief on Youth Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2012. Available from http://www.oecd.org/cfe/leed/Youth%20 entrepreneurship%20policy%20brief%20EN_ FINAL.pdf. 53
Schoof, Ulrich, and Amina Semlali. Youth entrepreneurship: measures to overcome the barriers facing youth. Youth Development Notes, vol. 2, No. 6. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 2008. Available from http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/ en/2008/06/9880835/youth-entrepreneurship-measures-overcome-barriers-facing-youth. Valerio, Alexandria, Brent Parton and Alicia Robb. Entrepreneurship Education and Training Programs around the World: Dimensions for Success. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 2014. Available from https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/18031/9781464802027. pdf?sequence=1. Youth Business International and others. Youth Entrepreneurship: A Contexts Framework. London: 2012. Available from http://www.odi. org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/8564.pdf. 54
Page 1 and 2:
YOUTH CIVIC ENGAGEMENT
Page 3 and 4: World Youth Report Published by the
Page 5 and 6: Peace Bell Ceremony to commemorate
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 10
Page 9 and 10: EXPLANATORY NOTES The terms “coun
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 1
Page 13 and 14: CHAPTER 1 SITUATION OF YOUTH The tr
Page 15 and 16: CHAPTER 1 YOUNG PEOPLE TAKING ACTIO
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER 1 Introduction (chapter one
Page 19 and 20: ENGAGED CITIZENSHIP The discourse o
Page 21 and 22: Interaction theory posits that the
Page 23 and 24: social actors. It has been argued t
Page 25 and 26: eal, substantial, and significant.
Page 27 and 28: 2CHAPTER Teenagers at Instituto Rec
Page 29 and 30: 2CHAPTER Young people typically exp
Page 31 and 32: 2CHAPTER Meanwhile, developed econo
Page 33 and 34: BOX 2.3. TRAINING AND SKILLS DEVELO
Page 35 and 36: 2CHAPTER vulnerable position than t
Page 37 and 38: IN SEARCH OF BENCHMARKS FOR QUALITY
Page 39 and 40: Internships linked to educational p
Page 41 and 42: and create more detailed guidelines
Page 43 and 44: Duration. The duration of an intern
Page 45 and 46: of the global jobs crisis on young
Page 47 and 48: Lain, David, and others. Evaluating
Page 49 and 50: BOX 2.5. YOUTH ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN
Page 51 and 52: Of equal importance are those assoc
Page 53: need to work together to improve en
Page 57 and 58: LABOUR MARKET TRENDS AMONG YOUNG WO
Page 59 and 60: membership for young workers is sim
Page 61 and 62: if they are to participate fully in
Page 63 and 64: 3 CHAPTER © UN Photo/ Paulo Filgue
Page 65 and 66: 3CHAPTER With the global youth popu
Page 67 and 68: 3CHAPTER NEGATIVE ENGAGEMENT When y
Page 69 and 70: YOUTH ELECTORAL PARTICIPATION James
Page 71 and 72: TABLE 3.1. POLITICAL PARTICIPATION
Page 73 and 74: FIGURE 3.2. PARTICIPATION IN ELECTO
Page 75 and 76: circumscribed political action have
Page 77 and 78: FIGURE 3.4. PARTICIPATION IN ISSUE-
Page 79 and 80: While many highly educated, relativ
Page 81 and 82: Blais, André. Political participat
Page 83 and 84: TRANSITIONS IN POWER: YOUNG PEOPLE'
Page 85 and 86: Young people in both Egypt and Tuni
Page 87 and 88: Five-Year Action Agenda. As the int
Page 89 and 90: concept remain cognizant of the his
Page 91 and 92: fraternity of believers, or of Neo-
Page 93 and 94: demagogues, gangs and violent crimi
Page 95 and 96: Address socioeconomic inequality. G
Page 97 and 98: crowdsourcing or peer production—
Page 99 and 100: and use an array of media activism
Page 101 and 102: against them. Several lampooning me
Page 103 and 104: it can pose risks to participants t
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Technologies and communities that o
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It is essential to look to the futu
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4CHAPTER
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4CHAPTER Involving youth—as colla
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4CHAPTER helping those “without
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BOX 4.2. BENEFITS OF YOUTH ENGAGEME
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CHAPTER BOX 4.3. APPROACHES TO PEAC
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4CHAPTER emotional development and
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RECONCEPTUALIZING YOUTH VOLUNTARISM
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Girl Guides. Youth volunteering pro
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young women and men. 233 Below is a
Page 127 and 128:
KEY CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES So
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themselves, their families and comm
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violence—structural, 249 cultural
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• Financial and material support
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other youth to engage civically thr
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Policymakers: • Policymakers shou
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YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN SPORT FOR DE
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BOX 4.6. SPORT AND THE ENGAGEMENT O
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Provide Funding and Infrastructure.
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5CHAPTER
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5CHAPTER YOUTH POLICYMAKING: LESSON
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RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ECONOMIC ENGAGE
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CHALLENGE POLITICAL APATHY AND EMPO
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TRANSITIONS IN POWER OPEN CHANNELS
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Youth should be developing digital
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PEACEBUILDING DEEPEN UNDERSTANDING
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ANNEX AUTHOR BIOGRAPHIES Chapter On
Page 161 and 162:
Perceptions and Behaviours of Young
Page 163 and 164:
A volunteer paints a fresco on a wa
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YOUTH CIVIC

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