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Kenyans with low income can in some cases walk by a clean water<br />

source and to the next which is polluted, just because they do not<br />

have the ability to pay. So all in all, water is a too expensive resource<br />

for many living in Kenya.<br />

There is a lot of organisations that try to work out solutions for<br />

the water crisis in Kenya. One examples is United States Agency<br />

for International Development, USAID 1 , which can also help<br />

entrepreneurs and businesses secure financing to expand water<br />

services to those in need. Through its Development Credit Authority,<br />

USAID shares risk, or guarantees loans from commercial banks like<br />

Kenya’s K-Rep Bank. For example, in 2012, USAID helped the Kisumu<br />

Water and Sewerage Co. In Western Kenya obtain a $240,000 loan<br />

from K-Rep Bank to fund water connections for 1,500 low-income<br />

households in Nyamasaria. The USAID-backed effort was the largest<br />

loan ever made by the bank to finance a water project.<br />

USAID is also encouraging other banks in Kenya to lend to the water<br />

sector. In October 2012, Kenya Commercial Bank, the largest bank<br />

in East Africa, signed a new loan guarantee with USAID to promote<br />

more private-sector projects to improve water access and quality,<br />

and is currently reviewing potential loans that could total $5.5 million<br />

over a 10-year activity.<br />

Other charity organisations builds wells for the communities, or helps<br />

bringing water in other ways. But most of them does not add any<br />

additional value, and does often not build an ecosystem around it.<br />

But it is of course good enough to just bring water, even though it<br />

does not create any additional jobs in the communities. To mention<br />

some you got ”The water project” 2 and ”Wells for schools”.<br />

CAN WATER METERS EASE KENYA’S SUPPLY WOES? 3<br />

It is estimated that by 2030 more than half of Africans will live in<br />

urban areas, but the percentage of urban residents with household<br />

water connections is actually falling. Urban utilities face aging<br />

infrastructure, growing demand and the challenges of reaching<br />

low-income populations, often in unplanned areas. The result is an<br />

increasing reliance on uncertain and unsafe supplies.<br />

Nakuru sits at the base of the Rift Valley and holds great agricultural<br />

and tourism potential. However, more than 40 percent of its<br />

population still lives below the poverty line, and economic pressures<br />

increase with the growing population.<br />

More than two-thirds of Nakuru’s residents—around 250,000<br />

people—live in large-scale informal settlements, relying on vendors<br />

to bring them 20-liter jerry cans of water for an average 6.3 Kenyan<br />

shillings, or roughly 7 cents. This amount of water typically lasts a<br />

person in the developing world two days—and has to cover drinking,<br />

washing and cooking. By contrast, the average North American uses<br />

400 litres of water a day. For an average household of five in Kenya,<br />

the weekly water routine involves buying and carrying more than 17<br />

cans of water; each of those cans weighs up to 20kg.<br />

1. https://www.usaid.gov/news-information/frontlines/water-neglected-tropical-diseases/can-watermeters-ease-kenyas-supply<br />

2. https://thewaterproject.org/<br />

3. https://www.usaid.gov/news-information/frontlines/water-neglected-tropical-diseases/can-watermeters-ease-kenyas-supply)<br />

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FinalReport3.indd 25 09/05/2016 10:01:59

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