Australia Yearbook - 2009-10

15–19 year olds employed as Clerical and
administrative workers (16% compared with 7%).
There are large gender differences in
occupations. Women were more likely than men
to be employed as Clerical and administrative
workers, Community and personal service
workers, and Sales workers. In contrast, men
were more likely than women to be employed as
Technicians and trades workers, Labourers, and
Machinery operators and drivers (graph 8.14). For
example, in 2008–09, 24% of men were employed
as Technicians and trades workers compared with
5% of women, while 26% of women were
employed as Clerical and administrative workers
compared with 7% of men. In the more
highly-skilled occupations, proportionally more
men were employed as Managers (15% compared
with 10% of women), while proportionally more
women were employed as Professionals
(24% compared with 19% of men).
Characteristics of employment
Working life in Australia continues to change.
There are more diverse employment
arrangements, greater flexibility in work patterns,
and more people working part time. This section
looks at the types of arrangements people are
employed under, and the hours they work.
Employment type
Employed people are classified to one of five
employment categories on the basis of their main
job, that is, the job in which they usually work the
most hours. When classifying people by
employment type, owner managers of
incorporated enterprises are distinguished from
other employees. The employment types are:
• employees (excluding owner managers of
incorporated enterprises) with paid leave
entitlements;
• employees (excluding owner managers of
incorporated enterprises) without paid leave
entitlements (a proxy for casual employment);
• owner managers of incorporated enterprises;
• owner managers of unincorporated
enterprises; and
• contributing family workers.
For more details see the article 'Changes in types
of employment' in Australian Labour Market
Statistics, October 2004 ( 6105.0).
Table 8.15 shows the proportion of employed
people by employment type. Of the 10.5 million
employed people at August 2008, over three-fifths
(63%) were employees with paid leave
entitlements and 20% were employees without
paid leave entitlements. A further 11% were
owner managers of unincorporated enterprises
and 6% were owner managers of incorporated
enterprises.
The proportion of employed people who worked
as employees with paid leave entitlements was
similar for men and women (64% and 63%
respectively). However, a higher proportion of
women were employees without paid leave
entitlements than men (25% and 16%
respectively) reflecting the fact that women are
more likely to work part time than men, and that
part-time work is more closely associated with
casual employment. A higher proportion of men
were owner managers compared with women
(20% and 12% respectively).
The proportion of employees with paid leave
entitlements declined slightly between 1994 and
2004 (from 61% to 59% of employed persons).
However, since 2004 the proportion of
Males
Females
Persons
Employees
with paid leave
entitlements(a)
8.15 EMPLOYED PERSONS, By employment type—August 2008
%
63.6
62.7
63.2
Employees
without
paid leave
entitlements(a)
%
16.0
24.8
20.0
Owner
managers of
incorporated
enterprises
%
7.2
4.0
5.7
Owner
managers of
unincorporated
enterprises
%
13.0
8.3
10.9
Contributing
family
workers
%
0.2
0.3
0.2
Total
'000
5 705.0
4 767.5
10 472.5
(a)
Excluding owner managers of incorporated enterprises.
Source: Australian Labour Market Statistics, Datacubes,Table 2
(6105.0).
242 Year Book Australia 2009–10