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Fiber optic communication is used not only for its speed, but also because it is immune to the EMI that may be present, especially in the event of an electrical fault. This criterion minimizes the risk of severe injury to persons by impact from doors, covers, etc. and ensures a minimum level of protection for persons against accidental contact with hazardous live parts. 2. No parts of the assembly are ejected that have a mass of more than 60 g except those that are dislodged and fall between the assembly and the indicators. This minimizes the risk to persons from ejecta. By using the ABB System pro E power switchboard solution and the Arc Guard System, the danger of arc flash can be reduced to a minimum. 3. Arcing does not cause holes to develop in the external parts of the enclosure below 2 m, at the sides declared to be accessible, as a result of burning or other effects. This mini - mizes the risk of severe injury to per - sons by direct burning from the arc. 4. The indicators do not ignite (indicators ignited as a result of paint or stickers burning are excluded from this assessment). 5. The protective circuit for the accessible part of the enclosure is still effective in accordance with IEC 61439-2. 6. The assembly is capable of confining the arc to the defined area where it was initiated, and there is no propagation of the arc to other areas within the assembly. Effects of hot gases and sooting on adjacent units other than the unit under test are acceptable, as long as only cleaning is necessary. 7. After the clearing of the fault, or after isolation or disassembly of the affected functional units in the defined area, emergency operation of the remaining assembly is possible. This is verified by a dielectric test according to IEC 61439-2:2011, 10.9.2, but with a test voltage of 1.5 times the rated operational voltage for 1 min. Bending or bowing of doors and covers of the unit under test and adjacent units is acceptable providing the unit can be readily restored to a minimum level of protection in accordance with IPXXB of IEC 60529. With the exception of the tested zone as declared by the manufacturer, all other units should remain fully operable both mechanically and electrically and remain essentially in the same condition as before the test. Personnel protection is achieved when the criteria 1 to 5, above, are fulfilled; personnel and assembly protection is achieved when criteria 1 to 6 are fulfilled; and personnel and assembly protection with limited operation capability is achieved when criteria 1 to 7 are fulfilled. System pro E power is ABB’s main distribution switchboard solution. With rated current up to 6,300 A and short-circuit current up to 120 kA, System pro E power complies with the test requirements IEC TR 61641. In the official language of IEC TR 61641, ABB’s System pro E power has arcing class B classification, ie, under arcing conditions, criteria 1 to 6 are fulfilled. The addition of the TVOC-2 Arc Guard allows all criteria up to and including 7 to be achieved. Arc flashes pose a serious hazard to personnel and equipment in electrical installations. However, using a well-designed and well-tested switchboard solution such as the ABB System pro E power, and a fast and effective arc mitigation product such as the Arc Guard System, the danger of arc flash can be reduced to a minimum. Pavlo Tkachenko ABB Electrification Products Bergamo, Italy pavlo.tkachenko@it.abb.com Andreas von Lako ABB Electrification Products Västerås, Sweden andreas.von-lako@se.abb.com 66 ABB <strong>review</strong> 4|16
Mirror effect Switching the subject A look at recent advances in IGCT technologies for high-power electronics UMAMAHESWARA VEMULAPATI, MUNAF RAHIMO, MARTIN ARNOLD, TOBIAS WIKSTRÖM, JAN VOBECKY, BJÖRN BACKLUND, THOMAS STIASNY – In the mid-1990s, ABB introduced a new member of the power electronics family – the integrated-gate commutated thyristor (IGCT). Like the gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) from which it evolved, the IGCT is a fully controllable semiconductor switch that can handle the high currents and voltages prevalent in high-power electronics applications. The IGCT has a better performance than the GTO regarding turn-off time, size, the degree of integration, power density, etc. and this superiority has helped it become the device of choice for industrial medium-voltage drives (MVDs). It has also found use in many other applications such as wind-power conversion, STATCOMs and interties. IGCT technology development has made rapid progress over the past decade. Switching the subject 67
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Contents Transportation focus Event
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Editorial 5
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sions standards for particulate mat
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64 ABB review 4|13 BRUCE WARNER, OL
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6 Simple representation of an elect
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Green park Krka National Park, Croa
Page 15 and 16: 2 Krka NP is 18km north of the olde
Page 17 and 18: For most manufacturers, the develop
Page 19 and 20: 5 BBC three-phase AC locomotive of
Page 21 and 22: 8 SBB Crocodile Ce 6/8 built by MFO
Page 23 and 24: 11 ASEA type Ra bogie locomotive of
Page 25 and 26: Weight loss program ABB’s Effilig
Page 27 and 28: 2 Expanded product view of how the
Page 29 and 30: 6 Effilight is suitable for all the
Page 31 and 32: Efficiency that climbs mountains 31
Page 33 and 34: 2 One of the Allegra trains was spe
Page 35 and 36: Peak power ABB’s ZX0 medium-volta
Page 37 and 38: 2 Inter-tunnel passageway. ZX0 GIS
Page 39 and 40: 5 BVNZ strain relief fittings and V
Page 41 and 42: Record breaker 41
Page 43 and 44: 1 Icebreakers have to have powerful
Page 45 and 46: ABB is building on this operational
Page 47 and 48: 3 Fleet details The tool provides r
Page 49 and 50: Automation & Power World 2017 Conne
Page 51 and 52: Loss prophet Predicting stray losse
Page 53 and 54: 2 Magnetic shielding of the tank fr
Page 55 and 56: 6 Temperature distribution for tank
Page 57 and 58: Wind protection Low-voltage switchi
Page 59 and 60: 2 Requirements for switching/protec
Page 61 and 62: 4 Requirements for switching and pr
Page 63 and 64: Arc angel Arc flash prevention meas
Page 65: 2 The system can be equipped with m
Page 69 and 70: 2 IGCT development trends for achie
Page 71 and 72: 6 150 mm, 4.5 kV RC-IGCT and its me
Page 73 and 74: 1 Project participants Growing pene
Page 75 and 76: 3 Standard RTU module First results
Page 77 and 78: 5 The event interface allows the op
Page 79 and 80: Cloud robotics Smart robots leverag
Page 81 and 82: 2 A scalable collaboration platform
Page 83 and 84: The proposed cloud layer in the arc
Page 85 and 86: The high cost of and strong relianc
Page 87 and 88: 2 ABB’s Trio string inverter is s
Page 89 and 90: Editorial Board Bazmi Husain Chief
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