DESCRIPTIONS OF MEDICAL FUNGI

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Descriptions of Medical Fungi
PREFACE
Frequently used molecular targets for species identification are outlined below:
ITS
D1/D2
β-tubulin
Molecular Target
Internal transcribed spacer
regions (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2)
D1/D2 variable domains of
the 28S rDNA gene
Beta tubulin II
Application
Species level identification of wide
range of fungi
Species identification of many of the
Mucorales
Accurate species resolution of
Aspergillus.
Cal Calmodulin Species discrimination of Alternaria.
EF-1α
RPB1
RPB2
ACT
GPDH
Elongation factor alpha
subunit
RNA polymerase I subunit
RNA polymerase II subunit
Actin
Glycerol-3-phosphate
dehydrogenase
Species complex identification of
Fusarium.
Species complex identification within
genera of Fusarium, Penicillium and
Talaromyces.
Species discrimination of Aspergillus,
Cladosporium, Coniochaeta, Verticillium,
Verruconis.
Species discrimination of Bipolaris,
Curvularia, Verticillium.
CHS Chitin synthase Species discrimination of Sporothrix
Chi18-5 Chitinase 18-5 Species discrimination of Trichoderma
Antifungal Susceptibility: For many species, antifungal susceptibility data has also
been provided. This has been derived from both the literature and data from Australian
clinical isolates generated by using the CLSI M27-A Standard for yeasts and the CLSI
M38-A Standard for moulds. This composite data is provided as a guide only. In many
cases the clinical relevance of in vitro antifungal susceptibility results remains difficult
to interpret, and expert advice from a consulting microbiologist or infectious disease
specialist may be required.
CLSI M27-S4 clinical breakpoints are marked where available (green for susceptible,
yellow for susceptible dose dependant or intermediate, red for resistant).
Abbreviations: Amphotericin B (AmB), Fluconazole (FLU), Itraconazole (ITRA),
Posaconazole (POSA), Voriconazole (VORI), Anidulafungin (ANID), Caspofungin
(CAS), Micafungin (MICA), 5-Fluorocytosine (5FC), Terbinafine (TERB).
Risk group (RG) recommendations are based on published data and on current
definitions in accordance with the Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS
2243.3:2010. Safety in laboratories Part 3: Microbiological safety and containment.
Note: International biosafety guidelines vary in their RG ratings of fungal species.