Powering Freight & Transportation - Power Systems Design

16
Optimized Power Processing
and Energy Efficiency
By Oleg Khaykin, President and Chief Executive Officer, International Rectifier
Power management plays a key
role in enabling energy efficiency
advancements in the vast number
of products that we depend on as we
go about our daily lives. However, it’s a
term that has been misused by companies
looking to gain traction with Internet
keywords optimized for Google and Yahoo
searches as they seek to exploit the
growing buzz around saving the world’s
dwindling energy reserves.
So what exactly is power management?
It is power sequencing or communication
and in some cases, regulation,
and it is the first link in the power
processing chain. To achieve real power
savings in a system, the integration of
multiple components is required that
encompasses both the power management
and the power conversion stages.
When you combine load-centric
power conversion with system-centric
power management, you have a better
chance of improving efficiency within an
application. This is the essence of optimized
power processing. The result is
longer battery life, fewer kilowatt hours
when your notebook is plugged into the
wall, or more functionality from your cell
phone because each component is being
managed more efficiently.
The opportunity to save energy using
this approach is enormous. Take the data
center as an example. Information about
the power load needs to be combined
with information going on at the board level,
inside the server rack and in the entire
room to maximize efficiency. This doesn’t
happen when components aren’t integrated
effectively, and with data centers now
consuming as much as 3 percent of all
power, there is growing pressure to curb
their energy consumption.
more than 80 percent of these motors
are wastefully controlled electro-mechanically.
Designs are moving towards
variable-speed permanent magnet motors
that are smaller, lighter and lower
cost, and as long as you have a good
control technique, permanent magnet
inverterized motor control can achieve
95 percent efficiency by co-designing
the power train and the driver, and an
algorithm to control them.
This all points back to power processing
and engineers are forced into making
tradeoffs between higher efficiency and
maximum cost-effectiveness, or to deliver
efficiency and density at a higher price.
These issues can be solved by providing
complete solutions from switch to
drive scheme to power management.
Matching and optimizing digital and
analog control with power stage components,
and integrating them with new
packaging technologies will continue
to increase the power density with less
wasted energy while simultaneously reducing
system size, complexity and cost.
others, new materials are needed. As a
market leader, it is natural for IR to pursue
opportunities for advancing power
conversion technology by leveraging the
company’s 60-year heritage in power
conversion expertise in AC-DC converters,
DC-DC converters, motor drives
and lighting systems.
The advent of GaN on Silicon epitaxial
technology together with the ability to
develop a process that is compatible
with IR’s silicon manufacturing facilities
allows IR to offer customers commercially
viable products using GaN-based
power devices.
These devices can provide customers
with improvements in key applicationspecific
figures of merit (FOM) of up to a
factor of ten compared to state-of-theart
silicon-based technology platforms,
dramatically increasing performance
and cutting energy consumption in end
applications in market segments including
computing and communications,
automotive and appliances.
GaN-based power devices will eventually
be used in most of the same applications
as current silicon-based power
devices, as well as new applications currently
not possible with silicon devices.
These applications will evolve over the
coming decades, as GaN-based power
devices replace silicon based power
devices as the technology platform of
choice. Early adopters will be market
segments and applications that take full
advantage of the revolutionary capability
of transforming the value realization of
the key features of power density, power
conversion efficiency and cost.
All of these innovations are geared
toward achieving more functionality using
significantly less power—and a sharp
reduction in the number of buzzwords
needed to accomplish it.
Electric motors present another
golden opportunity. Consuming over In some cases, new techniques are
50 percent of the world’s electricity, required for building components and in
www.irf.com
Power Systems Design October 2008
© 2008, National Semiconductor Corporation. National Semiconductor, , and PowerWise are registered trademarks. All rights reserved.
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