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greening and ‘blueing’<br />
public spaces for local<br />
retention of water; climate<br />
proofing buildings and<br />
transport infrastructure;<br />
and generally integrating<br />
adaptation concerns into<br />
other policy areas, including<br />
community regeneration.<br />
All impacts and potential<br />
adaptation responses related<br />
to cloudburst were analysed<br />
in cost-benefit analyses<br />
(CBA) by the municipality.<br />
Additionally, Danish Board of<br />
Technology (DBT) carried<br />
through an analysis of the<br />
additional and more intangible<br />
costs and benefits of<br />
climate change and adaptation,<br />
as limitations didn’t<br />
allow the municipality to<br />
include all costs and benefits<br />
in the CBA.<br />
The People and<br />
Institutions<br />
involved<br />
The Adaptation and Cloudburst<br />
Plans and accompanying<br />
measures aim to establish<br />
the co-sharing of<br />
adaptation between citizens<br />
and other private actors.<br />
The majority of relevant<br />
information is available at<br />
the city homepage for free,<br />
and the Technical and<br />
Environmental Administration<br />
also offers assistance.<br />
The city administration<br />
has furthermore included<br />
HOFOR, the regional water<br />
company, and invited local<br />
business and clean tech<br />
companies to develop local<br />
solutions as a way to<br />
concomitantly stimulate<br />
green growth and make use<br />
of local business expertise.<br />
The planning concerning<br />
storm-surge adaptation is at<br />
an early stage, which allowed<br />
DBT, in cooperation with the<br />
municipality, to organise and<br />
carry through a number of<br />
participatory events and<br />
workshops, one based on a<br />
multi-criteria analysis<br />
exercise with stakeholders,<br />
concerning four main<br />
themes: new climatic data,<br />
financial and funding aspects<br />
of adaption, legal constraints<br />
and, finally, adaptation<br />
options for Copenhagen<br />
regarding storm-surge<br />
protection. This involved a<br />
wide array of stakeholders<br />
and citizen group representatives,<br />
in order to open up for<br />
the many different opinions<br />
and concerns, which are a<br />
reality with so many stakeholders<br />
involved in the future<br />
development of Copenhagen’s<br />
port and sea-side.<br />
Adaptation<br />
to storm-surges<br />
in Denmark:<br />
Who pays?<br />
Photos: Jørgen Madsen<br />
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