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greening and ‘blueing’<br />

public spaces for local<br />

retention of water; climate<br />

proofing buildings and<br />

transport infrastructure;<br />

and generally integrating<br />

adaptation concerns into<br />

other policy areas, including<br />

community regeneration.<br />

All impacts and potential<br />

adaptation responses related<br />

to cloudburst were analysed<br />

in cost-benefit analyses<br />

(CBA) by the municipality.<br />

Additionally, Danish Board of<br />

Technology (DBT) carried<br />

through an analysis of the<br />

additional and more intangible<br />

costs and benefits of<br />

climate change and adaptation,<br />

as limitations didn’t<br />

allow the municipality to<br />

include all costs and benefits<br />

in the CBA.<br />

The People and<br />

Institutions<br />

involved<br />

The Adaptation and Cloudburst<br />

Plans and accompanying<br />

measures aim to establish<br />

the co-sharing of<br />

adaptation between citizens<br />

and other private actors.<br />

The majority of relevant<br />

information is available at<br />

the city homepage for free,<br />

and the Technical and<br />

Environmental Administration<br />

also offers assistance.<br />

The city administration<br />

has furthermore included<br />

HOFOR, the regional water<br />

company, and invited local<br />

business and clean tech<br />

companies to develop local<br />

solutions as a way to<br />

concomitantly stimulate<br />

green growth and make use<br />

of local business expertise.<br />

The planning concerning<br />

storm-surge adaptation is at<br />

an early stage, which allowed<br />

DBT, in cooperation with the<br />

municipality, to organise and<br />

carry through a number of<br />

participatory events and<br />

workshops, one based on a<br />

multi-criteria analysis<br />

exercise with stakeholders,<br />

concerning four main<br />

themes: new climatic data,<br />

financial and funding aspects<br />

of adaption, legal constraints<br />

and, finally, adaptation<br />

options for Copenhagen<br />

regarding storm-surge<br />

protection. This involved a<br />

wide array of stakeholders<br />

and citizen group representatives,<br />

in order to open up for<br />

the many different opinions<br />

and concerns, which are a<br />

reality with so many stakeholders<br />

involved in the future<br />

development of Copenhagen’s<br />

port and sea-side.<br />

Adaptation<br />

to storm-surges<br />

in Denmark:<br />

Who pays?<br />

Photos: Jørgen Madsen<br />

85

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