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C. More information about the reservoir is as<br />

fol<strong>low</strong>:<br />

• Carbonate field with large water production<br />

~95% watercut<br />

• Short well distances<br />

• Water cycled<br />

• Residual saturation also known from cores to<br />

be about 25%<br />

In the Lagrave case the six new tracers yielded<br />

a saturation of 24 +/- 1 %, based on retention<br />

times, which corresponds very well to saturation<br />

measurements on core samples.<br />

Figure 7: The pilot area in the Lagrave field<br />

Figure 8: Research status prior to the Lagrave pilot: 6<br />

Partitioning tracers qualified and ready for pilot field<br />

experiments<br />

Conclusion from Lagrave pilot:<br />

• Six tracers have been qualified in laboratory<br />

and field test.<br />

• Field pilot confirms the applicability of the<br />

tracers<br />

• Partitioning tracers can be used to estimate oil<br />

saturation in the inter well region<br />

Figure 9: Saturation from PITT in Lagrave<br />

Conclusion<br />

Taking advantages of tracer technology, it could<br />

be categorized in three sub division: tracer<br />

applications in well construction, piloting and full<br />

field monitoring of EOR projects. Tracer is one<br />

of the most cost-saving and effective techniques<br />

enabling to increase confidence on operations<br />

which are under performing. Generally speaking,<br />

tracers are usable in monitoring most fluid<br />

conduits which are necessary to be controlled.<br />

Tracers are designed to be used during the entire<br />

life cycle of a reservoir from natural depletion<br />

to IOR and EOR where tracers can be added into<br />

injected fluids. Piloting any types of EOR methods,<br />

tracers are providing valuable information on<br />

well connectivity and describing the dynamics of<br />

complex formations, including fractures, faults<br />

and channels, which can be resulted in a better<br />

or optimized drainage strategy from a reservoir<br />

leading to better sweep efficiency.<br />

Tracer has also been widely used by several<br />

operators to measure residual oil saturation in<br />

secondary production (i.e. water flooding) as<br />

well as tertiary production (i.e. <strong>low</strong> salinity water<br />

flooding and surfactant), and results have helped<br />

companies to make a better decision for the<br />

future of the EOR projects.<br />

References<br />

www.chemicalfloodingtechnologies.com/<br />

products-services/inter-well-tracer-test.<br />

Zemel, B., Tracers in the oil field. Vol. 43. 1995:<br />

Elsevier.<br />

Kutsovsky, Y., et al., Dispersion of paramagnetic<br />

tracers in bead packs by T1 mapping:<br />

experiments and simulations. Magnetic<br />

resonance imaging, 1996. 14(7-8): p. 833-839.<br />

Al-Dolaimi, A., et al. Evaluating Tracer Response<br />

of Waterflood Five-Spot Pilot: Dukhan Field,<br />

Qatar. in Middle East Oil Show. 1989. Society of<br />

Petroleum Engineers.<br />

Rogde, S. Interpretation of Radioactive<br />

tracer observations in the Gullfaks field. in<br />

International Energy Agency Symposium on<br />

Reservoir Engineering, Paris, France. 1990.<br />

Skilbrei, O., L. Hallenbeck, and J. Sylte.<br />

Comparison and analysis of radioactive tracer<br />

injection response with chemical water analysis<br />

into the Ekofisk formation pilot waterflood.<br />

in SPE Annual Technical Conference and<br />

Exhibition. 1990. Society of Petroleum<br />

Engineers.<br />

Asadi, M. and G.M. Shook. Application of<br />

chemical tracers in IOR: a case history. in North<br />

Africa Technical Conference and Exhibition.<br />

2010. Society of Petroleum Engineers.<br />

Brigham, W.E. and M. Abbaszadeh-Dehghani,<br />

Tracer testing for reservoir description. Journal<br />

of petroleum technology, 1987. 39(05): p. 519-<br />

527.<br />

Viig, S.O., et al. Application of a new class of<br />

chemical tracers to measure oil saturation<br />

in partitioning interwell tracer tests. in SPE<br />

International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry.<br />

2013. Society of Petroleum Engineers.<br />

www.chemicalfloodingtechnologies.com/<br />

products-services/single-well-tracer-test.<br />

Tomich, J. F., Dalton Jr, R. L., Deans, H. A., &<br />

Shallenberger, L. K. (1973). Single-well tracer<br />

method to measure residual oil saturation.<br />

Journal of Petroleum Technology, 25(02), 211-<br />

218.<br />

Cooke Jr, C. E. (1971). Method of determining<br />

residual oil saturation in reservoirs. us Patent,<br />

3.<br />

Goswick, R.A. and J.L. LaRue. Utilizing oil<br />

soluble tracers to understand stimulation<br />

efficiency along the lateral. in SPE Annual<br />

Technical Conference and Exhibition. 2014.<br />

Society of Petroleum Engineers.<br />

Huseby, O.K., et al., Improved understanding<br />

of reservoir fluid dynamics in the North Sea<br />

Snorre field by combining tracers, 4D seismic,<br />

and production data. SPE Reservoir Evaluation<br />

& Engineering, 2008. 11(04): p. 768-777.<br />

Chatzichristos, C., et al. Application of<br />

partitioning tracers for remaining oil saturation<br />

estimation: an experimental and numerical<br />

study. in SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery<br />

Symposium. 2000. Society of Petroleum<br />

Engineers.<br />

62 OIL INNOVATORS International Journal MAR. 2018 63

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