Minder Bekende, Skoon, Lae Koste, Oorvloedige Energietegnologieë en Verwante Toepassings wat die Wêreld sou Verander./ Less Known, Clean, Low Cost, Abundant Energy Technologies & Related Game Changing Applications.
Ekologiese Vriendelike, Ekonomiese, Hoë Doeltreffende Energie Skoon tegnologie vir die Toekoms(Opsomming in Afrikaans)./ Environmentally Friendly, Highly Efficient Energy Generation Technologies for the Future. sleutelwoorde: omgewing, abrupte klimaatsverandering, koolstof-sekwestrasie, bebossing, alternatiewe energie, verenigde nasies, menslike biobrandstowwe, biosfeer, swart koolstof-aerosol, koolsiklus, koolstofvoetafdruk, koolstofopname, klimaatmodel, klimaat sensitiwiteit, koraal bleik, ontbossing, woestynvorming, kweekhuiseffek, GHG, Kyoto-protokol, Mitigasie, omgewingswetenskap, omgewingsbeskerming, omgewingsingenieurswese, omgewingskanada, omgewingskwessies,
Ekologiese Vriendelike, Ekonomiese, Hoë Doeltreffende Energie Skoon tegnologie vir die Toekoms(Opsomming in Afrikaans)./ Environmentally Friendly, Highly Efficient Energy Generation Technologies for the Future.
sleutelwoorde:
omgewing, abrupte klimaatsverandering, koolstof-sekwestrasie, bebossing, alternatiewe energie, verenigde nasies, menslike biobrandstowwe, biosfeer, swart koolstof-aerosol, koolsiklus, koolstofvoetafdruk, koolstofopname, klimaatmodel, klimaat sensitiwiteit, koraal bleik, ontbossing, woestynvorming, kweekhuiseffek, GHG, Kyoto-protokol, Mitigasie, omgewingswetenskap, omgewingsbeskerming, omgewingsingenieurswese, omgewingskanada, omgewingskwessies,
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<strong>Energy</strong> From Vast Biomass 11, Wood Torrefaction<br />
• -->cont: •1FOREST :<br />
• 1h Torrefaction: Torrefied Pellets/BioCoal: <strong>Low</strong>er temp 200-300°C range<br />
oxyg<strong>en</strong>-less process of dry material with final product with 70% of original mass<br />
with 90% of <strong>en</strong>ergy pot<strong>en</strong>tial retained in compressed form: increase per volume<br />
heat capacity, hydrophobic (nonhygroscopic), overall lower cost than pellets per<br />
<strong>en</strong>ergy produced as delivered.<br />
• Also various other b<strong>en</strong>efits(eg easy grinding for co-feeding with coal, less<br />
abrasion of <strong>en</strong>gine if used as coal <strong>wat</strong>er slurry fuel than conv<strong>en</strong>tional coal etc),<br />
some bio-binder pretreatm<strong>en</strong>t & palletizing before heat processing g<strong>en</strong>erally has<br />
better quality.<br />
• Not as economically disruptive as 2nd G<strong>en</strong> bioethanol due to solid nature.<br />
Longer pres<strong>en</strong>ce in Western Europe, particularly in Netherlands(Blackwood<br />
Technology, Torrcoal+), Other nations(Arbaflame, Arigna Biofuels, Torrec+),<br />
Euro Major's participation(ANDRITZ, AREVA+), Largest producers are in US with<br />
over 200,000ton/yr capacity(Zilkha Biomass, New Biomass <strong>Energy</strong>), but<br />
g<strong>en</strong>erally North America operations have newer participation with same level<br />
production cap. as Europe(Diacarbon, Airex <strong>Energy</strong>, Solvay Biomass), Some<br />
claim no indoor storage needs for rain(Arbaflame, HM3 <strong>Energy</strong>+), non western<br />
producers are rare(BioWindbell Technology+)<br />
linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -B<strong>en</strong> Rusuisiak: Specialty <strong>Clean</strong>tech Analysis, Vancouver, Canada<br />
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