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The production capacity of intercropped model of maize (Zea mays) with black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)

A study was conducted to investigate the intercropping of legumes with cereals in different space as an approach to improve the soil nutrient content, the forage quality and the yield of cereals. Black locust was cultivated alone and intercropped with maize as follows: 2 rows maize to 2 rows Black locust (2M2R), 2 rows maize to 4 rows Black locust (2M4R), 2 rows maize to 6 rows Black locust (2M6R); 4 rows maize to 2 rows Black locust (4M2R), 4 rows maize to 4 rows Black locust (4M4R), 4 rows maize to 6 rows Black locust (4M6R) and 6 rows maize to 2 rows Black locust (6M2R), 6 rows maize to 4 rows Black locust (6M4R), 6 rows maize to 6 rows Black locust (6M6R).The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three treatments and three replications. The results indicated significant increase of soil available phosphorus and soil organic matter in 2017 at harvest, while soil total nitrogen and soil available potassium decreased. However, total nitrogen and organic matter were higher in black locust leaves, black locust stems and maize stem. Low maize yield were founded in the major part of treatments while the highest biomass was founded in plants stem diameter. An increase is observed in maize and black locust height. Significant differences were founded in the character of black locust stem basal diameter. Also, significant differences in Chlorophyll concentration and WUE were observed.

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Int. J. Agron. Agri. R.

2017

Nutrient M2R2 M2R4 M2R6 M4R2 M4R4 M4R6

TN 12.89±0.43 12.74±0.43 15.50±0.43 13.16±0.43 12.06±0.43 15.11±0.43

Robinia AP 0.89±0.08 0.65±0.08 0.48±0.08 0.81±0.08 0.29±0.08 0.21±0.08

leaves OM 21.84±1.31 22.63±1.31 20.67±1.31 13.98±1.31 11.92±1.31 14.23±1.31

AK 27.74±0.40 27.34±0.26 27.03±0.12 27.42±0.28 27.11±0.22 27.95±0.25

TN 5.24±0.22 5.76±0.22 5.62±0.22 5.20±0.22 5.04±0.22 5.88±0.22

Robinia AP 0.21±0.08 0.25±0.08 0.16±0.08 0.19±0.08 0.29±0.08 0.68±0.08

stems OM 12.65±0.26 12.92±0.26 11.14±0.26 11.85±0.26 13.10±0.26 13.61±0.26

AK 27.26±0.40 27.87±0.26 27.63±0.12 27.63±0.28 27.63±0.22 27.95±0.25

TN 7.03±0.32 8.28±0.32 7.99±0.32 8.96±0.32 7.41±0.32 8.19±0.32

Maize AP 0.45±0.08 0.24±0.08 0.58±0.08 0.61±0.08 0.27±0.08 0.33±0.08

leaves OM 12.94±1.27 11.97±1.27 11.59±1.27 12.58±1.27 12.51±1.27 12.32±1.27

AK 27.24±0.40 276.87± 27.48±0.12 27.93±0.28 27.24±0.22 27.48±0.25

TN 2.66±0.28 2.95±0.28 2.53±0.28 1.75±0.28 1.07±0.28 2.83±0.28

Maize AP 0.61±0.07 0.46±0.07 0.17±0.07 0.54±0.07 0.36±0.07 0.57±0.07

stems OM 12.25±0.22 11.61±0.22 11.44±0.22 10.48±0.22 12.62±0.22 11.68±0.22

AK 27.77±0.40 27.48±0.26 27.32±0.12 27.16±0.28 27.24±0.22 27.69±0.25

Continued

Nutrient M6R2 M6R4 M6R6 SR

TN 16.31±0.43 13.79±0.43 13.71±0.43 14.91±0.43

Robinia AP 0.17±0.08 0.19±0.08 0.24±0.08 0.22±0.08

leaves OM 12.62±1.31 12.79±1.31 14.57±1.31 13.02±1.31

AK 27.19±0.22 27.79±0.21 27.87±0.23 27.48±0.16

TN 6.02±0.22 4.71±0.22 4.17±0.22 6.73±0.22

Robinia AP 0.87±0.08 0.72±0.08 0.28±0.08 0.26±0.08

stems OM 12.83±0.26 13.17±0.26 14.14±0.26 12.83±0.26

AK 27.08±0.22 27.71±0.21 27.56±0.23 27.16±0.16

TN 9.56±0.32 10.04±0.32 8.11±0.32

Maize AP 0.41±0.08 0.96±0.08 0.86±0.08

leaves OM 23.81±1.27 12.42±1.27 12.84±1.27

AK 27.00±0.22 27.32±0.21 27.40±0.23

TN 2.99±0.28 2.83±0.28 4.13± 0.28

Maize AP 0.81±0.07 0.81±0.07 0.75±0.07

stems OM 10.93±0.22 10.90±0.22 11.21±0.22

AK 276.16±0.22 27.85±0.21 27.85±0.23

TN, AP, AK and OM refer to total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter,

respectively.

Plant chemical properties

Black locust is a deciduous legume species which

increase nitrogen concentrations and storage in

leaves and soil. Concentrations of N, P, K and OM in

all the treatments under intercropped maize with

black locust are shown in Table 4. In 2016, the

concentrations of total nitrogen and available

phosphorus were higher in maize leaves than in maize

stem, black locust leaves and black locust stems, with

treatment M2R6 displaying the highest

Wansim et al. Page 54

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Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. Correlation coefficients between soil properties Results of correlation analysis among soil chemical properties at sowing and harvest are shown in Table 3. In 2016, the soil collected at sowing showed significant and positive correlations between TN with pH (P < 0.01) and OM (P

Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. 2017 Nutrient M2R2 M2R4 M2R6 M4R2 M4R4 M4R6 TN 12.89±0.43 12.74±0.43 15.50±0.43 13.16±0.43 12.06±0.43 15.11±0.43 Robinia AP 0.89±0.08 0.65±0.08 0.48±0.08 0.81±0.08 0.29±0.08 0.21±0.08 leaves OM 21.84±1.31 22.63±1.31 20.67±1.31 13.98±1.31 11.92±1.31 14.23±1.31 AK 27.74±0.40 27.34±0.26 27.03±0.12 27.42±0.28 27.11±0.22 27.95±0.25 TN 5.24±0.22 5.76±0.22 5.62±0.22 5.20±0.22 5.04±0.22 5.88±0.22 Robinia AP 0.21±0.08 0.25±0.08 0.16±0.08 0.19±0.08 0.29±0.08 0.68±0.08 stems OM 12.65±0.26 12.92±0.26 11.14±0.26 11.85±0.26 13.10±0.26 13.61±0.26 AK 27.26±0.40 27.87±0.26 27.63±0.12 27.63±0.28 27.63±0.22 27.95±0.25 TN 7.03±0.32 8.28±0.32 7.99±0.32 8.96±0.32 7.41±0.32 8.19±0.32 Maize AP 0.45±0.08 0.24±0.08 0.58±0.08 0.61±0.08 0.27±0.08 0.33±0.08 leaves OM 12.94±1.27 11.97±1.27 11.59±1.27 12.58±1.27 12.51±1.27 12.32±1.27 AK 27.24±0.40 276.87± 27.48±0.12 27.93±0.28 27.24±0.22 27.48±0.25 TN 2.66±0.28 2.95±0.28 2.53±0.28 1.75±0.28 1.07±0.28 2.83±0.28 Maize AP 0.61±0.07 0.46±0.07 0.17±0.07 0.54±0.07 0.36±0.07 0.57±0.07 stems OM 12.25±0.22 11.61±0.22 11.44±0.22 10.48±0.22 12.62±0.22 11.68±0.22 AK 27.77±0.40 27.48±0.26 27.32±0.12 27.16±0.28 27.24±0.22 27.69±0.25 Continued Nutrient M6R2 M6R4 M6R6 SR TN 16.31±0.43 13.79±0.43 13.71±0.43 14.91±0.43 Robinia AP 0.17±0.08 0.19±0.08 0.24±0.08 0.22±0.08 leaves OM 12.62±1.31 12.79±1.31 14.57±1.31 13.02±1.31 AK 27.19±0.22 27.79±0.21 27.87±0.23 27.48±0.16 TN 6.02±0.22 4.71±0.22 4.17±0.22 6.73±0.22 Robinia AP 0.87±0.08 0.72±0.08 0.28±0.08 0.26±0.08 stems OM 12.83±0.26 13.17±0.26 14.14±0.26 12.83±0.26 AK 27.08±0.22 27.71±0.21 27.56±0.23 27.16±0.16 TN 9.56±0.32 10.04±0.32 8.11±0.32 Maize AP 0.41±0.08 0.96±0.08 0.86±0.08 leaves OM 23.81±1.27 12.42±1.27 12.84±1.27 AK 27.00±0.22 27.32±0.21 27.40±0.23 TN 2.99±0.28 2.83±0.28 4.13± 0.28 Maize AP 0.81±0.07 0.81±0.07 0.75±0.07 stems OM 10.93±0.22 10.90±0.22 11.21±0.22 AK 276.16±0.22 27.85±0.21 27.85±0.23 TN, AP, AK and OM refer to total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter, respectively. Plant chemical properties Black locust is a deciduous legume species which increase nitrogen concentrations and storage in leaves and soil. Concentrations of N, P, K and OM in all the treatments under intercropped maize with black locust are shown in Table 4. In 2016, the concentrations of total nitrogen and available phosphorus were higher in maize leaves than in maize stem, black locust leaves and black locust stems, with treatment M2R6 displaying the highest Wansim et al. Page 54

Page 1 and 2: Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. RESEARCH PA
Page 3 and 4: Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. (4M4R), 4 r
Page 5 and 6: Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. Table 2. So
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Page 11 and 12: Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. Total N 1 A
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Page 19 and 20: Int. J. Agron. Agri. R. Adeoye GO,
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The production capacity of intercropped model of maize (Zea mays) with black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)

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