UJ#5 Paracas

BETWEEN PARACAS AND NASCA
INVESTMENT ALONG THE SOUTHERN COAST
NATURAL RESERVE OF LIFE
PARACAS
SPECIAL: ARCHAEOLOGY IN PERU
Interview with Andrés Álvarez Calderón,
Executive Director of the Larco Museum
/1

CRAFTING MAGNIFICENT
EXPERIENCES IN PERU
ONE GUEST AT A TIME

Unique clay and rock formation on Peru’s Pacific Coast, reachable only at low tide.
limatours.com.pe
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/limatoursperu

ÍNDEX
GENERAL DIRECTOR, ULTIMATE JOURNEYS
EDUARDO PEDRAZA
DIRECTOR OF CONTENT
MARÍA EUGENIA DE ALIAGA / KM CERO
GERARDO SUGAY / LIMA TOURS
EDITOR
RODRIGO CABRERA / KM CERO
COORDINATION
CAROLINA SAN ROMÁN / KM CERO
DIEGO GUERRERO / LIMA TOURS
ART DIRECTION
KM CERO
PHOTO EDITOR
CHRISTIAN DECLERCQ / KM CERO
GRAPHIC DESIGN
MIGUEL SANTAYA
INFOGRAPHS
SANDRA FLORIÁN
WRITERS
IÑIGO MANEIRO
PAOLA MIGLIO
DIEGO OLIVER
TRANSLATION AND CORRECTION OF TEXTS
ANNE MONCREIFF DE ARRARTE
28
14
THE NATIONAL PARACAS
RESERVE
Biological diversity
38
PHOTOGRAPHERS
RODRIGO CABRERA
CHRISTIAN DECLERCQ
CHRISTOPHER KLEIHEGE
IÑIGO MANEIRO
DIEGO OLIVER
JAIME REY DE CASTRO
LUIS REPETTO
JAQUES RONSTAND
KM CERO
PROMPERÚ
FUN IN PARACAS
Info graph

ARCHAEOLOGY IN PERU
Special
48
44
ÍNDICE
6/ Editorial
8/ News and Current Events
12/ Tips
14/ The National Paracas Reserve
Incomparable biological diversity
28/ Between Paracas and Nasca
Investment on the Southern Coast
36/ Fun in Paracas
Info graph
38/ Interview with Gabriel Álvarez
Deputy General Manager
of Aranwa “By the end of
this year, Aranwa will have five
hotel properties and approximately
400 rooms.”
44/ The Pisco Route
New products in development
48/ A Long History
A journey to churches, haciendas,
lost cities and the enigmatic
Nasca Lines
56/ I Am Peru: Native Cotton
Info graph
66
58
58/ Interview with Andrés
Álvarez Calderón,
Executive Director of the
Larco Museum
“We want to tell amusing and
interesting historical stories that
are based in diverse academic
study.”
66/ A Focus of Civilisation:
For thousands of years
Peru has been home to cultures
that continue to amaze the world
72/ Ancient Pre Hispanic Kingdoms
Info graph
74
74/ Cultural Biodiversity
Peru: One of the 13 Mega
diverse nations in the World
80/ Agenda
82/ Expat
/5

EDITORIAL
Pre-Inca site minutes from the centre of Cusco, yet never crowded - Peru
Dear reader,
Peru has been called - deservedly so we believe - the world’s largest outdoor museum, thanks to its
ancient and vast heritage manifested in the form of fabled citadels, sacred pyramids, royal tombs, farming
terraces, giant calendars, cosmic temples, imperial roads, stone aqueducts, military fortresses and trading
centres located in deserts and valleys along our Pacific coast, mountain tops and high Andean plateaus, cloud
forests and low lands of the Amazon basin.
This issue of ULTIMATE JOURNEYS - Travel in Peru, focuses on our archaeological treasures, dating back over
5,000 years. It includes an enlightening interview with Andres Alvarez Calderon, who, as Director of the recently
renovated Larco Museum in Lima - home to the country’s best preserved and most complete pre-Columbian
art collection - is one of the few colleagues who understands the importance of fostering that very elusive
partnership between tourism and culture, business and academia, promotion and preservation, in order to
accomplish the sustainable growth and responsible development our industry and our nation require.
The featured destination in this edition is Paracas, a National Wildlife Reserve, where nature and history come
together to create an ideal holiday destination. Located in a privileged position on Peru’s southern coast, Paracas
is also the perfect gateway to the nearby and still enigmatic Nasca Lines, as well as the Ica vineyards, where
the production of Pisco, Peru’s signature brandy, has been a proud tradition of local producers for centuries.
Due to all its attributes, Paracas has enjoyed a recent investment boom in new resort hotels and apartment
buildings, airport and seaport facilities, and yachting and adventure travel services. The newest property, to be
opened at the end of 2013, is the Aranwa Hotel. Gabriel Alvarez, Deputy General Manager of Aranwa Hotels,
Resorts and Spas - the youngest and fastest growing upscale hotel chain in Peru, shares with us the vision of
this family-run hospitality and health services conglomerate.
Happy reading and learning!
Your Friends at Lima Tours
OHSAS 18001
BUREAU VERITAS
Certification

NEWS
NEWS
WINNERS OF THE WORLD TRAVEL AWARDS 2013
July 20 the World Travel Awards 2013 were celebrated in Lima.
World Travel Awards, in its 20th year, recognizes companies,
brands and tourist destinations for their high quality products.
This year, Peru received a number of awards including the Best
Culinary Destination in the Region; Jorge Chavez International
Airport as the Best Airport in the Region; and PromPeru for the
Best Tourism Promotion Office in the Region.
Visit www.worldtravelawards.com
PERU HOME TO 11 OF THE BEST HOTELS
IN SOUTH AMERICA
Eleven Peruvian hotels are included on the list of the 25
best hotels in South America, according to the Conde Nast
Traveler Readers Choice Awards. Las Casitas del Colca
Hotel in the Colca Canyon came in at number 2 and also
ranked 55 out of the Best 100 Hotels and Resorts in the
World. Cusco was selected by readers as the second best
of the Top 5 Cities in Central and South America. The Hotel
Tambo del Inka, in the Urubamba Valley outside Cusco,
was selected number 4 in the Top 15 Resorts in Central
and South America.
DAKAR: THE INCA CHALLENGE 2013
Amateur and professional racers arrived to Peru last October for
the 2013 Dakar Series, all vying to classify for the Dakar Rally 2014.
Guilherme Spinelli, car category, Pablo Quintanilla, motorcycles,
and Ignacio Casale, ATVs, were the champions.
Jaime Rey de Castro
III EXPO ADVENTURE, TOURISM AND BOATING FAIR
Lima hosted the 3rd Expo Adventure, Tourism and Boating Fair
from November 7 through 10 on the Costa Verde.
Visit http://www.expoaventura-peru.com

NEWS
NEWS
MISTURA GASTRONOMICAL FESTIVAL
Lima enjoyed the 6th Edition of the Mistura Gastronomical
Festival, the most important food event in Latin America,
September 6 -15. This year, the focus of the event was the
sea and hydro biological resources. At a new, beachfront
locale, Mistura 2012 hosted 500,000 people over 10
days, 24,000 of whom were tourists.
APEGA
I CONTINUE TO BE
The Peruvian documentary Sigo Siendo,
I Continue to Be, won the prize for Best
Documentary at the 2013 Lima Film Festival.
Directed by Peruvian Javier Corcuera, the film
looks inside Peruvian culture through its music.
LA MULA
NEW AIR ROUTES TO NORTHERN PERU
Thanks to an agreement between the regional
governments and Peru’s Air Force, some of the country’s
northern cities now have interconnected air service.
Chachapoyas, Trujillo, Chiclayo, Cajamarca, Tarapoto,
Yurimaguas and Iquitos have interconnecting air service
three days a week – Mondays, Wednesdays and
Saturdays. The cost of tickets between Chachapoyas,
Chiclayo and Trujillo are S/.200. Flights to Tarapoto,
Yurimaguas and Cajamarca are S/.120 and to Iquitos
they are S/. 250.
Rodrigo Cabrera

WINNERS OF THE FIRST ANNUAL TOURISM
CARES GRANTS
The newly formed Peruvian Chapter of Tourism Cares,
whose members include Aranwa Hotels Resorts & Spas,
Coltur, Delfin Cruise The Amazon, Inca Rail, Libertador
Hotels, Resorts & Spas, The Lima Tours Foundation,
Orient Express y Viajes Pacífico have announced the
winners of the first annual Tourism Cares grants. Grants
are awarded to projects judged best at promoting
and preserving Peru’s cultural heritage. Some of the
winning projects include: Archaeology and Community
Development in San Jose de Moro, a project run by
the Catholic University of Peru; Diversification of Tour
Offerings in Andahuaylillas Through Development of
Traditional Resources, a project run by the Universidad
Antonio Ruiz de Montoya; and A Mobile Application for
Museums in Lima’s Historic District, developed by Lima
City Hall. Visit http://turismocuida.blogspot.com for more
information.
Daniel Tarazona
IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE CHAVIN DE HUANTAR
ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMPLEX
In recent excavations, Chavin de Huantar archaeologist
John Rick and Luis Guillermo Lumbreras have discovered
two ornamental, stone heads in excellent condition.
The pieces date back to 200 – 500 a.d. and have large
eyes; noses with wide nostrils and more than 10 snakes
surrounding each one. A hypothesis about these physical
characteristics is that they suggest eyes that are circular
and entering a trance, possibly because of drugs. The
serpents are seen as hallucinations.

TIPS
TIPS
TRADITIONAL PERUVIAN SWEETS FROM PALPA
Halfway between Paracas and Nasca is Palpa, an ideal spot to rest and
recharge, and for a visit to Doña María Paz Herrera, a well-known Palpa
cook who is an institution for locals and Peruvians in the know. Ask any
local for directions. Using a traditional recipes from Colonial times, Doña
Maria Paz makes an unforgettable, sweet, mango paste and, during the
season, she stuffs sour oranges and lemons with rich, caramelized milk,
creating tejas, the Peruvian coasts’ best-loved confection. They are a
perfect dessert after a pot roast sandwich made by one of Doña Maria
Paz’s daughters.
Christian Declercq
PERUVIAN MUSEUMS IN ART PROJECT
Art Project was created by Google to help cultural
communities around the world find space to exhibit their
collections on global scale. The effort, which includes 263
museums, includes the digitalized collections of three major
Peruvian museums: The Larco Museum, with 217 pieces,
the MALI, with 164, and Mario Testino’s MATE Museum,
with 27 works available. You can prepare for a visit to Lima
with a look online.
Visit:
http://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/project/art-project
Renzo Giraldo
THE FEAST OF THE CHACCU (HERDING) IN PAMPA GALERAS
During the third week of June, the National Pampas Galeras–Barbara
D’Achille Reserve is celebrating the traditional chaccu, or herding of the
Vicuñas; an ancient Incan ritual designed to harvest the fine Vicuña wool
without harming the animals in the process. The celebration consists of
an involved plan to surround and herd the animals into a corral where
they are shaved, one by one. Typically, the result is somewhere between
120 and 150 kilos of wool.

RESERVE OF LIFE
GEOGRAPHICALLY
SPEAKING, THE PARACAS
NATIONAL RESERVE IS ONE
OF THE MOST SPECTACULAR
PLACES IN PERU.
LOCATED IN ICA, DESERT
COAST OF THE PACIFIC,
REGULAR WINDSTORMS
REVEAL GEOGRAPHIC,
PALAEONTHOLOGIC AND
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SECRETS
FROM THE PAST. EDGING
TOWARDS THE ANDES
IN A DRAMATIC SPREAD
OF BEIGES, PINKS AND
PURPLES, THE ARID DESERT
MEETS THE FRIGID PACIFIC
WATERS HERE, CREATING
A RICH ENVIRONMENT OF
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY.
Reserve
of Life
The Paracas National Reserve
By
Diego Oliver
Photos
Christian Declercq
Sunbathing: Sea Lions
(Otaria flavescens)
on the shore of San
Gallan island.

15

RESERVE OF LIFE
White Egret
(Egretta thula)
THE PARACAS NATURAL RESERVE IS AN AREA OF ABOUT 113 SQUARE MILES WHERE THE DESERT MEETS THE OCEAN IN AN
EXPLOSION OF LIFE. ALMOST ONE THIRD OF THE RESERVE IS DESERT THAT, MILLIONS OF YEAR AGO, WAS UNDER THE PACIFIC
OCEAN UNTIL THE NASCA AND SOUTH AMERICAN PLATES COLLIDED AND THE ANDES MOUNTAINS WERE BORN.
In this ancient territory characterized by beautiful geological
formations created from water and wind, one can still find
fossils of the whales and dinosaurs that once populated the
region. There also are close to 100 archaeological sites left by the
Paracas and Nasca people, both of whom developed societies
based on agriculture, fishing and shellfish collecting. Their
remains attest to societies able to adapt to their environment.
Without doubt, it is the cold, Humboldt Current, densely
inhabited by plankton, that constitutes the base for the complex
food chain that allows a variety of sea animals - from penguins
to whales – to flourish. There are 216 species of birds, between
resident and migratory, 36 mammals, 10 reptile species and
168 species of fish in the Paracas Reserve, making it the most
bio diverse coastal area in Peru. Maybe the most surprising
animal that makes an occasional appearance over the desert is
the condor. Periodically, condors fly down to the coast from the
Andes to hunt for marine life. That said, the animals most seen
are foxes, sea lions, penguins, pelicans, seagulls, Inca tern,
guanay cormorant and Andean flamingo, which have white
bodies and red wings, inspiring José de San Martín, who led
Peru`s War of Independence, to create the Peruvian flag.
points along the Peruvian coast where birds congregate and
guano is produced in large amounts. In the end of the 19th
Century, Peruvian guano exportation made economic history
for the country. Unfortunately, is also led to the environmental
destruction of many coastal areas. Today, thanks to the creation
of the Reserve, an effort is being made to find a balance between
conservation and the extraction of this important resource,
creating a sustainable business for Peruvians that also respects
the area’s ecological health.
The Paracas National Reserve represents a breath of fresh air
in the face of human development and the growth of cities. The
Reserve allows visitors a chance for an up close look at the
desert, the ocean, the sky and their inhabitants; and, with each
gust of wind, it reminds us that once in the distant past all of
this was untouched.
One of the most popular tourist sites in Paracas are the
Ballestas Islands, a group of small islands where a variety of
birds live among a large sea lion colony. The Ballestas also are
a part of the National Reserve of Islands and Guano Points,
a conservation Project that includes 22 small islands and 11
50%
OVER 50% OF ALL SEA
LIONS IN PERU LIVES IN
THE PARACAS NATIONAL
RESERVE.
Above: View of San Gallan Island, one of
the Reserve’s important areas known for
its biodiversity.
Left: Red-Legged Cormorant
(Phalacrocorax gaimardi) with its chick.
Right: Guanay Cormorants are the best
producers of guano, a highly valued,
agricultural fertilizer.
Opposite page: The Peruvian Pelican
reproduces on islands close to the coast
that are bathed in the cold waters of the
Humboldt Current.

17

RESERVE OF LIFE

A group of Andean Flamingos (Phoenicopterus chilensis) searches for food.
/19

RESERVE OF LIFE
AT PARACAS
NATIONAL RESERVE YOU
WILL FIND:
216
SPECIES OF BIRDS,
BETWEEN RESIDENT AND
MIGRATORY
36
SPECIES OF MAMMALS
10
REPTILE SPECIES
168
SPECIES OF FISH
IS ONE OF THE MOST
BIODIVERSE COASTAL
AREAS OF PERU
Above: Humboldt Penguins
(Spheniscus Humboldti): These birds
are increasingly rare and their numbers
continue to decline.
Left: Peruvian Lizard (Microlophus
Peruvianus): This tiny reptile is depicted
in many ancient Paracas textiles.
Right: Incan Tern (Larosterna Inca): This
bird is easy to identify because of its
intense red beak and feet.
Opposite page: The leader of the Pack:
A male Sea Lion can weigh up to 300
kilos.

21

RESERVE OF LIFE

Artisan fisherman of Lagunillas.
Next page: The Ballestas Islands, a refuge for marine birds and animals, are adjacent to the Paracas National Reserve.
/23

CHRONICLE / CRÓNICA

25

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- Hike through the Zagorje hills
- Traditional Zagorje village meal
DAY 3 - GORSKI KOTAR
- Hands-on foraging tips in Gorski
Kotar
- Tree planting
- Cycling through local villages
- Cooking demonstration of local
surprise specialties
- 2 hour hike of the Učka Nature Park
- ATV tour and wine-tasting in Istria
DAY 5 - OPATIJA
- Exploring Veliki Brijun Island by bike
- Cooking class in Opatija
DAY 6 - PAKlENIcA
- Hiking, Paklenica National Park
- Visit Nin Saltworks Park
- Visit fig plantation, Zadar
DAY 7 - ZADAR
- Prosciutto sampling
- A Maraschino & fig cake feast
- Biking through the National Park Krka
DAY 8 - SPlIT
- Split gastro tour
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- Small workshop on landscape
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- Visit Leshan Mountain
- Walk Jinli Street for a night
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- Hike the Mutianyu section
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- Visit the Terracotta Warriors
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- Dumpling banquet
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- Visit a Tibetan family for dinner
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- Horseback ride through
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- Visit a local park to sample a
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- Volunteer at the Panda
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- Early morning Taichi practice
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/27

BETWEEN PARACAS
AND NASCA
PARACAS AND NASCA,
BOTH AREAS THAT
HOUSE IMPORTANT
NATURAL RESERVES
AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL
SITES, HAVE BECOME
IMPORTANT TOURISM
DESTINATIONS,
WITH 13 MILLION
DOLLARS INVESTED
IN TOURISM-RELATED
INFRASTRUCTURE OVER
THE LAST FEW YEARS.
TODAY VISITORS CAN
ENJOY ALL KINDS
OF HOSPITALITY
EXPERIENCES, FROM
GASTRONOMICALLY
THEMED TOURS TO
HIGH-END, LUXURY
PACKAGES.
By
Paola Miglio
Luxury next to the Natural
Reserve: The Hotel Double
Tree by Hilton Paracas

Gihan Tubbeh
Paracas
and Nasca
Investment on the Southern Coast
/29

BETWEEN PARACAS AND NASCA
Iñigo Maneiro
US$
13.15
MILLION
OF PRIVATE
INVESTMENT
RECENTLY
REDISCOVERED AS A
TOURIST DESTINATION,
PARACAS HAS SEEN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF
LUXURY HOTELS OVER
THE LAST FEW
YEARS.
Paracas: A perfect
destination to rest and
relax
Iñigo Maneiro
The Paracas to Nasca route is a destination
seeing steady tourism investment. This has
meant an improvement in service standards. For
Peru’s Ministry of Commerce and Tourism (Mincetur),
both Nasca and Paracas have important tourist
attractions to promote, including the Nasca Lines,
The Paracas National Reserve, the Ballestas Islands
and the Bay of San Fernando among others. Mincetur
is projecting $13 million in private investment in the
development of maritime routes between Paracas, the
Ballestas Islands, San Fernando and Marcona, as well
as another $2.4 million in a new Nasca bus station
located 10 minutes from the city centre. Additionally,
over the next two years, another $45 million will be
spent expanding the Pisco airport, all of which will
vastly improve access to the area.

Christian Declercq
Mayu Mohanna
Christian Declercq
The enigmatic Candelabro
faces the sea.
Above: Adventures by land and
by sea: Tours in the Paracas
Reserve and to the Ballestas
Islands
Left: Hotel Paracas, a Luxury
Collection Resort from the
Libertador chain.
Gihan Tubbeh
PARACAS: LUXURY AND ADVENTURE
The Bay of Paracas is three hours away from Lima
by car and its major tourist attraction is the Paracas
National Reserve, 13,000 square miles of protected
desert, wetlands and seashore where visitors can
enjoy nature and ancient archaeological sites. In
addition to swimming, camping and off road tours
through the desert, one also can visit archaeological
sites including the Candelabro, a huge desert etching,
and Cerro Colorado and Wari Kayan, two burial
remains where some of the most beautiful Paracas
textiles were discovered.
Rediscovered by tourism developers in the last
few years, Paracas has seen a number of new,
luxury hotel projects including the Hotel Paracas, a
Luxury Collection Resort, the DoubleTree Resort By
Hilton Paracas, the Hotel Hacienda and the Aranwa
Paracas Resort & Spa, which is scheduled to open
/31

BETWEEN PARACAS AND NASCA
HEADING SOUTH ALONG
THE PANAMERICAN
HIGHWAY FOR
ABOUT SIX HOURS
ONE REACHES NASCA,
ONE OF THE FIVE
PROVINCES IN THE ICA
REGION, AND FAMOUS
FOR THE NASCA LINES;
HUMANS, ANIMALS AND
GEOMETRIC FIGURES
ETCHED INTO THE SAND
AND VISIBLE ONLY
FROM THE SKY.
A diversity of
activities: Overfly
the Nasca Lines at
dawn, then enjoy a
sunny day exploring
and finally, relax
over a sunset dinner
in the desert.
this November with 116 rooms. “One of the principal
attractions for us in investing in Paracas has been the
increase in demand. Since 2008, demand has gone
up 43 per cent, 23 per cent of which is international
tourist demand. This shows us that for the Peruvian
tourist, and in particular for tourists from Lima, Paracas
is a perfect place to get away from the city – but with
the same level of comfort and service,” says Carla Lau,
Head of Marketing for Aranwa Paracas Resort & Spa.
NASCA: FARTHER SOUTH
Following the Panamerican Highway south six hours
from Lima, one arrives in Nasca, the second largest
of the five Ica provinces. Nasca’s principal tourist
attraction is the Nasca Lines, a series of figures visible
only from the air that were etched into the desert by
the ancient Nasca people. Thanks to the dry, sunny,
desert climate, these figures, which include images of
a whale, dog, monkey and hummingbird, along with
a series of geometric figures, are still clearly visible.
Increased tourism to the region has meant a series
of service improvements, particularly with flights over
the lines.
While most international tourists get to Paracas and
Nasca by car, increasingly, visitors are flying from
Lima’s Jorge Chavez International Airport to Pisco on
local airlines such as Aerodiana and LCP Peru. From
Pisco, tourists can take a flight over the Nasca Lines.
A new option for tourists continuing on to Cusco is
LCP’s recently-introduced service from Lima to Pisco
with an over flight of the Nasca Lines en route to
Cusco – all in one trip.
Arriving in Nasca by sea at the San Juan de Marcona
Port is an option that is being developed as part of
a group of projects that is presently being reviewed
for approval by the Peruvian government. Once
approval has been granted, the Peruvian National Port
Authority will create a licitation for concession of the
port, expected sometime in 2014. The plan focuses
on infrastructure improvements that will include a first
phase for mineral shipments, a second phase for
agricultural shipments, and finally a third phase that
will include port space for cruise ships.
Iñigo Maneiro
Iñigo Maneiro
Hoteles Libertador

Not to be missed: Aquatic sports and gastronomical
experiences enjoying local products.
Talía Barreda
PARACAS
BEACH ACTIVITIES
In addition to the beauty of nature and the area’s
archaeological remains, the Paracas to Nasca
Route attracts visitors because of its unspoiled
beaches and because of the variety of aquatic
activities that one can practice here, primarily
kayaking, surfing, kite surfing and sailing. If you
are looking for a more low key adventure, try the
spa services at some of the area’s new, five-star
hotel and spas.
Rodrigo Cabrera
Talía Barreda
Christian Declercq
DINING DOWN SOUTH
GASTRONOMY IN THE PARACAS TO NASCA
REGION HAS IMPROVED DRAMATICALLY
RECENTLY THANKS TO SOME LOCAL
ENTREPRENEURS WHO HAVE BEGUN A
RETURN TO THE AGE-OLD PRACTICES OF
SMALL SCALE ANIMAL FARMING AND
GROWING ORGANIC, LOCAL PRODUCE.
WITH TOP INGREDIENTS, LOCAL CHEFS
ARE REINVENTING CLASSIC PERUVIAN
RECIPES, OFFERING EVERYTHING FROM
HOME COOKING TO HAUTE CUISINE.
/33

BETWEEN PARACAS AND NASCA

Where the desert and the ocean meet: A walk through the Paracas National Reserve.
PROGRAM
ICA AND PARACAS
(5D/4N)
DAY 1 LIMA-ICA
Head to Ica on a bus from Lima (4
hours). Visit Ica’s Regional Museum
and the Huacachina Lagoon. Lunch
at the Hacienda
San Jose.
DAY 2 ICA-PARACAS
Visit the Queirolo vineyards
accompanied by a sommelier. From
there, continue along the Pisco Route
where you’ll stop at a series of pisco
and wine vineyards.
DAY 3 PARACAS
Take a boat trip to the Ballestas
Islands, located about 45 minutes
from the Paracas boardwalk. Then flly
over the Nasca Lines. Finally, stop at
Huamani, a local artisan workshop.
DAY 4 PARACAS
Visit to Atenas Beach in the
Paracas Reserve, where you’ll
collect Peruvian scallops for
a traditional Tiradito de Conchas,
or scallop cebiche. After lunch,
see the dunes riding four-by-fours.
Enjoy a luxury dinner
on the dunes.
DAY 5 PARACAS-LIMA
Drive back to Lima.
Rodrigo Cabrera
/35

INTERVIEW
ARANWA: A HEALTHY HOTEL OPTION
Gabriel Álvarez
General Manager of the Aranwa Hotels, Resorts and Spas
By
Diego Oliver
ARANWA HOTELS, RESORTS AND SPAS HAVE BEEN OPENING ONE HOTEL A YEAR IN PERU’S MOST EMBLEMATIC
DESTINATIONS SINCE 2008. WITH A 45 MILLION DOLLAR INVESTMENT, AND PROPERTIES IN FOUR KEY AREAS OF THE
COUNTRY, ARANWA HAVE HAD A SUCCESSFUL START. THIS YEAR THE COMPANY WILL OPEN ITS FIFTH PROPERTY, IN
PARACAS, AND PLANS ARE TO CONTINUE EXPANSION THROUGHOUT PERU.
Diego Oliver
Aranwa Hotels, Resorts and Spas are a hotel
chain that is owned by the San Pablo Group,
a family-owned business with 22 years in the
health sector. With the experience of running nine
clinics in Peru, the San Pablo Group decided six years
ago to expand into tourism hospitality. The Aranwa
Hotels, Resorts and Spas concept focuses on health
and well being as part of a high-end hotel experience.
“Aranwa means legend in Spanish,” explains Gabriel
Alvarez, the young general manager of the Aranwa
chain. Alvarez represents the new face of the family
business and today he is a critical player in Aranwa’s
expansion. “When we entered the hotel business,
because of San Pablo’s experience in the health
sector, we decided to position ourselves in the health
and well-being sector of tourism.” That vision led to
the opening of Aranwa Valle Sagrado, a five-star hotel
with 115 rooms located in the Sacred Valley of the
Incas. Built inside a former 17th Century hacienda,
and located on the shores of the Vilconota River, the
hotel is expansive at 2,500 square meters and offers
numerous spa and health-related therapies including
baths, massages, yoga and Andean mysticism.

US$ 45
MILLION dOLARS
wITh A 45
MILLION dOLLAR
INVESTMENT, ANd
PROPERTIES IN FOUR
kEy AREAS OF
ThE cOUNTRy,
ARANwA hAVE hAd
A SUccESSFUL START
by ThE ENd OF ThIS yEAR,
ARANwA wILL bE
5 yEARS OLd,
ANd hAVE 5 hOTELS
ANd MANAgE cLOSE TO
400
ROOMS
Aranwa
How was the Aranwa business created?
After we inaugurated the Aranwa Valle Sagrado Hotel,
we opened a small, five-star, boutique hotel in Cusco
with 43 rooms, all with oxygen pumped in. After that,
we bought an existing hotel at the Vichayito Beach
on Peru’s northern coast and we expanded the
property from nine to 35 rooms, including bungalows
and tents. In March of this year, we opened a fourstar
hotel in Coporaque, a small town in the Colca
Valley. This November we are scheduled to open the
Hotel Vichayito
Bungalows & Tents in
Máncora
/39

INTERVIEW
An old, colonial house
is the site of the Aranwa
Cusco Boutique Hotel.
A view of the Sacred
Valley of the Incas and the
colonial hacienda where
Aranwa has its Sacred
Valley Hotel & Wellness.
Aranwa Paracas Hotel, another five-star property with
115 rooms that will be located on the Bay of Paracas.
That means that by the end of 2013, Aranwa will be
five years old, have five hotels and manage close to
400 rooms.
Why is Paracas interesting as a destination?
Paracas is attractive for a number of reasons. First, we
identify with the medical legacy of the Paracas culture,
who explored the concept of brain surgery through the
idea of cranial trepanation. Also, contact with nature
and the vast variety of biodiversity in Paracas is, in
and of itself, a factor in health and well-being. We also
see that Lima is becoming a very important corporate
tourism destination and we feel Paracas could be an
additional destination for those visitors to consider.
And finally, Paracas has always been a very attractive
destination for residents of Lima
Aranwa
What is the Aranwa Paracas Hotel going
to be like?
The Paracas property is built in a semi circle that opens
its arms to the sea. It has a boardwalk that begins from
the middle of the hotel and extends 180 metres into
the Bay, which makes it the longest, private dock in
Paracas. The hotel is divided into two wings, each
with three floors and an independent elevator. We’ll
have a gourmet restaurant, two bars, including a pisco
bar, meeting rooms, a spa with salt water pool and, at
the end of the boardwalk, we’ll have a sound-proofed
discotheque that will be silent from the outside and a
hot party spot inside.
Where else in Peru are you thinking of building
or buying hotels?
The Aranwa chain has grown very quickly over the last
five years and we are very proud of our ability to create

INTERVIEW
Right: Weavers
from the Colca
Valley at the
Aranwa Pueblito
Encantado del
Colca Hotel.
Below: Enjoying
views of the valley
from the hotel pool.
WE WILL NOT BE
OPENING ANY NEW
HOTELS IN 2014, BUT
INSTEAD WILL
CONCENTRATE ON
CONSOLIDATING OUR
EXISTING
HOTELS AND
IMPROVING THEM IN
TERMS OF SERVICES
AND
HUMAN RESOURCES
and maintain a chain of four and five-star properties.
We will not be opening any new hotels in 2014, but
instead will concentrate on consolidating our existing
hotels and improving them in terms of services and
human resources. Looking into 2015, we are studying
three projects we hope will develop. One of them is a
boutique hotel in Arequipa’s beautiful Ricketts House,
a colonial mansion constructed of the local white,
sillar rock. We also are looking at a project in Lima
that would involve developing a shopping plaza, which
is something we think is synergistic with corporate
tourism. And finally, we own land in Puno and in the
medium term, we would like to develop that.
What makes a destination interesting
to Aranwa?
The most important thing for us is to be able to
develop a destination and create an increased value
for visitors. In the Sacred Valley, for example, we
restored a 17th century, colonial hacienda. In Cusco,
it took us five years to refurbish a 16th century,
colonial house. In the Colca, we found an old, rock
mill on our hotel property that we have restored to
working order. A destination is interesting for Aranwa
to the extent that it has a history that can be restored
and recaptured. That, in turn, creates a value that can
be shared with locals and international visitors.
Aranwa

O x y g e n E n h a n c e d T o u r i n g
“The oxygen enriched cabin is effective in preventing altitude sickness.
Passengers will feel great cruising even this high across the highplateau”.
says onboard medical advisor Dr. Dante Valdivia
Cima Clinic in Cuzco
"La cabina enriquecida con oxígeno es eficaz para prevenir el mal de altura. Los pasajeros
pueden estar seguros de sentirse bien incluso en las zonas más altas del Altiplano".
comentó el médico asesor a bordo Dr. Dante Valdivia
Clínica Cima en Cuzco
Alleviates altitude sickness symptoms including shortness of breath, headaches, fatigue and nausea.
Alivia los síntomas de altitud como la dificultad en la respiración, dolores de cabeza, fatiga y náuseas.
A higher concentration of oxygen will provide a more relaxing journey.
Una mayor concentración de oxigeno ayudará al pasajero en tener un viaje más placentero
Oxygen departure valve
Válvulas de salida de oxígeno
Driver Panel
12v o 24v Solenoid Valve
Válvulas de 12v o 24v
40sch Flowmeter
Flujometro de 40sch
Oxygen Cylinders
Cilindros de Oxígeno
40psi Pressure regulator
Regulador de presión de 40psi
Low pressure Oxygen line under bus
Línea de Oxigeno de baja presión debajo del bus
The additional Oxygen in BusO2, creates a special
environment 1000m / 3280 ft lower than the actual altitude
El oxígeno adicional en el Bus, crea un ambiente
especial 1000m más abajo que la altura real.
For more information, please contact your Lima Tours
Specialist or write us to: inbound@limatours.com.pe
www.limatours.com.pe
Para más información, favor contáctese con su especialista
de Lima Tours o escribanos a: inbound@limatours.com.pe

THE PISCO ROUTE
The Pisco Route
By
Paola Miglio
Cristian Declercq
The Hotel Viñas Queirolo in
Ica is surrounded by over 400
hectares of wine-producing
grapes.
THE PISCO ROUTE SEEKS TO ADD VALUE TO THE PARACAS
TO NASCA CIRCUIT, ALREADY AN AREA OF PERU RICH IN
HISTORY, ARCHAEOLOGY AND CULTURE. THE PERUVIAN
GOVERNMENT PLANS TO INVEST CLOSE TO FIVE MILLION
DOLLARS TO ATTRACT 1.2 MILLION VISITORS TO THE
ICA AND CHINCHA PROVINCES, SPECIFICALLY TO THE
EL CARMEN, SALAS, SUBTANJALLA, LA TINGUIÑA, SAN
JUAN BAUTISTA Y LOS AQUIJES DISTRICTS.
WITH THE GOAL
OF ATTRACTING 1.2
MILLION VISITORS,
THE PISCO ROUTE HAS
BEEN LAUNCHED AND
PROMOTERS HOPE
TO SEE SUSTAINED
TOURISM IN ICA GO
UP 18 PER CENT. THE
PRINCIPAL LONG-
TERM OBJECTIVE
IS TO INCREASE
TOURISM IN THE
PARACAS TO NASCA
CIRCUIT THROUGH
BETTER TOURIST
SERVICES AND
INFRASTRUCTURE
UNDER THE
UMBRELLA OF PISCO-
RELATED TOURISM.

RUTA dEL PIScO
All of these developments are designed to extend the Paracas/Nasca
experience by offering visitors a variety of reasons to stay longer. “In our
property,” says Angela Taragano, manager of the Viñas Queirolo Hotel
located at the Queirolo Hacienda vineyards. “The average stay is one night
and people come specifically to see our wine cellars; but we are sure as
the area expands the visitor experience, tourists will stay longer.”
LIMA
PAchAcÁMAc
PUcUSANA
chILcA
Bodega
Santiago Queirolo
Bodega
Ugarelli
Bodega
Cuatro Bocas
Bodega
El Alambique
de Azpitia
THE TOUR INCLUDES STOPS AT
THE BODEGAS OF ALL OF THE
REGION’S MOST IMPORTANT
PISCO PRODUCERS INCLUDING
EL CARMELO, EL CATADOR,
TABERNERO, TACAMA, TRES
GENERACIONES, VISTA
ALEGRE, LOVERA PÉREZ, LA
CARAVEDO, VIÑAS DE ORO
AND OTHERS.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS
PLAN WILL INCLUDE ARTISANS
AND INDUSTRIALISTS WHO
MEET THE ESTABLISHED
PARAMETRES FOR TOURISM
DEVELOPMENT. THERE WILL
BE STATE INVESTMENT IN
INFRASTRUCTURE IN ORDER TO
IMPROVE ACCESS, ADD MODERN
REST SERVICES IN LOCAL
BODEGAS, AND MARKET THE
PISCO ROUTE BOTH NATIONALLY
AND INTERNATIONALLY.
THIS PROJECT INCLUDES
THE CREATION OF A CENTRE
FOR PISCO INFORMATION
AND EDUCATION IN A
SPACE TO BE GIVEN BY THE
CENTRO DE INNOVATION
TECNOLÓGICA VITIVINÍCOLA
(CITEVID), LOCATED IN
SALAS, ICA.
FOR SOME TIME NOW, BODEGA
SANTIAGO QUEIROLO HAS BEEN
DEVELOPING A SERVICE THEY CALL
OENOLOGICAL TOURISM. THE IDEA IS
THAT THEY OPEN THEIR BODEGA TO
VISITORS FOR AN INSIDE LOOK AT HOW
THEY DEVELOP THEIR PISCO FROM
START TO FINISH. YOU CAN COMBINE
THE VISIT WITH A MEAL OR OVERNIGHT
STAY AT THE VIÑAS QUEIROLO HOTEL.
ASIA
SAN VIcENTE dE cAÑETE
Bodega
Viñas de Oro
chINchA ALTA
Bodega
San Nicolás
Bodega
El Paraíso
PIScO
ACCORDING TO THE MINISTRY
OF COMMERCE AND TOURISM
(MINCETUR), TOURISTS TO THE
PARACAS TO NASCA CIRCUIT
HAVE INCREASED 10 PER CENT
SINCE 2003. WITH THE PISCO
ROUTE, MINCETUR HOPES TO
REACH A SUSTAINED,
18 INCREASE.
18%
Marco Garro
THE CENTRE FOR PISCO
INFORMATION AND EDUCATION
WILL BE A MUSEUM WHERE
VISITORS WILL LEARN ABOUT
THE DRINK’S HISTORY AND
PRESENT-DAY DEVELOPMENT.
A CENTRE FOR PISCO
DEVELOPMENT WILL ALSO
BE CREATED AS PART OF THE
INSTITUTION IN ORDER TO BUILT
LOCAL CAPACITY IN PISCO
PRODUCTION.
Gihan Tubbeh
AFTER COMPLETING THE
FIRST STAGE OF PROMOTION,
TOURISM TO THE PISCO ROUTE
IS GROWING AND PROMOTERS
HOPE TO ADD OTHER PISCO
PRODUCING ZONES INCLUDING
LIMA, AREQUIPA, TACNA AND
MOQUEGUA BY 2016.
Inés Menacho
Bodega Tres Esquinas
Bodega Vista Alegre
Renzo Ucelli
Bodega Tacama
IcA
Hotel
Viñas Queirolo
Bodega Ocucaje
/45

info@worldcome.net
www.worldcome.net
All our products can
be tailored to specific
requirements using our
companies’ extensive
local knowledge.
Creating a positive impact.
We recognise that the enviroment, communities and cultures within whic we
operate are vital to the success of our business.
Environmental
Worldcome is ethically conscious
about maintaining a clean
environment, therefore many
of our destinations in Europe,
the Middle East and Africa
actively support cleaning the
surrounding beaches, rivers and
hiking trails.
Sustainability
The consumption of natural
resources within the tourism
industry is a clear concern. This
is why many of our destinations
actively support and engage in
sustainable initiatives within
their inbound services.
Human welfare
It is very apparent that so many
destinations across the world
need more support to help local
children and adults that are in
poverty or in poor health. For
this reason we have many of our
inbound companies supporting
human welfare initiatives.
Foundations
We constantly encourage a
positive impact on our local
communities through diverse
activities and continuous
support to the local NGOs. Lima
Tours in Peru and Le Passage
to India have both created that
positive impact through their
own foundations.
We are actively involved in over
30 projects
and are developing our social responsibility through
further initiatives.

Col Anil Alagh from Shaping Lives // Le Passage to India
Shaping Lives is a pioneering initiative in India. The aim is not only to help serve
their community but to set an example and inspire a vast growth of initiatives within
the Indian tourism industry. It was great to hear from Col (the general manager for
corporate social responsibility for Le Passage to India) on how the foundation aims to
facilitate respect, recognition and warmth into the lives of less privileged.
What was the inspiration behind
Shaping Lives?
That’s a great question! Karma is
synonymous to India. Most inbound
tourists look forward to ‘social giving’
and earning ‘karma’ while exploring
India. Le Passage to India decided to
create meaningful opportunities for
them through volunteering programmes.
The well-researched
grass root level
NGOs work in varied
fields ranging from
children to senior
citizens, from
medical initiatives to animals and all
across India. From this vision of Mr
Arjun Sharma, Managing Director of Le
Passage to India, the foundation was
initiated, with the mandate to facilitate
change for the less privileged.
Do you have differrent programme
options for the clients?
Yes. Shaping Lives involves detailed
planning and management between
the operational team, the NGO and
the traveller. Depending on the client’s
wishes and the length of stay, there are
various options that can be selected
ranging from short visits to resident
volunteering. During the visit clients
are briefed and familiarised with the
NGO’s work and target group. For long
group volunteer programs or resident
volunteers, Shaping Lives plans the
administrative and financial detail. The
volunteers may teach arts and crafts or
paint and support the area where NGO
is based. In all cases they would have
enough time to learn more about their
daily routines.area where NGO is based.
In all cases they would have enough
time to learn more about their daily
routines.
Are clients permitted to take
photographs and give gifts?
Yes please.
But in the few
cases where
it is not
permitted
due to law
or for confidentiality reasons,
Shaping Lives issues an
advisory to this effect well in
advance via the operational
teams. In regards to gifts,
these are always welcome!
Clients are able to give
a monetary donation
directly to the NGOs or
contribute with their
own activitites
during their
visit.
Shaping Lives strives to create
good karma opportunities as part of
our clients’ Indian holiday experience.

A LONG HISTORY
ON THE SOUTHERN
COAST OF PERU ONE
FINDS REMAINS
OF TWO OF THE
MOST FASCINATING
CULTURES IN PERU,
THE NASCA AND
THE PARACAS.
THE CHURCHES,
HACIENDAS, LOST
CITIES AND ANCIENT
PETROGLYPHS THAT
DECORATE THE ARID
HILLSIDES FORM PART
OF THE HISTORY OF
THESE PEOPLE.
By
Iñigo Maneiro
Cahuachi:
The Ceremonial Centre
of the Nasca discovered
in the desert.

Christian Declercq
A Long
History
The generous desert of the Southern Coast.
/49

A LONG HISTORY
Iñigo Maneiro
Christian Declercq
Jacques Rostand
Estaqueria, a Nasca ceremonial
space located only four
kilometres away from Cahuachi.
Above: The aqueducts of
Ocongalla: Ancestral water
management
Right: The Astronaut, an
anthropomorphic figure carved
into the pampas of Jumana,
Nasca.
10,000
YEARS
OF HUMAN PRESENCE IN
THE NASCA AN PARACAS
DESERTS
Evidence of human presence in the Nasca and Paracas
deserts dates back 10,0000 years. Originally nomadic
people, the Nasca and Paracas people began to
settle and build complex societies, as they were able to
control water and water supplies. The southern desert
eco-system combines the arid features of the desert
with an ocean rich in birds, fish and crustaceans. These
animals were essential elements of the diet and of trade
with Andean people, thus they can be seen in much of the
iconography of the Nasca and Paracas people.
The Paracas people, who lived on the Independence
Bay, show a rich variety of designs in the beautiful, woven
fabrics they created. Made from cotton, these textiles were
well made and feature a wide variety of bright, colours
using natural dyes.
FIGURES ON THE DESERT FLOOR
The Nasca culture, discovered by Peruvian archaeologist
Julio C.Tello, saw its apex between 700 b.c and 200 b.c
Its influence was felt along the southern coast of Peru
and the society was known for both its fine ceramic work
and its sophisticated medical advances including cranial
trepanation surgery, an operation in which the skull was
perforated and the brain manipulated directly.
Both the Paracas and the Nasca people controlled the
desert and used it as a canvas upon which to create
geoglyphs of animals, people and mythological beings,
visible only from the air. Recorded first in the 16th Century
by Spanish explorer Cieza de León, the lines were powerful,
religious symbols adored and worshiped by hundreds in
ceremonies and through music.
The epicentre of the Nasca culture was the Usaca desert,
where the ceremonial centre of Cahuachi is located. Today,
excavated by an Italian mission headed by archaeologist
Guiseppe Oreficci, the Cahuachi research area is 24 square
metres and is dotted by over 30, buried, adobe pyramids.
The area is united by ramps, plazas and stairways made

of distinct types of adobe that mark the different periods in
which Cahuachi was built.
This ceremonial centre housed an elite people who
developed the culture’s religious ideology, which led to
the creation of the geoglyphs known colloquially as the
Nasca Lines. Rites included the use of large clay and
straw pots which were destroyed as part of the ceremonial
proceedings. The Nasca developed an artistic vision that
included textiles, ceramics, silver and gold decorative
pieces, as well as wood and semi-precious stone
utensils. Many pieces are on display at the onsite, Antonini
Museum. Their cultural influence extended north to south,
from Arequipa in the Central Sierra, into the Amazon and
south to Chile, and evidence can be seen in the feathers,
animals and minerals that they shared throughout their
domain. Their collapse came in the 7th Century and was
due to a particularly strong El Nino weather phenomenon
that brought about intense rain and massive landslides.
Finally, the Nasca people could no longer control either the
desert or the water supply. But over the thousands of years
before their culture came apart, the Nasca did manage the
desert, designing aqueducts using boulders and Algarrobo
Tree trunks to take water from high in the Andes and bring
it to them. Today archaeologists have found the remain
of over 60 Nasca aqueducts including ones in Cantayoc,
Ocongalla, Aja and Bisambra. The Bisambra remains have
been moved to the Antonini Museum.
FARMERS AND CITIES OF STONE
The ability of the Nasca people to control water access
allowed agricultural development to begin. Eventually,
cultivation of cotton, corn, sweet potatoes and other
tubers, spread along the thin, fertile valleys in the Nasca
region. This allowed the locals to add to the diet of fish and
shellfish the products they harvested in the San Fernando
Bay. This time of increased food was also a period where
the creation of petroglyphs became abundant and one
finds figures of animals, humans and geometric shapes on
the hills and rocks. At Chichictara and Majuelo, petroglyphs
seem to refer to space. Offerings and religious symbols are
also present.
After the collapse of the Nasca people in the 7th Century,
the Wari, and later the Chincha cultures emerged. The Inca
conquered the region before the Spanish arrived in 1532.
The lost city of Huayuri, an urban centre built of rock and
surrounded by mountains in the high area of Palpa, is an
archaeological remain from this period. In Nasca itself, the
Paradones archaeological site, called Caxmarca by the
Incas, is the only one left by the Incas. Farther north on
Jacques Rostand
Ceramic Nasca Cup,
Antonini Museum.
Iñigo Maneiro
Iñigo Maneiro
Paracas textiles, part of the famous, funeral
wrappings discovered by Julio C. Tello.
Ancient Designs: Petroglyphs from
Chichictara, located seven kilometres from
Palpa, and a ceramic Nasca cup from the
Antonini Museum.
/51

A LONG HISTORY
Christian Declercq

Remains of San Jose, a colonial, Jesuit hacienda, and
its modern crops, located in the El Ingenio Valley.
/53

A LONG HISTORY
Christian Declercq
the Los Libertadores Highway, Tambo Colorado is another
important site where visitors can appreciate the influence
of coastal architecture on classic Andean design.
Spanish agricultural settlement came soon after the
Spanish arrived in Peru thanks to the rich Peruvian soil,
established water sources and temperate climate that
allowed the production of grapes for both wines and
piscos. One of the most important southern haciendas
was San Jose in Chincha. Made up of 2,500 hectares of
land, the hacienda was completed in the 17th century and
the present owners, the Cillóniz family, purchased it in the
early 1900s. Today it is a hotel.
As the southern hacienda developed, the Company
of Jesus religious order followed and many of the best
haciendas built small churches on their property where
family and workers both attended services. Many of these
churches have been abandoned over the years, but
the San Jose and San Javier churches in the El Ingenio
Valley are open for visits and provide a window into the
agricultural history of the southern desert and a look at the
communities who still live here.
The history of the Nasca and Paracas people, and of the
southern desert region, shows societies who were able
to channel water in the desert, and thereby carve out a
rich, and complex culture that created some of the best
recognised and most beautiful petroglyphs, textiles and
ceramic art in ancient Peru
2,500
HECTARES
MADE THE HACIENDA SAN JOSE IN CHINCHA,
DEDICATED TO GRAPE PRODUCTION, ONE OF
THE MOST IMPORTANT HACIENDAS OF XVII
CENTURY.
Millennial Guard: The
Huarango tree marks
the entrance to the Lost
City of Huayurí.
Below: Hidden
archaeological jewels:
The front of the Church
of San Javier and the
church tower of San
Jose.
Opposite page:
The spider, the
hummingbird,
along with lines and
trapezoidal shapes form
part of the enigmatic
figures that make up the
Nasca Lines.
Christian Declercq

Iñigo Maneiro
1 JULIO C. TELLO
Born in Huarochiri, Lima in 1880, Julio C. Tello
was an archaeologist, medical doctor and
Peruvian political figure who discovered the
Paracas and Chavin culture, which he believed had
originated in Peru’s Amazon and was the origin
culture of all other Peruvian cultures. This theory
would eventually be proven false with the discoveries
of the earlier Cupisneque and Sechin cultures.
Because of Tello’s work with the Paracas culture,
where he uncovered important tombs, the Julio
C. Tello Museum was created within the Paracas
Reserve. The museum houses archaeological and
cultural remains and features a presentation on the
biodiversity of the Reserve area.
2 THE PALPA AND NASCA LINES
In the Paracas and Nasca deserts one can see huge geoglyphs of different
figures that reflect basic religious iconography for the people who made them.
The first figures, created by the Paracas people, were built on inclined ground
and included zoomorphic, anthropomorphic and mythological figures. The
Nasca geoglyphs on the other hand, were built on flat surfaces, of which there
are fewer, and include zoomorphic figures as well as geometric designs including
well-defined lines and trapezoids. Both the Paracas and Nasca geoglyphs take
advantage of the existing earth colour and red stones to make the designs pop
out. By removing the earth and rocks and securing them with wood, locals
revealed the white, clay-rich ground beneath. Because the area is so arid, and
the difference in humidity and temperature from day to night creates a hardening
and conservation of the ground, the images remain clear up to this day.
Talía Barreda
3 MARÍA REICHE
Rodrigo Cabrera
Maria Reiche was a German scientist and explorer who
spent much of her life studying the Nasca Lines, the
famous Nasca geoglyphs. Born in 1903, Reiche studied
mathematics in Hamburg and arrived in Peru in 1932. The
Nasca Lines became her passion, and Reiche studied the lines
until 1998, deciphering their use as an astronomical calendar
for agricultural cycles. Thanks to Reich’s work and influence,
the Peruvian government declared the Nasca Lines a Reserved
Zone in the early 1980s, and Unesco named the Lines World
Heritage Site in 1994. The Maria Reiche Museum is located at
Kilometre 421 South of The Panamerican Highway and houses
many important photographs, maps and personal objects
related to Reiche’s research.
/55

57

INTERVIEW
THE LARCO MUSEUM WAS CREATED IN 1926 AT THE CHICLIN
HACIENDA OUTSIDE OF TRUJILLO, ON PERU’S NORTHERN
COAST. RAFAEL LARCO HOYLE, ITS FOUNDER, HAD INHERITED A
COLLECTION OF OVER 600 ANCIENT PERUVIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL
PIECES FROM HIS FATHER, RAFAEL LARCO HERRERA. HE USED
THEM AS THE MUSEUM’S FIRST EXHIBIT. IN 1960, THE LARCO
MUSEUM MOVED TO ITS PRESENT LOCATION IN PUEBLO LIBRE,
A DISTRICT OF LIMA. IN 2010, WITH OVER 44,000 PIECES
CATALOGUED, THE LARCO MUSEUM WAS RE-LAUNCHED WITH
AN UP-TO-DATE MUSEOGRAPHY THAT HAS TURNED IT INTO ONE
OF THE BEST MUSEUMS IN LIMA. BELOW, THE LARCO MUSEUM’S
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR ANDRÉS ÁLVAREZ CALDERÓN TALKS TO US
ABOUT THE LARCO TODAY AND ITS VISION FOR THE FUTURE.
By
Rodrigo Cabrera
What role does the Larco Museum play today
in Lima’s tourism-related offerings?
It would be wrong of me to say because I work
in the Larco Museum. I prefer to tell you what the
public says. The Larco Museum has been on Trip
Advisor for five years, always ranking in the top
five tourist attractions in Lima. In 2010, the year
we renovated and re-launched the Museum, we
moved into first place in Lima, and right now we are
ranked the number two tourist attraction in South
America. We’re filling a gap in Lima; some museums
are being remodelled, and others have fallen into
bureaucratic lethargy. The Larco Museum, recently
renovated, with a new, consumer friendly point of
view, has, without a doubt, positioned itself as a
not-to-be-missed, Lima attraction.
What has the evolution of the Larco Museum
been from its founding to today?
The Larco Museum has evolved in different ways; first
in its museographic vision. When the Larco Museum
was founded, its goal was to fill in the chronological
gaps between Peruvian cultures. Since the
remodelling in 2010, the Museum has moved into
a more narrative museological phase, attempting
to understand the ancient Peruvians through their
cosmovision, or vision of the world and their roles
in it. We want to tell history in an interesting and
fun way that ties together current, interdisciplinary
academic research. It is a huge evolution in how
museums relate to people and it will define this age,
though one does not see it yet. What is crystal clear
is that people today like learning about ancient Peru
by visiting the Larco Museum.
Álv

Rodrigo Cabrera
Andrés
arez Calderón
Executive Director of the Larco Museum
/59

INTERVIEW
Renovated display
rooms show pre-
Columbian Peru
beginning in 5,000
b.c., through the
Spanish Viceroyalty,
founded in 1535.
Aside from the museological evolution, there is another
important element in the change: The Larco Museum
changed from being a museum by investigators for
investigators into a museum for the public. That is a very
important evolution. Beyond what the museological
message is, the concept of a museum’s function also
changes. Finally, another important element in the
Museum’s evolution is that it is self-sustainable now
that we have become a model for success.
What is the business model for the
Larco Museum?
We have tried to do what Unesco dictates. Unesco
puts museums into a cultural products category
within a larger cultural industries sector. In order to
remain within the Unesco guidelines, the Museum
must have sound planning, financial management and
marketing. The Larco Museum began thinking about
these questions 15 years ago. By developing and
sticking to a strategic plan, we are beginning to see
the results we hoped for.
We want to create a model that can be reproduced;
to show that one can create a self-sustainable cultural
institution when you combine important pieces and
good business practices. Peru is a country rich in
cultural and touristic resources, but they need to be
turned into attractions and then products. We would
like to serve as a model. We would like to share all the
information we have, and our know-how so experiences
like the Larco Museum can multiply in Peru.
Aside from the Larco Museum, are any
other cultural spaces trying to become
self-sustainable?
Something that we have discovered in the Museum
is that in the cultural sector of Peru there is a belief
that cultural enterprises do not make money. That
said, we have clear examples that culturally related

Larco Museum
IN 1960, THE LARCO
MUSEUM MOVED TO
ITS PRESENT LOCATION
IN PUEBLO LIBRE, A
DISTRICT OF LIMA
Centre: Larco Cafe Restaurant
Museum offers the best in
Peruvian food in an inviting
spot located in an old, Lima
mansion.
Right: A dowry of gold for the
afterlife was buried with the
Lord of Chan Chan.
entities know what they are doing economically and
in their marketing.
In Peru we have some examples of good cultural
resources that became attractions and then finally
products, thanks to smart, private development
efforts. Included are the Caral Special Archaeological
Project, The Huaca of the Moon, The Huaca of the
Witch, and The Huaca Pucllana. The problem with all
of these projects is that they are individual efforts, not
national policies. The directors of these projects are
archaeologists and should be considered heroes in
the conservation of Peruvian cultural patrimony.
How does the Museum see its work in other
areas of the country, outside the north?
The new focus of the Museum is to show all of Peru
like a coherent total. The Museum is still associated
with the ancient cultures of northern Peru because of
its original pieces and, in particular, because of the
quality of the Moche pieces. But the Larco Museum
has an extensive collection that reflects not only the
northern pre-Columbian people, but also the Nasca
and the Incas, among others.
The vision of the Larco Museum is to be the doorway
into ancient Peru. That means that when a child has
to study a pre-Columbian culture, that she can find
a friendly, informative and age appropriate tool that
can help her learn about ancient Peru. We hope
that every Peruvian who really wants to learn about
ancient Peru also visits the Museum, and that visitors
to Lima also stop by the Larco Museum. That is
the vision we are working towards. We have not
gotten there yet, but it is where we are going and will
continue going.
What kind of public is the Larco Museum
trying to reach and why?
As Unesco says, all cultural products should be
/61

INTERVIEW
Larco Museum

The Ritual Room shows the importance of natural for pre Hispanic societies.
/63

INTERVIEW
segmented as no one product can be directed to all
consumers. You need to know whom you are talking,
especially in a museum. And the perception problem
with museums in Peru is that they are considered
boring, largely because of their tradition of antiquated
signage, and dark, because of their poor lighting
and maintenance. That is why we concentrate on
attracting two groups of people whom we consider
to be interested in museums or at least, not afraid of
them.
Part of the success of the Larco Museum has been
to segment the public and be clear about whom
we are trying to attract. We are interested in two
groups. One is the foreign tourist. That is why we
have signage in six languages. The other group
is local students who come to us through the
Museum’s educational programs. The foreign tourist
who comes to Peru typically is interested in culture,
well read, and has visited museums in other parts of
the world. This kind of tourist has rated the Larco
Museum as one of the best in the world. On the
other hand, the students who come to the Museum
learn about Peruvian history through our educational
workshops. Through these workshops, we try to help
students develop a different idea of what museums
are and at the same time, learn about Peru in a fun
and interesting way. We’re developing relationships
with schools that want to integrate learning with
meaningful experiences; creating learning that is
valuable and fun.
What new projects does the Larco Museum
have coming up that support its vision?
We’re going to increase the size of our administrative
area, remodel our classification and storage, expand
our upstairs museum space and redesign the erotic
pottery display. Right now we are in the design stage,
but we are taking our time. We do not want to start
anything until the design is perfect.
WITH OVER 44,000
PIECES CATALOGUED,
THE LARCO MUSEUM WAS
RE-LAUNCHED IN 2010
Left: Through academic
programs, students learn
various ways to know
and understand Peruvian
history.
Right: Enjoying lunch in
the Museo Larco Café
Restaurant is a lovely
part of the experience
of visiting the Larco
Museum.
Larco Museum

Crowns from the Chimu culture.
ARCHAEOLOGY PROGRAM*
(5D/4N)
DAY 1 LIMA
Arrive in Lima and transfer to selected hotel. Visit the
Larco Museum, which has an excellent collection
of pre Hispanic gold and silver pieces, as well as a
superb collection of pre-Columbian, erotic pottery.
DAY 2 LIMA
Visit to the Pachacamac archaeological complex,
located 30 minutes south of Lima. Dine at the
Huaca Pucllana Restaurant. In the afternoon, visit the
National Archaeology and Anthropology Museum.
Fly to the northern city of Chiclayo.
*This program does not include Machu
Picchu as it will be the central theme of our
next edition of Ultimate Journeys.
*Program extension: Full day in the ancient
and Sacred City of Caral. For more
information contact Lima Tours.
DAY 3 CHICLAYO
Visit the Royal Tombs of Sipan Museum followed by
a stop in the local artisan neighbourhood. Then stop
at the Huaca Rajada and the Tucume archaeological
complex. Lunch at the Fiesta Chiclayo Gourmet
Restaurant. Then go to your hotel.
DAY 4 CHICLAYO-TRUJILLO
Go by bus to Trujillo in order to visit the town
of Magdalena de Cao and the Huaca El Brujo
archaeological complex.
Head back to your hotel after lunch.
DAY 5 TRUJILLO
Visit the Huacas of the Sun and of the Moon
archaeological complex. Then head to the
Huanchaco Beach for lunch. In the afternoon, visit
the ancient Chan Chan citadel. In the evening, enjoy
a tour of Trujillo by night.

Focus of
Civilisation
Peru: Five thousand years of Andean societies
Christopher Kleihege

PERU HAS BEEN
WITNESS TO THE
BIRTH OF THE FIRST
COMPLEX SOCIETIES IN
THE AMERICAS. SINCE
THE CIVILISATIONS
OF PERU’S SUPE AND
CASMA VALLEYS
FLOURISHED,
SIMULTANEOUS WITH
THE EGYPTIAN EMPIRE
IN THE MIDDLE EAST,
PERU HAS BEEN HOME
TO SOPHISTICATED
SOCIETIES THAT TODAY
ASTOUND THE WORLD
By
Diego Oliver
The Sacred City
of Caral: Sixty-six
hectares of
monumental
architecture that has
been recognized as
a World Heritage Site
by Unesco.
/67

FOCUS OF CIVILISATION
Caral’s largest
pyramid contrasts
with the fertile Supe
Valley.
Clay statues
discovered during
recent excavations.
Christopher Kleihege
When I was 15, a game called Age of Empires
came out. This strategy game allowed the
player to become a protagonist in the birth of
the European, Asian and Middle Eastern civilisations
from the Stone Age through the Iron Age and all leading
up to the creation of the Roman Empire. You could
choose to be part of any of these civilisations and, as
you progressed from mission to mission, you would
make historic discoveries – from the domestication of
plants to the different types of metals – which would
then allow you to evolve and, over the centuries,
develop your sophistication at war. Between mission
and mission, the hours went by.
I remember thinking that Peru would be perfect for
one of the stories in the game. After all, Peru offered
1.2 million square kilometres of inhospitable desert,
jagged Andean peaks, windswept Altiplano plains and
the exotic Amazon Jungle. It was a place where, over
5,000 years, incredible civilisations had been born, and
the experiences of all of them had eventually led to the
creation the Inca Empire.
Though we know that Peru has been home to humans
since at least 20,000 b.c., the first urban settlements
that demonstrate a complex, social organization were
along the country’s central coast, between the Supe
and Casma Valleys. Archaeological sites at Las Aldas,
Sechin, Caral and Aspero are examples of these
cities and all the sites share the common architectural
element of a sunken, circular central plaza. Radiocarbon
dating has put these communities between 3,000 b.c.
and 2,500 b.c., making them co-existent with other
sophisticated societies in Egypt, China and India. While
research shows that all the cities along this coastal
region were communicating regularly and under one
cultural dominion since the Chavin Empire (15,000 b.c.
to 2,000 b.c.), archaeologists continue to study how
that development happened.
The Chavin culture was centred in Chavin de Huantar,
a high Andean area in Ancash, tucked into a valley
between two 6,000-metre peaks. For decades, the
Chavin were known as the mother of Andean civilisation.
In fact, some scientists believe that the basic structures

Mayu Mohanna
HUMAN REMAIN HAVE
BEEN DISCOVERED
IN PERU DATING BACK
TO 20,000 YEARS B.C
20,000
YEARS B.C
Impressive stonework: Templo
Nuevo at Chavin de Huantar, a
World Heritage Site.
Oracle: This finely carved, stone
statue of the Chavin’s ferocious,
dominant god is called the
Lanzón Monolítico.
of the Quechua language were developed by the Chavin
and became the basis of Quechua before it’s later
influence by the Puquina and Aimara languages. New
research shows that, rather than ruling by decree, the
Chavin adapted their laws and political structures to the
needs and expectations of local peoples. The Chavin
economy was agriculturally based, though they also
had an extensive system of product exchange, which
allowed them to spread their culture valley to valley.
This stage of influence is referred to as the Early Horizon
period and is followed by the Early Intermediate period,
when cultures began growing up across Peru.
During the Early Intermediate period, the Paracas, Vicus,
Pukará, Tiahuanaco, Nasca, Moche, Recuay, Lima,
Huarpa, and other less complex or less investigated
cultures, coexisted, expanded and eventually fell into
ruin. The Paracas people (II b.c VI a.d.) were most likely
the first. The Paracas were able to develop a society
in the hostile environment of Peru’s southern, coastal
desert with an economy based on fishing, collecting
shellfish and agriculture, cultivating in deep holes in
Rodrigo Cabrera
/69

FOCUS OF CIVILISATION
Christian Declercq
Murals like this one found at the
El Brujo archaeological complex
were a principal achievement of the
Moche people.
Left: Wari ceramics, which
have been found in various
archaeological sites across Peru,
are one of the key factors in
determining the reach and breadth
of the Wari civilization.
Right: The Vicus, along with
other neighbouring people on the
northern coast, developed unique
metallurgical forms and techniques.
Renzo Tasso
Gihan Tubbeh

order to reach humid ground. Soon after, other societies
with other languages and their own unique identities
began to develop, each with its own political structure
and culture.
In the north, for example, the Vicus (V b.c. VIII a.d.)
were polytheists who lived primarily from agriculture,
using copper, silver and gold tools along with advanced
systems of irrigation. Analysing the iconography in
their ceramics, archaeologists have been able to make
some assumptions about their social structures and
beliefs. The Vicus developed a social hierarchy similar to
many societies, with a class of nobles connected with
the government, a military class, a commercial class,
farmers and finally slaves.
The Moche people (I VIII a.d.), who also lived along
Peru’s northern coast, spoke the now-extinct muchik
language. The Moche made enormous advances in
hydraulic engineering, architecture and metallurgy. Their
most impressive constructions were huge pyramids and
religious centres, built using vast amounts of human
labour, to adore Ai apaec, a ferocious god whose
image covers the walls of both the Huaca del Sol and
the Huaca de la Luna, Moche ruins found in the desert
outside of Trujillo.
In the flat, Andean Altiplanos, or high plains, that circle
Lake Titicaca, the Pukarás (I b.c. III a.d..) were the first
people to establish an urban development and to
dominate the hostile environment for animal husbandry
and agriculture. The Pukarás raised cattle and other
animals, and farmed using increasingly successful
techniques which eventually led to the creation of the
Tiahuanaco culture (I a.d-XIII a.d.), one of the greatest
Altiplano civilisations of its period, extending from Titicaca
to what today is northern Chile and southern Argentina.
With their enormous capital city with pyramids, plazas and
monoliths sitting on the southern shores of Lake Titicaca,
the Tiahuanaco spread the image of the mythological
god of the Báculos (thought to be the god Wiracocha in
later, Incan society) across its territories.
Like the Tiahuanaco, other civilisations also built
vast and important cities and ceremonial centres. On
Peru’s southern coast, the Nasca (I b.c.-VI a.d.), who
followed the Paracas civilisation, built their political and
religious centre in Cahuachi, a huge urban-ceremonial
complex that is remarkable for the social organization
needed for its construction. In addition to Cahuachi, the
Nasca people also created the so-called Nasca Lines,
mysterious engravings in the desert sands that are visible
only from the air. German Archaeologist Maria Reiche
spent years studying the lines and concluded that they
are part of a sophisticated solar calendar. The Nascas
additionally developed a complex system of aqueducts
in order to grow in the desert sands, expanding their
influence up into the mountains of Ayacucho, where
their contemporaries, the Warpas (I b.c. V a.d.), lived.
From this union of cultures, the powerful Wari Empire (VI
a.d. XIII a.d.) was born.
The birth of the Wari ushered in the Middle Horizon
Period, characterised by a large area of Peru being ruled
from an Andean base. The Wari influence grew to cover
Arequipa’s mountain and coastal region, greater Cusco
to the west, and all of Lambayeque to the north, creating
what is known as the first Andean Empire. After centuries
of social, religious and political control, the Wari empire
collapsed and new, local societies were reborn rich with
ancient knowledge and new technological advances.
The Chimú, Chachapoya, Ischmay, Chanca, Huanca,
Chincha, Quechua and Aimara people were these new
kingdoms which would eventually be incorporated into
the Inca Empire (1438-1533).
From the time when the first people of Peru discovered
agriculture and began to settle, their continuous process
of learning about and dominating their environment is
what allowed them to create powerful nations. Today we
can walk through enormous, ancient cities and imagine
what they must have been like filled with thousands
of people. Farmers and fisherman would have been
carrying their goods to the houses of the nobles, who
in turn would make offerings to the gods and distribute
those goods across the lands to feed the armies of
soldiers who protected the empire and the workers
who supported it. Some fought to help expand the
empire, while others built magnificent works of hydraulic
engineering, increasing the cultivable lands. As we look
back, it is clear that Perú is, without a doubt, the cradle
of Americas´s first, complex societies.
Rodrigo Cabrera
The doorway to Rumicolca:
This ancient aqueduct was
built by the Wari between 800
and 1,000 a.d. and later turned
into a control point by the
Incas.
AFTER ALL, PERU
OFFERED 1.2 MILLION
SQUARE KILOMETRES OF
INHOSPITABLE DESERT,
JAGGED ANDEAN
PEAKS, WINDSWEPT
ALTIPLANO PLAINS AND
THE EXOTIC AMAZON
JUNGLE. IT WAS A PLACE
WHERE, OVER 5,000
YEARS, INCREDIBLE
CIVILISATIONS HAD
BEEN BORN
/71

CULTURALLY BIODIVERSE
SEVENTY PER CENT
OF THE WORLD’S
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
EXISTS IN JUST
THREE COUNTRIES.
LOCATED ALONG THE
EQUATOR, THESE
THREE COUNTRIES ARE
KNOWN FOR THEIR
MEGA DIVERSITY AND
FOR THE FACT THAT,
INCREDIBLY, AND
DESPITE THEIR RICH
BIOLOGY, THEY COVER
ONLY 10 PER CENT OF
THE PLANET. ONE OF
THEM IS PERU.
By
Iñigo Maneiro
Farm dwellings at
over 4,000 metres
above sea level.

Christian Declercq
Culturally
Biodiverse
Nature and Civilisation
/75

CULTURALLY BIODIVERSE
Gihan Tubbeh
The Andes divide Peru into a desert coastal region dotted with agriculturally
rich valleys that reaches from the Amazon to the Pacific. The confluence of
the Humboldt and El Nino Currents along Peru’s long Pacific Coast makes the
Peruvian sea one of the world’s richest in fish and crustacean production.
At the same time, the Andes give birth to many of the Amazon’s most powerful
rivers. The rainforest areas of the high jungle where waters from the Andes rush
towards the Amazon are habitat to many of the world’s bird, animal, insect and
plant species. The Manu and Alto Purús National Parks offer unique opportunities
to see unspoiled natural habitats.
There are over 3,000 registered varieties of
potato in Peru, many of which were domesticated
in ancient times.
Man and the sea: This millennial relationship
developed by early Peruvian fisherman, continues
today.
Jirishanca, Mountain, 6,094 metres at its peak
NATURE AND CIVILISATION
In Peru the diverse geography means that the country has all kinds of records.
For example, Peru has the most varied number of classified life zones: 84 of 117;
and of different climates: 28 out of 32. This level of bio and eco diversity goes
hand in hand with cultural diversity and Peru, like the Mediterranean, China and
Mesoamerica, was the seat of one of the great world civilisations. Peru also has
contributed to world agriculture and breeding with the domestication of potatoes,
quinua, Guinea Pigs, Llama and Alpaca.
Throughout Peruvian history, different cultures adapted and developed within the
rich biodiversity of the country. Sophisticated coastal cultures such as the Nasca,
Moche and Sicán developed complex canal systems, cities and temples that
dominated the desert landscapes. Today we have archaeological remains at Caral,
where a large and complex society once ruled; an observatory at Chanquillo; and,
at Ventarron, the oldest coloured murals in the Americas.
Christian Declercq
Luis Yupanqui

Heinz Plenge
Walter Silvera
In the Amazon region, where over 50, independent indigenous groups live, different
communities classify and use plants for medicinal purposes. These plants later have
been used by pharmaceutical companies to make medicines, cosmetics and foods.
Recent examples are Peruvian Achiote, Uña de Gato, Quina and Cacao. The exuberant
jungle environment, with its record number of birds, plants and butterflies, forms part
of the world vision of the people who live here. In this world, plants and animals share
a “humanity”, or life energy, that is not exclusively human. The indigenous beliefs teach
that having this relationship of equals allows protection of the environment and future
sustainability.
In the Sierra, the different cultures have dominated the rough geography and difficult
climate, and many people, including Andean pastors, live at altitudes over 5,000 metres
above sea level. For thousands of years, and until the Inca were conquered by the
Spanish, Andean people built important empires including the Chachapoyas in the
north, the Wari in the Central Sierra, and finally the Inca, who constructed an enormous
empire that covered what today is much of Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Chile and Argentina,
and left the wonder that is Machu Picchu.
The Peruvian Amazon is a reserve of
invaluable biological treasures waiting
to be rediscovered.
Peru is habitat to 1,800 species of
birds.
/77

CULTURALLY BIODIVERSE
pERuviAn
woRld RECoRdS
}
José Barragán
PLANTS
Heinz Plenge
THE oCEAn RiCHEST in plAnkTon
And pHYToplAnkTon in THE woRld
84 LIFE ZONES
28 CLIMATES
4,400
182
USED FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
(1,200 PLANTS USED FOR FOOD;
1,500 PLANTS USED FOR MEDICINE)
NATIVE, DOMESTICATED PLANTS
máS dE:
2,000 FISH
3,500 BUTTERFLIES
4,000 VARIETIES OF POTATO
3,500 ORCHIDS
1,800 BIRDS

AGENDA
AGENDA
RANTIKUY FAIR
December 24th, Cusco’s Plaza de Armas
springs to life as over 1,400 artisans from
Cusco, Apurimac, Huancavelica, Ayacucho
and Arequipa set up the Santurantikuy Fair.
Santurantikuy, literally “buy a saint from me” in
Quechua has, over the years, become a major
attraction for locals and tourists as artisans from
around the Andes sell their best work.
LIMA THEATRE FESTIVAL
Lima’s downtown, historical district will be the site of this year’s Lima
Theatre Festival, from the 9th to the 30th of November. This year, over
20 companies from around the world will perform representing, among
other nations, Argentina, Australia, Chile, Colombia, The United States, the
United Kingdom, Belgium, Bolivia and Spain. For more information visit:
www.limacultura.pe.
SOMOS LIBRES
The MATE Museum in Barranco shows Somos
libres, We Are Free, a show of modern art from
the collection of Mario Testino, the well-known,
Peruvian fashion photographer, from October 15,
2013 through April 6, 2014. The show’s curator, Neville
Wakefield, has chosen a number of interesting pieces
including works by Cindy Sherman, Richard Prince and
Paul McCarthy. Tuesdays through Saturdays from 11
a.m. to 8 p.m. and Sundays from 11 a.m. until 6 p.m.
409 Avenida Pedro de Osma, Barranco.
Visit www.mate.pe
THE RURAQ MAKI FAIR OF HANDMADE GOODS
Peruvian folk art will be on sale at the popular Ruraq
Maki Fair from December 13 to the 22nd. Over 50 artist
collectives from regions around Peru will be on hand to
sell their locally made wares.

THE HUACONADA DANCE FROM JUNIN
La huaconada, a ritualized dance from the town of Mito in the Junin
Province, is danced annually during the first days of the new year.
Groups of men wearing masks and called huacones perform a
series represent ancient times and the advice of people from the past,
and they have maximum authority over the village while the celebration
lasts. Their whips, called thunderers, and their masks with long, beaked
noses that evoke the beaks of the condor, represent the spirit of the
sacred mountains, evidenced by the importance of their role. The
huaconada was declared an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
by Unesco in 2010.
CONCERTS
NOVEMBER
Luis Miguel (November 7)
The Psycho Real (November 7)
Japandroids (November 8)
Ringo Starr (November 11)
Prince Joyce (November 15)
Yngwie Malmsteem (November 18)
Marc Anthony, Don Omar y Ola Tañon (November 19)
Manuelcha Prado, Los Campesinos y Manuel Silva (November 21)
Philip Glass (November 23)
Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional (November 29)
Gian Marco, Fonseca, Noel y Alberto Plaza (November 30)
DECEMBER
Kreator y D.R.I (December 3)
Incubus (December 5)
Los Tres (December 6)
Bret Michaels (December 10)
You can buys tickets through:
Tu Entrada (www.tuentrada.com.pe)
Teleticket (www.teleticket.com.pe)
Punto Ticket (www.puntoticket.pe)
FESTIVAL OF EUROPEAN CINEMA
The Catholic University of Lima hosts the 25th
annual European Film Festival from October
22 through November 17. Organized by the
University’s filmoteca, over 300 movies will be screened
in theatres around Lima.
For more information check:
www.centroculturalpucp.com
/filmoteca/festival-de-cine-europeo-2013.html.
/81

EXPAT
Giuseppe
Orefici
By
Iñigo Maneiro
ITALIAN ARCHAEOLOGIST AND ARCHITECT, GIUSEPPE OREFICI, 67, IS THE DIRECTOR OF INVESTIGATION AT THE ANTONINI
MUSEUM AND RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ON GOING RESEARCH AT THE CAHUACHI TEMPLE, BOTH LOCATED IN NASCA.
When did you first arrive in Peru?
I came to Peru in 1977 because there was a job for an archaeologist in the rural
southern jungle area. And I stayed. Since then I have worked in Madre de Dios,
Yurimanguas, Ausangate and, primarily, in Nasca where I began my research
on Cahuachi in 1984.
What differences have you found on both a personal and professional
level between other countries where you worked and Peru?
In Peru I have found high quality people, and of course, a language that,
because it is easy for me, has allowed me to work in the country. I continue
to work in other countries but I have a special relationship with Peru where we
have developed so many projects: The Antonioni Museum, The Investigation
Centre, and my work in Cahuachi…….
What is archaeological work like?
Like ants we work slowly, steadily and within a distinct time frame and perspective.
For example, cleaning a 10-metre-long wall takes three people 10 full days.
What does a visit to Cahuachi add to the Nasca experience?
A tourist visit to Nasca should most definitely include a visit to Cahuachi because
it was the largest and most important cultural centre for the Nasca people for
over 1,000 years. A visit to Cahuachi helps one understand the people, and
thus better understand the monumental significance of the geoglyphs the locals
created, and the enormous artistic effort that it took to do so.
Recently there have been new archaeological discoveries in Huarmey.
Is there a limit to what we can find in Peru and in the paradigm changes
each of these discoveries implies?
Today, there is a deep understanding of the archaeological history of Peru for
the past 2,000 years, but the key to the future, at least for me, moves into the
jungle regions and continues in the Andean zones. The jungle is where we are
going to make new discoveries and therefore more deeply understand all of our
ancient history.
What is the vision of Peru in Italy? What grabs people’ s attention the
most?
Obviously, the Incas. There is very little knowledge about earlier Peruvian
civilisations. Peru is a country that seems very far away for Italians, though
it is well known for its important cultural history. Italians who visit Peru are
impressed not only with the country’s rich cultural traditions, but also with her
history, folklore traditions and natural beauty. Still, from the Italian perspective,
the archaeological monuments in Peru, and in Mexico, are the most important
historical objects in Latin American and therefore attract the most interest.
Why did you decide to stay and work in Peru?
I stayed because of my relationship with the ancient Nasca people. I think their
culture dominated others, and reflects an extremely complex relationship with
their deities that shows that the search for and aspiration towards a spiritual life
was a central aspect of the Nasca vision. That fascinates me and is the core
reason I stayed in Peru to study the Nasca people.
What would you like to see happen next?
I would like to see the work at Cahuachi finished, though I do not think it will
happen in my lifetime because of the amount of work still to be done. Still,
I would like to see at least that the path to that work is well defined for the
future; that we have a site that is illuminated; that there are cultural activities
that teach visitors about the culture; and that tourists can come and learn
about the Nasca people.

Unique clay and rock formation on Peru’s Pacific Coast, reachable only at low tide.
A JOURNEY
LIKE NO OTHER
Orient-Express is a collection of iconic hotels and
sophisticated travel adventures.
Stay in the heart of Cusco, Peru, at Palacio Nazarenas,
just one of our exceptional destinations worldwide.
DISCOVER PERU WITH ORIENT-EXPRESS
Miraflores Park Hotel, Lima l Hotel Monasterio & Palacio Nazarenas, Cusco l Machu Picchu Sanctuary Lodge , Machu Picchu l Hotel Rio Sagrado, Sacred Valley l Hiram Bingham Train
Reservations:
+51 (1) 610 8300
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HISTORIA DE PUNO
CRAFTING MAGNIFICENT
EXPERIENCES IN PERU
ONE GUEST AT A TIME
Kuelap, hidden Fortress of the Chachapoya People, a highlight of the Amazon - Pacific Region.
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