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crafting a

philosopher’s stone

The elusive philosopher’s stone has had many different interpretations

amongst various cultures. Commonly though,

they are oft perceived as an effective method of prolonging

human life or allowing for the creation of gold and silver when combined

with lesser metals. For centuries however, alchemists were at a loss when

challenged with synthesizing the stone. Over time certain parameters

were established that offered some guidance in accomplishing this

impossible task. Known by the 16th century as the Magnum

Opus (the great work), these guidelines were separated into

three core stages:

I. Nigredo (The Blackening)

Necessitates the cleansing and

breakdown of alchemical materials

into its most basic form

II. Albedo (The Whitening)

Removal of corrupt elements to cleanse and

purify materials. Often cycling back and forth

with Nigredo until perfect purity is achieved.

III. Rubedo (The Redenning)

Opposing materials coalesce and manifest as a success.

Alchemists theorized the stone would appear as a dry, red powder, and had

experimented thoroughly with the classical elements of earth, air, water,

and fire to create it. Varying accounts also exist of the legend’s legitimacy.

14th century scribe Nicolas Flamel was famously credited posthumously

with achieving immortality through the stone, while 17th century Henning

Brand discovered the first periodic element phosphorus in an attempt to

synthesize the same thing by boiling-down urine. Although the existence of

this alchemical legend has been thoroughly debunked by modern chemistry,

its legend continues to enchant wonder.

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