The American Philatelist May 2018

pathfinder planes checking the route, so he wasn’t transporting
mail. Todd had lunch in Bellefonte and left for Cleveland
that afternoon.
Also on the afternoon of the December 17, another Army
flying instructor, Edward A. “Al” Johnson, landed at Beaver
Airfield. Johnson stayed overnight and left at 9 a.m. on December
18, with one sack of mail for Cleveland only. Johnson
seems to have been the intended relay pilot/plane meeting
Smith, but news reports say he became impatient when
Smith was late in arriving at Bellefonte, and left.
Smith, arriving in Bellefonte around 11:15 a.m. December
18, had no choice but to fly on to Cleveland himself. He
had a map only for the route from New York to Bellefonte, so
a man at the airfield provided a makeshift map of the route
to Cleveland.
Despite having the appropriate map, Johnson got lost and
flew past Cleveland, landing in Sandusky, Ohio, and his sack
of mail for Cleveland traveled from Sandusky by automobile
or train. The Cleveland mail that Johnson was carrying had a
Bellefonte cancel and then a Cleveland backstamp, as shown
on the special delivery cover illustrated here.
So, there were two opportunities for flown covers from
Bellefonte on December 18, 1918 carried by Edward Johnson
or Leon Smith.
Reminiscences of the Early Days
The airfield in Bellefonte was in use only until flying mail
by night became possible. The original field was too small
for the larger planes and all the lighting necessary for night
flights. A spacious new airfield was constructed in nearby
Pleasant Gap and the first night landing took place on July
1, 1925. While the airfield was right in their neighborhood,
however, Bellefonte residents reveled in the excitement, and
welcomed the young men (sometimes only 19 or 20 years
old) into their homes and daily lives. The pilots dated local
young women and joined their circles of friends, played golf
at local courses and on town baseball teams, and celebrated
their birthdays in the company of new acquaintances.
Interviewed in 1991 for an article in Air & Space magazine,
local historian (and now the late) Hugh Manchester recalled
that, “There was an intimacy between the pilots and
the town. If they spotted a fire they’d
buzz the house to make sure people
452 AMERICAN PHILATELIST / MAY 2018
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were awake. They were heroes to the kids, girls as well as
boys. ... I suppose the airmail years were like the Golden Age
of Greece for us.”
When pilots began dying in the line of duty, beginning
with Charles H. Lamborn on July 19, 1919, just after flying
out of the Bellefonte airfield, it was not just news, but a personal
loss. The Democratic Watchman noted, “As a man he
was a very likable fellow; clean cut, straightforward, unobtrusive.
His short residence in Bellefonte won for him the esteem
and friendship of a large circle of acquaintances who were
shocked at his sad end almost as though he had been a lifelong
friend.” Nine pilots died in 1920, including some of the
most admired local fliers.
The mail pilots themselves called their group “the suicide
club.” Jack Knight, hero of the night mail and long experienced
on the eastern route, noted in his log of November 21,
1920, “Cleveland to Bellefonte, Fog – Wrote my will.” In Liberty
magazine, August 11, 1928, Paul Collins, then a veteran
of some 500,000 miles in the mail service, recalled his first
flight, seven and a half years earlier. He was trailed from the
airfield by a small boy who asked, “Say, mister, what does it
feel like to be a regular mail pilot?” Collins replied, “Son, it
felt to me like a terrible accident looking for someplace to
happen.”
Pioneers Paid Steep Price
The accidents, especially in the early years of the airmail
service, were reported in detail in the national press, offering
great scope to more imaginative and lurid writers. The
airmail route through Pennsylvania came to be called “Hell’s
Stretch, “Hell Stretch,” “Devil Stretch,” “Graveyard of the
Aviators,” “Graveyard of the Alleghenies,” and “Graveyard of
Aviation.” The graveyard names seem to have originated with
coverage of the fatal crash of Charles Ames on October 1,
1925 near Bellefonte. Ames and his plane were the focus of a
10-day search that received national attention.
Ames was the 30th airmail pilot to die since the Post Office
Department took over the service in 1918. However, he
was only the fifth (and the last) mail pilot to die in Pennsylvania
in the governmental airmail period, 1918-1927.
The National Postal Museum lists 35 pilot deaths during the
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