The Star: November 26, 2020
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Fault ruptures?<br />
“By analysing these rupture<br />
scenarios mathematically, you<br />
can calculate the ground shaking<br />
in different places – but you can<br />
realistically only do that for a<br />
limited range of scenarios because<br />
simulating the propagation of<br />
seismic waves through complex<br />
geological structures is a very large<br />
computational task.”<br />
<strong>The</strong> key to evaluating a broader<br />
range of earthquake rupture<br />
scenarios could lie in newlydeveloped<br />
methods of extracting<br />
information from background<br />
seismic noise – or what Townend<br />
called the Earth’s “hum”.<br />
“Much of what we record with<br />
seismometers is noise generated by<br />
ocean waves,” he said.<br />
“It looks pretty random but<br />
embedded in the incoherence<br />
are useful signals that tell us how<br />
seismic waves propagate between<br />
different parts of the Alpine Fault<br />
and, say, locations in Christchurch<br />
or Nelson or wherever you like.”<br />
Techniques for extracting those<br />
Latest Canterbury news at starnews.co.nz<br />
signals from the noise recordings<br />
have been developed by members<br />
of the team and applied successfully<br />
to faults in California and<br />
Japan.<br />
<strong>The</strong> novelty of this approach<br />
is that calculating how different<br />
patterns of slip on the fault affected<br />
ground shaking at locations<br />
of interest throughout the South<br />
Island and southern North Island<br />
could be done without having to<br />
simulate the entire wave propagation<br />
process.<br />
Townend said the approach<br />
meant they could efficiently and<br />
accurately simulate millions of different<br />
earthquakes.<br />
“This enables us to compute<br />
realistic ground shaking in<br />
population centres and at other<br />
vulnerable locations in response<br />
to many more earthquake rupture<br />
scenarios than can be practicably<br />
studied using conventional<br />
approaches,” Townend said.<br />
“This means that we can investigate<br />
a far more comprehensive<br />
range of scenarios that take into<br />
account the latest information we<br />
have about the fault’s current state,<br />
and obtain realistic probabilistic<br />
estimates of the shaking that will<br />
occur in inevitable future large<br />
Alpine Fault earthquakes.”<br />
<strong>The</strong> new study is being supported<br />
with a $960,000 grant from<br />
the Marsden Fund.<br />
– NZ Herald<br />
• From page 1<br />
Wilson said it is unclear<br />
how many students were<br />
involved, which school the<br />
injured student goes to, or<br />
how they were injured, but<br />
more will become clear during<br />
police investigations.<br />
“<strong>The</strong>re was an injury to<br />
someone and that’s what we’re<br />
investigating.<br />
“Once we’ve spoken to people<br />
involved, we’ll have some<br />
more but at the moment, it’s<br />
only that initial report,” said<br />
Wilson.<br />
NEWS 9<br />
School fight investigation<br />
CHRISTCHURCH Airport<br />
has been lauded as the first<br />
in the world to achieve the<br />
highest carbon certification<br />
an airport can achieve.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Airports Council<br />
International awarded<br />
Christchurch Airport top<br />
marks for its measurement<br />
and reduction of emissions.<br />
No other airport has<br />
achieved the rating of Airports<br />
Carbon Accreditation<br />
Level 4.<br />
<strong>The</strong> ACI said Christchurch<br />
Airport transformed its operations<br />
to achieve CO2 emissions<br />
reduction in alignment<br />
with the Paris Agreement.<br />
Christchurch Airport chief<br />
executive Malcolm Johns<br />
Thursday <strong>November</strong> <strong>26</strong> <strong>2020</strong> <strong>The</strong> <strong>Star</strong><br />
Smith said he understands<br />
the students involved in the<br />
incident were part of the<br />
athletic club but its treasurer<br />
Mark O’Reilly said its<br />
members do not practice on<br />
Wednesdays and most of<br />
them are primary school aged.<br />
Meanwhile, Grocott said a<br />
year 10 Shirley Boys’ student<br />
who is part of the athletic club<br />
and may have been involved<br />
in the incident will be spoken<br />
to by school staff.<br />
St Bede’s College did not<br />
return calls to <strong>The</strong> <strong>Star</strong>.<br />
Top award for airport<br />
was proud to receive the<br />
acknowledgement.<br />
At its peak, carbon emissions<br />
fell by 17 per cent due to<br />
lockdowns across the globe.<br />
John said the airport set a<br />
good example for its regional<br />
peers and for the airport<br />
industry as a whole.<br />
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