No. 104 - Miljøstyrelsen

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4 5 EXPOSURE AND RISK ASSESSMENT 45 5.1 EXPOSURE LEVELS 45 5.1.1 Exposure scenarios 45 5.1.2 Calculation method 46 5.1.3 Calculation values 46 5.1.4 Exposure calculations 49 5.2 RISK ASSESSMENT 51 5.2.1 Calculation method 51 5.2.2 DNEL values 51 5.2.3 Risk assessment scenario 1: Short-term exposure for 30 minutes 53 5.2.4 Risk assessment scenario 2: Exposure over longer time 54 5.3 SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION 55 6 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 57 7 REFERENCES 59
Preface This ”Survey and health assessment of mercury in compact fluorescent lamps and straight fluorescent lamps” has been commissioned by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency and carried out by FORCE Technology in the period from December 2009 to May 2010. The project has been monitored by a steering committee from the Danish Environmental Protection Agency consisting of: � Jette Rud Larsen Heltved, and � Elisabeth Paludan The project has been carried out by the following FORCE Technology staff members: � Pia Brunn Poulsen, project manager, risk assessment � Hanna Kristina Merrild, survey, and � Allan Astrup Jensen, health assessment of mercury and quality assurance 5
Page 1 and 2: Survey and health assessment of mer
Page 3: Contents PREFACE 5 SUMMARY AND CONC
Page 8 and 9: 8 Forms of mercury in compact and s
Page 10 and 11: 10 � Ordinary ventilation: Is slo
Page 13 and 14: 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose and cont
Page 15: Table 1-1 Maximum permitted content
Page 18 and 19: 18 � Light bulbs without integral
Page 20 and 21: 20 Figure 2-3. Example of lamp with
Page 22 and 23: 22 2.3 Survey of types of mercury c
Page 25 and 26: 3 Release of mercury from broken la
Page 27 and 28: momentarily at the time t=0, i.e. t
Page 29 and 30: same in both 30 cm’s and 1.5 mete
Page 31 and 32: Table 3-1 Values for contents of Hg
Page 33: pieces of broken glas and adhesive
Page 36 and 37: 36 Physico-chemical data Physical s
Page 38 and 39: 38 Table 4-1 Estimated daily averag
Page 40 and 41: 40 No information is available abou
Page 42 and 43: 42 Table 4-2 Limit values etc. for
Page 44 and 45: 44 A LOAEL of 0.025 mg Hg/m 3 (25
Page 46 and 47: 46 5.1.2 Calculation method For the
Page 48 and 49: 48 In practice, thus, a maximum of
Page 50 and 51: 50 To allow for the impact from ven
Page 52 and 53: 52 effects and even if the value is
Page 54 and 55:
54 � These calculations assume mo
Page 56 and 57:
56 as the source of exposure (the b
Page 58 and 59:
58 Evaporation of mercury will take
Page 60 and 61:
60 Den Store Danske, 2009. In Danis
Page 62 and 63:
62 NEMA, 2000. Environmental Impact
Page 64:
64 WHO, 2010. Joint FAO/WHO Expert
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No. 104 - Miljøstyrelsen

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