canping-huang-phd-novel-virus-discovery-in-bat-isn-translation

Explanation: 1. Resource: The Database of Bat-associated Viruses (DBatVir); 2. The numbers may not
be exact.
Although current research indicates that water birds are the main natural reservoir hosts
for type A influenza virus, influenza viruses found in bats are starting to get similar
attention [178] . In 1979, a Russian study showed that influenza virus A/H3N2 was found in
the Common noctule from the Republic of Kazakhstan [179] . In 1981, serological testing
indicated that multiple bat species in India were infected by A/H3N2 influenza virus [180] .
These results indicated that bats are easily infected by influenza virus, however, they were
never deemed to be critical reservoir hosts in the past in the eyes of epidemiologists. In
2009, Tong et al. found a new influenza virus, H17N10, in the body of Sturnira lilium of
Guatemala. This new influenza virus has eight gene segments that are greatly different
from the known A type influenza virus [181] . In 2013, Tong et al. went back to Peru and found
a new flu-like virus H18N11 in Artibeus planirostris. Serologic studies with the recombinant
H18 protein indicated that multiple bat species were infected by H18N11 flu-like virus. Flulike
viruses in bats have mutated over time, based on the detailed examination of these two
subtypes of influenza virus [182] . It also demonstrated that bats are like water birds, they
can be potential hosts for influenza viruses in nature. A recent study looked at 100 serum
samples from Eidolon Helvum from Ghana by using recombinant H1-H18 hemagglutinin
protein chips. It showed that 30% of the tested serum was H9 influenza A virus positive.
Some of the sera had a certain degree of cross-reaction with H8 and H12 subtypes. Given
H9 influenza virus is infectious to human, we should pay more attention to the role bats
play in influenza epidemics.
Recent outbreaks of new coronaviruses have made people recognize the importance of bats.
They could be the natural host for coronaviruses that are infectious to humans. Currently, a
massive research effort has proven that human infectious coronaviruses 229E, OC43,
NL63, HKU1, SARS-CoV, enteric coronavirus 4408, and the recently found MERS-CoV
potentially originate from bats. The research shows that the most likely host for SARS
coronavirus is Rhinolophus sinicus [72,76] . SARS-like coronaviruses are diverse and are found
in different species of bats and at different locations. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates
that these viruses are spread across different evolutionary groups [86, 183,184] .
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A partial translation into English of the PhD thesis: “Novel Virus Discovery in Bat and the Exploration of
Receptor of Bat Coronavirus HKU9” by Canping Huang, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,
2016. Translation completed for Independent Science News in March 2021.