Building Investment (May-June 2021)

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Concepts & DesignsArtist impression.(Source: Bartlett School of Architecture)3D PRINTING WITHTHERMOPLASTICSCREATES A FOLDINGSYSTEM THAT CONTROLSLIGHT TEMPERATURE34 May-June 2021 | www.b-i.biz
Artist impression.(Source: Bartlett School of Architecture)Artist impression.(Source: Bartlett School of Architecture)Artist impression.(Source: Bartlett School of Architecture)Artist impression.(Source: Bartlett School of Architecture)The roof of Euston Station in London is thelarge-scale architectural setting for the virtualapplication of the comprehensive system called‘Metaplas’, created by students from the BartlettSchool of Architecture, University College London(UCL).As part of an investigation carried outin Research Cluster 8 (RC8) of the Master’s programme inArchitectural Design, students developed a 3D-printed multimaterialsystem from biodegradable and recyclable thermoplastics.Transforming a series of flat panels into complex three-dimensionalforms, students created a structural system with geometric foldsthat allows for passive control of the lighting of interior spaces.Contemporary design and construction methods often lack amodel for unifying design, materiality, structural requirements, andfabrication through digital tools. Responding to this lack, Metaplasis the result of the search to achieve an integral architecturalsystem through digitization. In addition, the system can bemanufactured in an environmentally friendly and ethical way, andmay offer economic benefits as well. For example, in the case ofEuston Station, recycling and 3D printing facilities located withina defined radius from the site were mapped and identified topromote the development of the local economy.From extensive research on materials for 3D printing, BartlettSchool of Architecture students identified two potential recyclablethermoplastics – rigid PLA (polylactic acid) and flexible filamentTPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) – optimal for achieving a multimaterialfolding panel. The panel is 3D printed flat and turnedinto a three-dimensional object through an integrated systemof patterns. The panel folds, which make up the structure, aresecured by a cable system and a clip closure mechanism, whichfacilitates assembly, disassembly, and maintenance. According tothe team, “bending was enhanced as a geometric tool through acustom process, which involves structural analysis prior to bending.Areas that require more structure are the densest in bends, whileareas that are inherently structural are scarcer.”Likewise, the integration of thermochromic plastics is proposedthrough a micro pattern embedded in each panel. This type ofplastic stands out for its pigmentation, which allows the materialto change colour as the temperature changes. Its applicationachieves passive control over the lighting of interior spaces,improving environmental comfort and also generating a sense ofdirectionality in the space.In addition to the multiple environmental, technological,and economic benefits, the Metaplas system is presented as aninteresting reference for how a structural system can be effectivefrom a micro-scale to a macro-scale, demonstrating that thestrength and flexibility of the structure does not depend on size.(Source: archdaily.com)May-June 2021 | www.b-i.biz 35
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