How to Think Like a Computer Scientist - Learning with Python, 2008a

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Index Make Way for Ducklings, 75 Python Library Reference, 81 abecedarian, 75 abstract class, 206 abstract data type, see ADT access, 84 accumulator, 164, 167, 176 addition fraction, 234 ADT, 191, 196, 197 Priority Queue, 199, 203 Queue, 199 Stack, 192 algorithm, 9, 144, 145 aliasing, 92, 96, 110, 135 ambiguity, 7, 131 fundamental theorem, 186 animal game, 216 append method, 163 argument, 23, 30, 35 arithmetic sequence, 65 assignment, 12, 21, 61 multiple , 72 tuple, 98, 105, 166 attribute, 130, 137 class, 161, 167 AttributeError, 226 base case, 44, 47 binary operator, 209, 219 binary tree, 207, 219 block, 39, 47 body, 39, 47 loop, 63 boolean expression, 37, 47 boolean function, 54, 167 bracket operator, 73 branch, 40, 47 break statement, 119, 126 bug,4,9 call function, 23 call graph, 112 Card, 159 cargo, 181, 190, 207 chained conditional, 40 character, 73 character classification, 80 child class, 169, 179 child node, 207, 219 circular buffer, 206 circular definition, 55 class, 129, 137 Card, 159 Golfer, 205 LinkedList, 188 Node, 181 OldMaidGame, 175 OldMaidHand, 173 parent, 170, 172 Point, 153 Stack, 192 class attribute, 161, 167 classification character, 80 client, 192, 197
244 Index clone, 96 cloning, 92, 110 coercion, 35 type, 24, 113 collection, 183, 192 column, 95 comment, 19, 21 comparable, 162 comparison fraction, 235 string, 76 compile, 2, 9 compile-time error, 221 compiler, 221 complete language, 55 complete ordering, 162 composition, 19, 21, 26, 53, 159, 163 compound data type, 73, 81, 129 compound statement, 39, 47 body, 39 header, 39 statement block, 39 compression, 113 computational pattern, 78 concatenation, 18, 21, 75, 77 list, 87 condition, 47, 63, 224 conditional chained, 40 conditional branching, 39 conditional execution, 39 conditional operator, 162 conditional statement, 47 constant time, 201, 206 constructor, 129, 137, 160 continue statement, 120, 126 conversion type, 24 copy module, 135 copying, 110, 135 counter, 78, 81 counting, 101, 113 cursor, 72 data structure generic, 192, 193 recursive, 181, 190, 208 data type compound, 73, 129 dictionary, 107 immutable, 97 long integer, 113 tuple, 97 user-defined, 129, 231 dead code, 50, 60 dealing cards, 171 debugging, 4, 9, 221 deck, 163 decrement, 81 deep copy, 137 deep equality, 132, 137 definition circular, 55 function, 27 recursive, 214 deletion list, 89 delimiter, 96, 123, 194, 197 denominator, 231 deterministic, 105 development incremental, 51, 145 planned, 145 development plan, 72 dictionary, 95, 107, 115, 122, 226 method, 109 operation, 108 directory, 123, 126 division integer, 24 documentation, 190 dot notation, 25, 35, 109, 149, 152 dot product, 154, 158 Doyle, Arthur Conan, 5
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How to Think Like a Computer Scient
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How to Think Like a Computer Scient
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Foreword By David Beazley As an edu
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Preface By Jeff Elkner This book ow
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make instant changes whenever someo
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call (type) out its name.” Parame
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Contributor List To paraphrase the
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• Paul Sleigh found an error in C
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xvii • Roger Sperberg pointed out
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Contents Foreword v Preface vii Con
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Contents xxi 4.7 Nested conditional
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Contents xxiii 8.15 Matrices . . .
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Contents xxv 14.4 A more complicate
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Contents xxvii 19.4 Improved Linked
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Chapter 1 The way of the program Th
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1.2 What is a program? 3 $ python P
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1.3 What is debugging? 5 1.3.2 Runt
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1.4 Formal and natural languages 7
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1.6 Glossary 9 source code: A progr
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Chapter 2 Variables, expressions an
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2.3 Variable names and keywords 13
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2.4 Statements 15 >>> 76trombones =
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2.6 Operators and operands 17 2.6 O
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2.9 Composition 19 On one hand, thi
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2.11 Glossary 21 state diagram: A g
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Chapter 3 Functions 3.1 Function ca
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3.4 Math functions 25 >>> minute =
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3.6 Adding new functions 27 problem
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3.7 Definitions and use 29 3.7 Defi
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3.10 Variables and parameters are l
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3.12 Functions with results 33 The
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3.13 Glossary 35 local variable: A
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Chapter 4 Conditionals and recursio
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4.4 Conditional execution 39 In gen
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4.7 Nested conditionals 41 Each con
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4.9 Recursion 43 countdown expects
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4.11 Infinite recursion 45 4.11 Inf
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4.13 Glossary 47 block: A group of
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Chapter 5 Fruitful functions 5.1 Re
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5.2 Program development 51 avoid lo
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5.3 Composition 53 3. Once the prog
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5.5 More recursion 55 But the extra
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5.6 Leap of faith 57 __main__ facto
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5.8 Checking types 59 >>> factorial
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Chapter 6 Iteration 6.1 Multiple as
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6.2 The while statement 63 1. Evalu
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6.3 Tables 65 1.0 0.0 2.0 0.6931471
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6.5 Encapsulation and generalizatio
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6.7 Local variables 69 6.7 Local va
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6.9 Functions 71 the function is ca
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Chapter 7 Strings 7.1 A compound da
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7.3 Traversal and the for loop 75 T
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7.6 Strings are immutable 77 Other
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7.9 The string module 79 As an exer
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7.11 Glossary 81 There are other us
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Chapter 8 Lists A list is an ordere
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8.3 List length 85 If you try to re
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8.6 List operations 87 for VARIABLE
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8.9 List deletion 89 >>> list = [
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8.10 Objects and values 91 8.10 Obj
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8.13 List parameters 93 >>> b[0] =
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8.16 Strings and lists 95 might be
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Chapter 9 Tuples 9.1 Mutability and
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9.3 Tuples as return values 99 9.3
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9.6 Counting 101 >>> randomList(8)
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9.7 Many buckets 103 bucketWidth =
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9.9 Glossary 105 9.9 Glossary Assig
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Chapter 10 Dictionaries The compoun
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10.2 Dictionary methods 109 10.2 Di
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10.5 Hints 111 An alternative is to
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10.6 Long integers 113 Using this v
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10.8 Glossary 115 overflow: A numer
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Chapter 11 Files and exceptions Whi
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11.1 Text files 119 The following f
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11.2 Writing variables 121 the str
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11.3 Directories 123 11.3 Directori
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11.5 Exceptions 125 Or trying to op
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11.6 Glossary 127 format sequence:
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Chapter 12 Classes and objects 12.1
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12.3 Instances as arguments 131 con
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12.5 Rectangles 133 >>> p1 = Point(
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12.8 Copying 135 The variables dwid
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12.9 Glossary 137 12.9 Glossary cla
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Chapter 13 Classes and functions 13
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13.3 Modifiers 141 The output of th
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13.5 Prototype development versus p
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13.8 Glossary 145 Similarly, the te
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Chapter 14 Classes and methods 14.1
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14.3 Another example 149 class Time
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14.5 Optional arguments 151 if done
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14.7 Points revisited 153 >>> curre
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14.9 Polymorphism 155 def __mul__(s
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14.10 Glossary 157 Of course, we in
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Chapter 15 Sets of objects 15.1 Com
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15.3 Class attributes and the str m
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15.5 Decks 163 def __cmp__(self, ot
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15.7 Shuffling the deck 165 >>> dec
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15.9 Glossary 167 class Deck: ... d
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Chapter 16 Inheritance 16.1 Inherit
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16.3 Dealing cards 171 16.3 Dealing
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16.6 OldMaidHand class 173 class Ca
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16.7 OldMaidGame class 175 Hand fra
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16.7 OldMaidGame class 177 class Ol
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16.8 Glossary 179 Hand Allen picked
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Chapter 17 Linked lists 17.1 Embedd
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17.3 Lists as collections 183 node1
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17.5 Infinite lists 185 We invoke t
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17.8 Wrappers and helpers 187 def r
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17.10 Invariants 189 tail = self.ne
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Chapter 18 Stacks 18.1 Abstract dat
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Page 228 and 229: Chapter 19 Queues This chapter pres
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Page 232 and 233: 19.5 Priority queue 203 and it is m
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Page 236 and 237: Chapter 20 Trees Like linked lists,
Page 238 and 239: 20.2 Traversing trees 209 20.2 Trav
Page 240 and 241: 20.4 Tree traversal 211 def printTr
Page 242 and 243: 20.5 Building an expression tree 21
Page 244 and 245: 20.5 Building an expression tree 21
Page 246 and 247: 20.7 The animal tree 217 Are you th
Page 248 and 249: 20.8 Glossary 219 def yes(ques): fr
Page 250 and 251: Appendix A Debugging Different kind
Page 252 and 253: A.2 Runtime errors 223 A.1.1 I can
Page 254 and 255: A.2 Runtime errors 225 If there is
Page 256 and 257: A.3 Semantic errors 227 A.3 Semanti
Page 258 and 259: A.3 Semantic errors 229 return self
Page 260 and 261: Appendix B Creating a new data type
Page 262 and 263: B.1 Fraction multiplication 233 >>>
Page 264 and 265: B.4 Comparing fractions 235 This re
Page 266 and 267: B.6 Glossary 237 reduce: To change
Page 268 and 269: Appendix C Recommendations for furt
Page 270 and 271: C.2 Recommended general computer sc
Page 274 and 275: Index 245 element, 83, 96 embedded
Page 276 and 277: Index 247 well-formed, 189 list del
Page 278 and 279: Index 249 redundancy, 7 reference,
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