Spring 2021 EN

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English Issue Biogas Journal | Spring_2021 Dr. Sonja Dreymann making a pH test (a rapid test using a Hellige model pH meter) to determine the pH level and to find out if the silted topsoil is caused by acidification or whether acidification can be ruled out. Dr. Sonja Dreymann using a pipette to trickle hydrochloric acid onto a soil sample for the so-called carbonate test. Dr. Sonja Dreymann during advisory work on the Szarvasi and grain stock. She thinks in terms of cycles, analyzes agriculture as a whole, with special focus on the soil and on soil life. Her customers are farmers seeking advice on how to breathe more life and more humus into their arable land once more. “If the yield isn´t good, then it was the weather,” remarked Dreymann about the Szarvasi stock produced by the biogas producer Kalle Rave in Ausacker in Schleswig- Holstein south of Flensburg. A dozen farmers and biogas producers stand around her, listening closely to her comments on a soil sample. “You can see that the root density in the lower part is quite good, but further up, right under the surface, there is a narrow soil horizon that is condensed,” she explains, breaking the piece of topsoil. Mentally combining the soil condition and nutrient supply “As the panicle likes this compaction, it gratefully spreads and increasingly forces out the energy grass.” “Well, under wet conditions up to the beginning of March and then only dryness,” a participant interjects. “How can you change that?” “Yes, sure. The weather conditions this year most certainly increased this condition, but the silting up may be a sign that there is not enough calcium on the surface because of a high potassium level, so that not enough oxygen can get into the upper layer,” Dr. Dreymann answers. To check her assumption, she makes the so-called carbonate test, for which she trickles diluted hydrochloric acid onto the photos: Dierk Jensen 24
Triple Lifetime and Easiest Maintenance Biogas Journal | Spring_2021 English Issue soil horizon.“There is no formation of vapor bubbles, so there is obviously not enough calcium carbonate,” Dreymann states. She advises the biogas producer Rave to do liming in the spring and to work the field with a grass rejuvenator (a kind of harrow) before the first cut – it will gently slit open the soil so that air can get in.” Dr. Dreymann and the farmers speak at eye level. Her aim is not to discuss the topic in a monolog, but rather to find constructive solutions to the dilemma that crop yields have significantly declined at so many arable farms in recent years. Maize harvests of 50 tons of fresh matter per hectare are now a thing of the past in a lot of areas. Many of the farmers at Dreymann’s practical soil seminar agree, some of them even mention up to 20 percent less harvest yields. It shows that something is going wrong. The climate change reveals management errors “Success in the field ultimately always depends on the method of cultivation,” Dreymann notes unmistakable. “The climate change and extreme weather conditions in recent years have exacerbated or confirmed this fact.” But this does not mean that there are no strategic solutions to these growing challenges. Quite the contrary. But Dreymann also said that farmers have to rethink the way they are treating the soil and that they have to realize that plants Uwe Schmidt in his own laboratory with fermentation specimens. and the soil form a close symbiosis which must be observed. For that purpose, what they knew in the past and what is still generally being circulated by the chambers of agriculture is no longer adequate. Classical soil analyses with mere NPK values do not provide the answers to important questions. Knowing more about the soil, about research on humic substances and about soil microbiology therefore requires a new transfer of the knowledge which Dreymann actively mediates. Humification plays a key role here, but it will not work if the nutrients in the soil fall out of balance. The high phosphate levels on many farms, for example, prevent the build-up of humus. According to Dreymann, if fermented manure is used appropriately, it could contribute to humification which has a high level of binding capacity for nitrogen. Promoting bacteria that fix nitrogen in the air Soil experts assume that about 2,500 kilograms of nitrogen fixation per hectare are required to increase humus in the soil by one percent. Dreymann knows that this cannot be done merely by fertilizing, but rather through the fixation of free nitrogen from the air by micro-organisms that also live around the roots of non-leguminous matter. Promoting the activity of the micro-organisms with more diversity and greater root penetration with sugar-containing root exudates is the prerequisite to binding xLC® Unit Complements FSIP® Concept The xLC® stator adjustment unit increases pump life threefold: In case of wear in the rotor-stator system the effciency of the pump is simply restored by readjusting the preload between the conveyor elements. If the service is due, this can be done thanks to the FSIP® concept quickly and easily in half of the usual time. This is the most service-friendly progressing cavity pump ever. NEMO® progressing cavity pump with xLC® unit 25 NETZSCH Pumpen & Systeme GmbH Tel.: +49 8638 63-0 info.nps@netzsch.com www.netzsch.com
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Spring 2021 EN

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