4. Case study: Top Toy, Brio and Coop in China - Swedwatch

39 Elisabeth Tang, General secretary, the Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions, the HKCTU, Hong Kong,
2004-05-18.
40 China Labour Bulletin, CLB, supports Chinese workers' organising and a.o. get legal aid, www.china-
labour.org.hk.
41 Han Dongfang, China Labour Bulletin, Hong Kong, 2004-05-18.
42 “People’s Republic of China: Annual Survey of Violations of Trade Union Rights 2003”, www.icftu.org,
2004-01-08.
43 The paragraph about purchases builds on interviews with a.o. Christian Jakobsson, CEO, Intergroup, Stefan
Risberg, CEO, Toyman as well as exhibitors at the toy fair at Upplands Väsby in April 2004.
44 Top Toys' own information from a meeting in Hong Kong with the CEO of Top Toy Hong Kong, Lars
Gjoerup, the product safety manager Jon Vastrup and the code of conduct responsible Wydy Ling, 2004-05-29.
45 Toys are developed and manufactured in above all two different ways; one is known as OEM (Original
Equipment Manufacturer) and means that the customer already has designed and developed a toy which the
company tries to find a manufacturing factory for. The other way is known as ODM (Original Design and
Manufacturer) and means that the factory itself designs and develops toys and finds customers who are interested
in placing and order by them. The customer then does not just buy the product, but also the design from the
supplier.
46 Rolf Ericsson, chairman, Barnens Hus, Upplands Väsby, 2004-04-02.
47 I.Y. Sim, CEO, supplier I, Shenzhen, 2004-05-26.
48 Stefan Risberg, CEO, Toyman, Stockholm, 2004-04-02.
49 Among others Christian Jakobsson, CEO Intergroup, the COOP purchase company in Hong Kong, 2004-05-20
and Lars Gjoerup, CEO Top Toy Hong Kong, 2004-05-29.
50 ”Integration with the Pearl River Delta – Unfair Trade for Unfair Toys”, press release from HKCIC, 2003-01-
10, p 5.
51
I.Y. Sim, CEO, supplier I, Shenzhen, 2004-05-26.
52
Christian Jakobsson, CEO, Intergroup, Hong Kong, 2004-05-20.
53
Charles Cheng, sales manager, supplier C, Hong Kong, 2004-05-28.
54
Tong Hor Fu, supplier G, Dongguan, 2004-05-20.
55
HKCIC prestudy for SwedWatch, interviews with employee at nine suppliers of toys to Nordic companies,
February 2004.
56
Tai Guang Lai, factory manager at supplier C, Shenzhen, 2004-05-26.
57
Chan, Anita, 2002, ”The Culture of Survival: Lives of Migrant Workers Through the Prism of Private Letters”,
Chap 7, p 163.
58 “Integration with Pearl River Delta – Unfair Trade for Unfair Toys”, press release from the Hong Kong
Christian Industrial Committee, 2003-01-10.
59 HKCIC prestudy for SwedWatch, February 2004, Kaiming, 2004:34, conversation with Liu Kaiming, ICO,
Parry Leung, HKCIC, company representatives and others.
59 Lars Gjoerup, CEO Top Toy Hong Kong, 2004-05-29.
61 A hot discussion has for a long time been the meaning of wages that you can live on. In the general declaration
of the UN (article 23) about human rights, it is said that a person's wages shall permit the person to satisfy
his/her basic needs. The definition however does not tell how many people in a family that shall be provided for
by these wages.
62 Interview with anonymous migrant workers, Shenzhen, 2004-05-25.
63 HKCIC prestudy for SwedWatch, February 2004.
64 Interview with anonymous migrant workers, Shenzhen, 2004-05-25.
65 Kaiming, Liu (2004), ”Listening to Workers' Voice”, p 42 – 43.
66 ”Factory Dormitories in South China – A research report”, 2002, Pentland and ICO as well as an interview
with Parry Leung, HKCIC, Hong Kong, 2004-05-29.
67 Ibid:10.
68 HKCIC prestudy for SwedWatch, February 2004.
69 Chan, Anita,”A Race to the Bottom – Globalisation and China’s labour standards”, China Perspectives, No 46,
March – April, 2003.
70 According to Anita Chan for example Vietnam and Kambodja have a similar wage level despite significantly
lower costs of living.
71 The exchange rate for Chinese RMB into Euro, 1 RMB = 0,87 Euro, per 2004-09-02 and later converted from
Euro into Euro by the rate 1 Euro = 9 Euro per 2005-04-19. In the original Swedish report all costs and prises
where mentioned in Euro.
72 The HKCTU is the Hong Kong equivalent of the Swedish Trade Union Confederation and the only
independent trade union confederation of China.
62