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Focus on implants - Nobel Biocare

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7 March 2008 <str<strong>on</strong>g>Focus</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>implants</strong> 99<br />

Figure 17: Prepared sinus,<br />

left side<br />

Figures 15, 16 & 17.<br />

Once the membrane had<br />

been elevated, osteotomies<br />

were prepared for the<br />

simultaneous placement of<br />

two <strong>implants</strong> (SPI implant,<br />

Alpha Bio, Israel, modified<br />

and marketed as <strong>Nobel</strong>Active<br />

by <strong>Nobel</strong><strong>Biocare</strong>), Figures<br />

18 & 19.<br />

With the osteotomies<br />

prepared, the sinuses were<br />

both packed with large<br />

particulate Bio-Oss (Geistlich<br />

Biomaterials, Wolhusen,<br />

Switzerland), Figures 20 &<br />

21. The two <strong>implants</strong> were<br />

then placed by hand with<br />

excellent primary stability<br />

and closed over with cover<br />

screws, Figures 22- 25.<br />

The lateral windows were<br />

covered with a bovine<br />

peri-cardium membrane<br />

(Tutogen Medical GmbH,<br />

Germany) and the flaps<br />

sutured with tensi<strong>on</strong> free<br />

closure, Figures 26-29.<br />

The post-operative periapical<br />

radiographs, Figures<br />

30 & 31, show a good<br />

positi<strong>on</strong> and volume of tissue<br />

around the <strong>implants</strong> for later<br />

restorati<strong>on</strong> <strong>on</strong>ce integrated.<br />

Although experienced<br />

surge<strong>on</strong>s will not have any<br />

problems handling these<br />

frequently encountered<br />

problems, even less experienced,<br />

but properly trained<br />

surge<strong>on</strong>s should be able to<br />

perform these and other<br />

surgical procedures with a<br />

greater degree of safety. 19<br />

The advantage of Piezo<br />

surgery is that it creates a<br />

virtually blood free operating<br />

area increasing visibility and<br />

minimal heat is generated by<br />

the inserts, minimising<br />

necrosis due to cellular<br />

damage. One slight drawback<br />

may be that it is slower than<br />

c<strong>on</strong>venti<strong>on</strong>al approaches, but<br />

the advantages far outweigh<br />

this slight inc<strong>on</strong>venience.<br />

References<br />

Figure 18: Implant osteotomy, right side Figure 19: Implant<br />

osteotomy, left side<br />

Figure 21: Graft placement, left side Figure 22: Alpha bio SPI implant placement, Figure 23: Alpha bio SPI implant<br />

placement, left side<br />

Figure 25: Stable implant and graft in situ,<br />

left side<br />

1. Tatum H. Maxillary and<br />

sinus implant rec<strong>on</strong>structi<strong>on</strong>s.<br />

Dent Clin. North Am. 1986;<br />

30:207-29<br />

2. Boyne P, James R. Grafting<br />

of th maxillary sinus floor<br />

with autogenous marrow and<br />

b<strong>on</strong>e. J Oral Surg. 1980; 38:613-<br />

6<br />

3. Traxler H, Windisch A,<br />

Geyerhofer U, Surd R, Solar P,<br />

Firbas W. Arterial blood supply<br />

of the maxillary sinus. Clin Anat.<br />

1999; 12(6):417-21<br />

4. Solar P, Geyerhofer U,<br />

Traxler H, Windisch A, Ulm C,<br />

Watzek G. Blood supply to the<br />

Figure 26: Bovine pericardium membrane,<br />

right side<br />

maxillary sinus relevant to sinus<br />

floor elevati<strong>on</strong> procedures. Clin<br />

Oral Implants Res. 1999;<br />

10(1):34-44<br />

5. Lundgren S, Anderss<strong>on</strong><br />

S, Gualini F, Sennerby L. B<strong>on</strong>e<br />

reformati<strong>on</strong> with sinus membrane<br />

elevati<strong>on</strong>. Clinical Implant Dentistry<br />

and Related Research.<br />

2004; 6(3):165-73<br />

6. Yeung R, Jin L, Pang M,<br />

Pow E. Human histologic and<br />

electromicroscopic analysis with<br />

synthetic peptide enhanced<br />

hydroxyapatite in the maxillary<br />

sinus elevati<strong>on</strong> procedure.<br />

Implant Dentistry. 2005;<br />

14(3):237-39<br />

7. Degidi M, Piattelli M,<br />

Scarano A, Iezzi G, Piattelli A.<br />

Maxillary sinus augmentati<strong>on</strong><br />

with a synthetic cell-binding peptide:<br />

Histological and histomorphometrical<br />

results in humans. J<br />

Oral Implantology. 2004;<br />

30(6):376-83<br />

8. Fugazzotto P, Vlassis J.<br />

Report of 1633 <strong>implants</strong> inn 814<br />

augmented sinus areas in functi<strong>on</strong><br />

for up to 180 m<strong>on</strong>ths.<br />

Implant Dentistry. 2007;<br />

16(4):369-75<br />

9. Peleg M, Mazor Z,<br />

Chaushu G, Garg A. Sinus floor<br />

augmentati<strong>on</strong> with simultaneous<br />

implant placement in the severely<br />

resorbed atrophic maxilla. J Period<strong>on</strong>tol.<br />

1998; 69:1397-1403<br />

Figure 27: Bovine pericardium membrane,<br />

left side<br />

Figure 29: Flap closure, left side Figure 30: Post-op radiograph, right side Figure 31: Post-op radiograph, left side<br />

10. Mazor Z, Peleg M, Gross<br />

M. Sinus augmentati<strong>on</strong> for single<br />

tooth replacement in the posterior<br />

maxilla. Int J Oral Maxillofac<br />

Implants. 1999; 14:55-60<br />

11. Schwartz-Arad D,<br />

Herzberg R, Dolev E. The prevelance<br />

of surgical complicati<strong>on</strong>s of<br />

the sinus procedure and their<br />

impact <strong>on</strong> implant survival. J<br />

Period<strong>on</strong>tol. 2004; 75(4):511-6<br />

12. Elian N, Wallace S, Cho<br />

SC, Jalbout ZN, Froum S. Distributi<strong>on</strong><br />

of the maxillary artery as it<br />

relates to sinus floor augmentati<strong>on</strong>.<br />

Int J Oral Maxillofac<br />

Implants. 2005; 20(5):784-7<br />

13. Mardinger O, Abba M,<br />

Hirschberg A, Schwartz-Arad D.<br />

Prevelance, diameter and course<br />

of the maxilary intraosseous vascular<br />

canal with relati<strong>on</strong> to sinus<br />

augmentati<strong>on</strong> procedure: a radiographic<br />

study. Int J Maxillofac<br />

Surg. 2007; 36(8):735-8<br />

14. Flanagan D. Arterial<br />

supply of maxillary sinus and<br />

potential for bleedin complicati<strong>on</strong><br />

during lateral approach sinus<br />

elevati<strong>on</strong>. Implant Dentistry.<br />

2005; 14(4):336-8<br />

15. Karabuda C, Arisan V,<br />

Hakan O. Effects of sinus membrane<br />

perforati<strong>on</strong>s <strong>on</strong> the success<br />

of dental <strong>implants</strong> placed in the<br />

augmented sinus. J Period<strong>on</strong>tol.<br />

2006; 77(12): 1991-7<br />

16. Bar<strong>on</strong>e A, Santini S,<br />

Sbord<strong>on</strong>e L, Crespi R, Covani U.<br />

A clinical study of the outcomes<br />

and complicati<strong>on</strong>s associated<br />

with maxillary sinus augmentati<strong>on</strong>.<br />

Int J Oral Maxillofac<br />

Implants. 2006; 21(1):81-5<br />

17. Ardekian L, Oved-Peleg<br />

E, Mactei E, Peled M. The clinical<br />

significance of sinus membrane<br />

perforati<strong>on</strong> during<br />

augmentati<strong>on</strong> of the maxillary<br />

sinus. J Oral Maxillofac Surgery.<br />

2006; 64(2):277-82<br />

18. Happe A. Use of a<br />

piezoelectric surgical device to<br />

Figure 20: Graft placement, right side<br />

Figure 24: Stable implant and graft in situ, right<br />

Figure 28: Flap closure, right side<br />

harvest b<strong>on</strong>e grafts from the<br />

mandibular ramus: report of 40<br />

cases. Int J Period<strong>on</strong>tics and<br />

Restorative Dentistry. 2007;<br />

27(3):241-9<br />

19. Schlee M, Steigmann M,<br />

Bratu E, Garg A. Piezosurgery:<br />

basics and possibilities. Implant<br />

Dentistry. 2006; 15(4):334-8<br />

20. Lee H, Ahn M, Sohn D.<br />

Piezoelectric distracti<strong>on</strong> osteogenesis<br />

in the atrophic maxillary<br />

anterior area: a case report.<br />

Implant Dentistry. 2007;<br />

16(3):227-32.<br />

Dr Nikhil Sisodia BDS qualified from<br />

Bristol University in 1995. Following<br />

a year as a Senior House Officer in<br />

Restorative Dentistry and several years<br />

in general practice in L<strong>on</strong>d<strong>on</strong>, he<br />

found his passi<strong>on</strong>s were in the<br />

cosmetic and advanced restorative<br />

field, which led him to undertake<br />

further courses in the UK and abroad.<br />

He is an active member of the<br />

American Academy of Cosmetic<br />

Dentistry, Associati<strong>on</strong> of Dental<br />

Implantology, a Fellow of the Internati<strong>on</strong>al C<strong>on</strong>gress of Oral<br />

Implantology and is currently Country Chairman (UK) for the<br />

European Society of Cosmetic Dentistry. Nik is also an active<br />

member of the British Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry and<br />

serves <strong>on</strong> the Board of Directors as Chairman of the C<strong>on</strong>gress<br />

Committee. Dr K<strong>on</strong>stantin Varga DMD, Master of Oral<br />

Medicine in Implantology, practises in private practice in<br />

Torquay, Dev<strong>on</strong>..

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