26 - World Journal of Gastroenterology

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Manini R, Natale S, Vanni E, Villanova N, Melchionda N, Rizzetto M. Nonalcoholic fatty liver, steatohepatitis, and the metabolic syndrome. Hepatology 2003; 37: 917-923 26 McCullough AJ. The clinical features, diagnosis and natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Liver Dis 2004; 8: 521-533, viii 27 Adams LA, Angulo P. Recent concepts in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Diabet Med 2005; 22: 1129-1133 28 Marchesini G, Marzocchi R, Agostini F, Bugianesi E. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the metabolic syndrome. Curr Opin Lipidol 2005; 16: 421-427 29 Neuschwander-Tetri BA. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and the metabolic syndrome. Am J Med Sci 2005; 330: 326-335 30 Patton HM, Yates K, Unalp-Arida A, Behling CA, Huang TT, Rosenthal P, Sanyal AJ, Schwimmer JB, Lavine JE. Association between metabolic syndrome and liver histology among children with nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2010; 105: 2093-2102 31 Manco M, Marcellini M, Devito R, Comparcola D, Sartorelli MR, Nobili V. Metabolic syndrome and liver histology in paediatric non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2008; 32: 381-387 32 Schwimmer JB, Pardee PE, Lavine JE, Blumkin AK, Cook S. Cardiovascular risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Circulation 2008; 118: 277-283 33 Fabbrini E, Magkos F, Mohammed BS, Pietka T, Abumrad NA, Patterson BW, Okunade A, Klein S. Intrahepatic fat, not visceral fat, is linked with metabolic complications of obesity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009; 106: 15430-15435 34 Feldstein AE, Charatcharoenwitthaya P, Treeprasertsuk S, Benson JT, Enders FB, Angulo P. The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children: a follow-up study for up to 20 years. Gut 2009; 58: 1538-1544 35 Targher G, Bertolini L, Poli F, Rodella S, Scala L, Tessari R, Zenari L, Falezza G. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of future cardiovascular events among type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes 2005; 54: 3541-3546 36 Targher G, Bertolini L, Rodella S, Tessari R, Zenari L, Lippi G, Arcaro G. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is independently associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 2119-2121 37 Haring R, Wallaschofski H, Nauck M, Dorr M, Baumeister SE, Volzke H. Ultrasonographic hepatic steatosis increases prediction of mortality risk from elevated serum gammaglutamyl transpeptidase levels. Hepatology 2009; 50: 1403-1411 38 Hamaguchi M, Kojima T, Takeda N, Nagata C, Takeda J, Sarui H, Kawahito Y, Yoshida N, Suetsugu A, Kato T, Okuda J, Ida K, Yoshikawa T. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a novel predictor of cardiovascular disease. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13: 1579-1584 39 Targher G, Bertolini L, Padovani R, Rodella S, Tessari R, Zenari L, Day C, Arcaro G. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with cardiovascular disease among type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 1212-1218 40 Targher G, Bertolini L, Padovani R, Rodella S, Zoppini G, Pichiri I, Sorgato C, Zenari L, Bonora E. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. J Hepatol 2010; 53: 713-718 41 Lin YC, Lo HM, Chen JD. Sonographic fatty liver, overweight and ischemic heart disease. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11: 4838-4842 42 Lautamäki R, Borra R, Iozzo P, Komu M, Lehtimäki T, Salmi M, Jalkanen S, Airaksinen KE, Knuuti J, Parkkola R, Nuutila P. Liver steatosis coexists with myocardial insulin resistance and coronary dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2006; 291: E282-E290 43 Villanova N, Moscatiello S, Ramilli S, Bugianesi E, Magalotti D, Vanni E, Zoli M, Marchesini G. Endothelial dysfunc- WJG|www.wjgnet.com Pacifico L et al . Pediatric NAFLD and cardiovascular risk tion and cardiovascular risk profile in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2005; 42: 473-480 44 Targher G, Bertolini L, Padovani R, Poli F, Scala L, Zenari L, Zoppini G, Falezza G. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with carotid artery wall thickness in diet-controlled type 2 diabetic patients. J Endocrinol Invest 2006; 29: 55-60 45 Brea A, Mosquera D, Martin E, Arizti A, Cordero JL, Ros E. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with carotid atherosclerosis: a case-control study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25: 1045-1050 46 Sookoian S, Pirola CJ. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is strongly associated with carotid atherosclerosis: a systematic review. J Hepatol 2008; 49: 600-607 47 Pacifico L, Anania C, Martino F, Cantisani V, Pascone R, Marcantonio A, Chiesa C. Functional and morphological vascular changes in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2010; 52: 1643-1651 48 Lamotte C, Iliescu C, Libersa C, Gottrand F. Increased intimamedia thickness of the carotid artery in childhood: a systematic review of observational studies. Eur J Pediatr 2011; 170: 719-729 49 Schwimmer JB, Deutsch R, Behling C, Lavine JE. Fatty liver as a determinant of atherosclerosis. Hepatology 2005; 42 (Suppl): 610A 50 Pacifico L, Cantisani V, Ricci P, Osborn JF, Schiavo E, Anania C, Ferrara E, Dvisic G, Chiesa C. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and carotid atherosclerosis in children. Pediatr Res 2008; 63: 423-427 51 Demircioğlu F, Kocyigit A, Arslan N, Cakmakci H, Hizli S, Sedat AT. Intima-media thickness of carotid artery and susceptibility to atherosclerosis in obese children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2008; 47: 68-75 52 Manco M, Bedogni G, Monti L, Morino G, Natali G, Nobili V. Intima-media thickness and liver histology in obese children and adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Atherosclerosis 2010; 209: 463-468 53 Caserta CA, Pendino GM, Amante A, Vacalebre C, Fiorillo MT, Surace P, Messineo A, Surace M, Alicante S, Cotichini R, Zuin M, Rosmini F, Mele A, Marcucci F. Cardiovascular risk factors, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and carotid artery intima-media thickness in an adolescent population in southern Italy. Am J Epidemiol 2010; 171: 1195-1202 54 Kelishadi R, Cook SR, Amra B, Adibi A. Factors associated with insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among youths. Atherosclerosis 2009; 204: 538-543 55 Vascular function in obese children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Int J Pediatr Obes 2010; Epub ahead of primt 56 Nobili V, Alkhouri N, Bartuli A, Manco M, Lopez R, Alisi A, Feldstein AE. Severity of liver injury and atherogenic lipid profile in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Pediatr Res 2010; 67: 665-670 57 Stampfer MJ, Sacks FM, Salvini S, Willett WC, Hennekens CH. A prospective study of cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and the risk of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 373-381 58 McLaughlin T, Reaven G, Abbasi F, Lamendola C, Saad M, Waters D, Simon J, Krauss RM. Is there a simple way to identify insulin-resistant individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease? Am J Cardiol 2005; 96: 399-404 59 Quijada Z, Paoli M, Zerpa Y, Camacho N, Cichetti R, Villarroel V, Arata-Bellabarba G, Lanes R. The triglyceride/HDLcholesterol ratio as a marker of cardiovascular risk in obese children; association with traditional and emergent risk factors. Pediatr Diabetes 2008; 9: 464-471 60 Corretti MC, Anderson TJ, Benjamin EJ, Celermajer D, Charbonneau F, Creager MA, Deanfield J, Drexler H, Gerhard-Herman M, Herrington D, Vallance P, Vita J, Vogel R. Guidelines for the ultrasound assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery: 3089 July 14, 2011|Volume 17|Issue 26|
Pacifico L et al . Pediatric NAFLD and cardiovascular risk a report of the International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 257-265 61 Anderson TJ, Uehata A, Gerhard MD, Meredith IT, Knab S, Delagrange D, Lieberman EH, Ganz P, Creager MA, Yeung AC. Close relation of endothelial function in the human coronary and peripheral circulations. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 26: 1235-1241 62 Méndez-Sanchez N, Arrese M, Zamora-Valdés D, Uribe M. Current concepts in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Int 2007; 27: 423-433 63 Vanni E, Bugianesi E, Kotronen A, De Minicis S, Yki-Järvinen H, Svegliati-Baroni G. From the metabolic syndrome to NAFLD or vice versa? Dig Liver Dis 2010; 42: 320-330 64 Shoelson SE, Herrero L, Naaz A. Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Gastroenterology 2007; 132: 2169-2180 65 Stefan N, Kantartzis K, Haring HU. Causes and metabolic consequences of Fatty liver. Endocr Rev 2008; 29: 939-960 66 Tilg H, Moschen AR. Insulin resistance, inflammation, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2008; 19: 371-379 67 Chalasani N, Deeg MA, Crabb DW. Systemic levels of lipid peroxidation and its metabolic and dietary correlates in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2004; 99: 1497-1502 68 Yesilova Z, Yaman H, Oktenli C, Ozcan A, Uygun A, Cakir E, Sanisoglu SY, Erdil A, Ates Y, Aslan M, Musabak U, Erbil MK, Karaeren N, Dagalp K. Systemic markers of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in patients with nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2005; 100: 850-855 69 Targher G, Bertolini L, Rodella S, Lippi G, Franchini M, Zoppini G, Muggeo M, Day CP. NASH predicts plasma inflammatory biomarkers independently of visceral fat in men. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16: 1394-1399 70 Ouyang X, Cirillo P, Sautin Y, McCall S, Bruchette JL, Diehl AM, Johnson RJ, Abdelmalek MF. Fructose consumption as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2008; 48: 993-999 71 Lindbäck SM, Gabbert C, Johnson BL, Smorodinsky E, Sirlin CB, Garcia N, Pardee PE, Kistler KD, Schwimmer JB. Pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a comprehensive review. Adv Pediatr 2010; 57: 85-140 72 Lim JS, Mietus-Snyder M, Valente A, Schwarz JM, Lustig RH. The role of fructose in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and the metabolic syndrome. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 7: 251-264 73 Stanhope KL, Schwarz JM, Keim NL, Griffen SC, Bremer AA, Graham JL, Hatcher B, Cox CL, Dyachenko A, Zhang W, McGahan JP, Seibert A, Krauss RM, Chiu S, Schaefer EJ, Ai M, Otokozawa S, Nakajima K, Nakano T, Beysen C, Hellerstein MK, Berglund L, Havel PJ. Consuming fructose-sweetened, not glucose-sweetened, beverages increases visceral adiposity and lipids and decreases insulin sensitivity in overweight/ obese humans. J Clin Invest 2009; 119: 1322-1334 74 Nakajima K, Nakano T, Tanaka A. The oxidative modification hypothesis of atherosclerosis: the comparison of atherogenic effects on oxidized LDL and remnant lipoproteins in plasma. Clin Chim Acta 2006; 367: 36-47 75 Packard CJ. Small dense low-density lipoprotein and its role as an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Lipidol 2006; 17: 412-417 76 Musso G, Gambino R, De Michieli F, Cassader M, Rizzetto M, Durazzo M, Fagà E, Silli B, Pagano G. Dietary habits and their relations to insulin resistance and postprandial lipemia in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2003; 37: 909-916 77 Musso G, Cassader M, Gambino R, Durazzo M, Pagano G. Association between postprandial LDL conjugated dienes and the severity of liver fibrosis in NASH. Hepatology 2006; 43: 1169-1170 78 Olivieri O, Bassi A, Stranieri C, Trabetti E, Martinelli N, Pizzolo F, Girelli D, Friso S, Pignatti PF, Corrocher R. Apo- WJG|www.wjgnet.com lipoprotein C-III, metabolic syndrome, and risk of coronary artery disease. J Lipid Res 2003; 44: 2374-2381 79 Olivieri O, Stranieri C, Bassi A, Zaia B, Girelli D, Pizzolo F, Trabetti E, Cheng S, Grow MA, Pignatti PF, Corrocher R. ApoC-III gene polymorphisms and risk of coronary artery disease. J Lipid Res 2002; 43: 1450-1457 80 Miller M, Rhyne J, Chen H, Beach V, Ericson R, Luthra K, Dwivedi M, Misra A. APOC3 promoter polymorphisms C-482T and T-455C are associated with the metabolic syndrome. Arch Med Res 2007; 38: 444-451 81 Petersen KF, Dufour S, Hariri A, Nelson-Williams C, Foo JN, Zhang XM, Dziura J, Lifton RP, Shulman GI. Apolipoprotein C3 gene variants in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 362: 1082-1089 82 Monzavi R, Dreimane D, Geffner ME, Braun S, Conrad B, Klier M, Kaufman FR. Improvement in risk factors for metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in overweight youth who are treated with lifestyle intervention. Pediatrics 2006; 117: e1111-e1118 83 Nobili V, Manco M, Devito R, Di Ciommo V, Comparcola D, Sartorelli MR, Piemonte F, Marcellini M, Angulo P. Lifestyle intervention and antioxidant therapy in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, controlled trial. Hepatology 2008; 48: 119-128 84 Nobili V, Marcellini M, Devito R, Ciampalini P, Piemonte F, Comparcola D, Sartorelli MR, Angulo P. NAFLD in children: a prospective clinical-pathological study and effect of lifestyle advice. Hepatology 2006; 44: 458-465 85 Petersen KF, Dufour S, Befroy D, Lehrke M, Hendler RE, Shulman GI. Reversal of nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis, hepatic insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia by moderate weight reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2005; 54: 603-608 86 Benjaminov O, Beglaibter N, Gindy L, Spivak H, Singer P, Wienberg M, Stark A, Rubin M. The effect of a lowcarbohydrate diet on the nonalcoholic fatty liver in morbidly obese patients before bariatric surgery. Surg Endosc 2007; 21: 1423-1427 87 Ebbeling CB, Leidig MM, Sinclair KB, Hangen JP, Ludwig DS. A reduced-glycemic load diet in the treatment of adolescent obesity. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2003; 157: 773-779 88 Vos MB, Weber MB, Welsh J, Khatoon F, Jones DP, Whitington PF, McClain CJ. Fructose and oxidized low-density lipoprotein in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a pilot study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2009; 163: 674-675 89 Klein-Platat C, Drai J, Oujaa M, Schlienger JL, Simon C. Plasma fatty acid composition is associated with the metabolic syndrome and low-grade inflammation in overweight adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 82: 1178-1184 90 Nobili V, Bedogni G, Alisi A, Pietrobattista A, Risé P, Galli C, Agostoni C. Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation decreases liver fat content in children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: double-blind randomised controlled clinical trial. Arch Dis Child 2011; 96: 350-353 91 Calder PC, Dangour AD, Diekman C, Eilander A, Koletzko B, Meijer GW, Mozaffarian D, Niinikoski H, Osendarp SJ, Pietinen P, Schuit J, Uauy R. Essential fats for future health. Proceedings of the 9th Unilever Nutrition Symposium, 26-27 May 2010. Eur J Clin Nutr 2010; 64 Suppl 4: S1-S13 92 Koletzko B, Uauy R, Palou A, Kok F, Hornstra G, Eilander A, Moretti D, Osendarp S, Zock P, Innis S. Dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in children - a workshop report. Br J Nutr 2010; 103: 923-928 93 Tazawa Y, Noguchi H, Nishinomiya F, Takada G. Effect of weight reduction on serum transaminase activities in children with simple obesity. J Pediatr 1996; 128: 587-588 94 Reinehr T, Schmidt C, Toschke AM, Andler W. Lifestyle intervention in obese children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: 2-year follow-up study. Arch Dis Child 2009; 94: 437-442 95 Lavine JE, Schwimmer JB, Molleston JP, Scheimann AO, 3090 July 14, 2011|Volume 17|Issue 26|
Page 1 and 2: World Journal of Gastroenterology W
Page 3 and 4: Robert JL Fraser, Daw Park Jacob Ge
Page 5 and 6: Italy Donato F Altomare, Bari Piero
Page 7 and 8: Fernando Azpiroz, Barcelona Ramon B
Page 9 and 10: S Contents EDITORIAL REVIEW ORIGINA
Page 11 and 12: Contents APPENDIX FLYLEAF EDITORS F
Page 16 and 17: of HCC. Multimodal approaches with
Page 18 and 19: 15S): A4577 63 Gruenwald V, Wilkens
Page 20 and 21: cause of liver disease in pediatric
Page 22 and 23: Table 1 Published studies on the as
Page 24 and 25: genesis through the presence of abn
Page 28 and 29: Murray KF, Abrams SH, Rosenthal P,
Page 30 and 31: localization, the risk was 4.5 (95%
Page 34 and 35: The role of chemokines in CAC is fu
Page 36 and 37: MM, Rotter JI, Nicolae DL, Cho JH.
Page 38 and 39: Online Submissions: http://www.wjgn
Page 40 and 41: HO-1 Donor liver CO induced exclusi
Page 42 and 43: Table 1 Upregulation of heme oxygen
Page 44 and 45: N, Takamiya Y, Yamaguchi T, Ishimur
Page 48 and 49: Table 1 Clinical characteristics of
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Page 57 and 58: Table 1 Fundic somatostatin mRNA in
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Page 63 and 64: Online Submissions: http://www.wjgn
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Li GL et al . Biliary complications
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