26 - World Journal of Gastroenterology

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A CCL20 mRNA expression relative to housekeeper 3 2 1 0 Impact of FOLFOX on proliferation of CRLM cells Proliferation of CRLM cells as demonstrated by Ki-67 staining revealed a more frequent immunostaining pattern in CRLM tissues of patients who underwent preoperative FOLFOX (Figure 3F) compared to patients without FOLFOX (Figure 3E). In CRLM patients without FOL- FOX treatment (n = 29) (Figure 3E) we observed weak or no Ki-67 immunostaining in 11 patients (38%), moderate immunostaining intensities in 13 patients (45%) and strong immunostaining intensities in 5 patients (17%). In CRLM patients with preoperative FOLFOX treatment (n = 53) (Figure 3F) we observed weak or no Ki-67 immunostaining in 16 patients (30%), moderate immunostaining intensities in 11 patients (21%) and strong immunostaining intensities in 26 patients (49%). DISCUSSION Adjacent normal tissue CRLM No FOLFOX therapy FOLFOX therapy At present, standard treatment of CRC patients without distant metastasis consists of surgical resection of the primary tumor followed by adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy in patients with lymph node metastasis [17] . For patients with synchronous liver metastasis there are three WJG|www.wjgnet.com a a b CCL20 mRNA expression relative to housekeeper 3 2 1 0 Adjacent normal tissue CRLM a a No FOLFOX therapy ≤ 1 mo 1-12 mo > 1 yr Figure 1 CCL20 mRNA expression relative to PMM1 and β2M in colorectal liver metastasis patients with (n = 53) and without (n = 29) FOLFOX chemotherapy before colorectal liver metastasis surgery (A) and itemized according to different time periods of FOLFOX treatment before colorectal liver metastasis surgery (no FOLFOX therapy, n = 29; FOLFOX treatment ≤ 1 mo, n = 14; FOLFOX treatment ≤ 1 year, n = 22; FOLFOX treatment > 1 year, n = 17) (B). Q-RT- PCR data are expressed as mean ± SE, a P < 0.05 and b P < 0.001, respectively. CRLM: Colorectal liver metastasis. A CCL20 in pg/mL per mg protein 50 000 25 000 0 Adjacent normal tissue CRLM b No FOLFOX therapy FOLFOX therapy a b B B CCL20 pg/mL per mg protein Rubie C et al . FOLFOX and CCL20/CCR6 expression Adjacent normal tissue a CRLM b a treatment options: colectomy with synchronous or heterochronous CRLM surgery; perioperative chemotherapy with FOLFOX, FOLFIRI or CapeOX followed by colectomy and CRLM resection; and colectomy followed by chemotherapy and staged CRLM resection [5,6] . As liver resection offers the chance of long-term survival only for patients with resectable CRLM, chemotherapy is often applied to render formerly unresectable CRLM patients resectable. Moreover, superior survival for patients who have undergone resection has been demonstrated by several studies [18,19] . This improved survival may be due to the lower tumor burden. The impact of chemotherapy on metastatic lymph node lesions was addressed in another study, where patients with 4 or more lymph node metastases around the primary cancer were considered to benefit from perioperative chemotherapy [20] . Chemotherapy options for metastatic CRC have significantly changed in recent years. While the optimal adjuvant systemic chemotherapy has yet to be determined, FOLFOX treatment seems to be one of the most effective CRLM treatment options [21] and perioperative FOLFOX chemotherapy is most commonly used to reduce the risk of cancer relapse in CRC patients [7] . 3113 July 14, 2011|Volume 17|Issue 26| a No FOLFOX therapy ≤ 1 mo 1-12 mo > 1 yr Figure 2 CCL20 protein concentrations (pg/mL pro mg total protein) in colorectal liver metastasis patients with (n = 53) and without (n = 29) FOLFOX chemotherapy before colorectal liver metastasis surgery (A) and itemized according to different time points of FOLFOX treatment before colorectal liver metastasis surgery (no FOLFOX therapy, n = 29; FOLFOX treatment ≤ 1 mo, n = 14; FOLFOX treatment ≤ 1 year, n = 22; FOLFOX treatment > 1 year, n = 17) (B). Protein data are expressed as mean ± SE, a P < 0.05 and b P < 0.001, respectively. CRLM: Colorectal liver metastasis. 50 000 25 000 0 a a a a a a
Figure 3 Immunohistochemical staining (original magnification × 200). Representative examples of CCL20 (A, B), CCR6 (C, D) and Ki-67 (E, F) protein expression in colorectal liver metastasis specimens from a colorectal liver metastasis patient without (A, C, E) and with preoperative FOLFOX treatment less than 1 mo before surgery (B, D, F), respectively. A A B C D E F CCR6 mRNA expression relative to housekeeper 9 6 3 0 Adjacent normal tissue CRLM No FOLFOX therapy FOLFOX therapy Although pathological effects of chemotherapy for CRLM have been discussed [21-24] , the pathological response WJG|www.wjgnet.com CCR6 mRNA expression relative to housekeeper 9 6 3 0 Adjacent normal tissue No FOLFOX therapy < 1 mo 1-12 mo > 1 yr Figure 4 CCR6 mRNA expression relative to PMM1 and β2M in CRLM patients with (n = 53) and without (n = 29) FOLFOX chemotherapy before CRLM surgery (A) and itemized according to different time points of FOLFOX treatment before CRLM surgery (no FOLFOX therapy, n = 29; FOLFOX treatment ≤ 1 mo, n = 14; FOLFOX treatment ≤ 1 year, n = 22; FOLFOX treatment > 1 year, n = 17) (B). Q-RT-PCR data are expressed as mean ± SE, a P < 0.05. 50 kDa 40 kDa Rubie C et al . FOLFOX and CCL20/CCR6 expression a a Control Representative patients a CRLM HL60 ≤ 1 mo ≤ 1 yr > 1 yr No FOLFOX Figure 5 Expression of chemokine receptor CCR6 in colorectal liver metastasis patients itemized according to different time points of FOLFOX treatment before colorectal liver metastasis surgery as determined by Western blotting analysis. Total cell lysates of tumor (P) were immunoblotted with antibodies specifically recognizing chemokine receptor CCR6. Acute leukemia cell line HL60 served as a positive control for the detection of CCR6. B a a to chemokine expression in CRLM after chemotherapy has not been reported. Since CCL20 and CCR6 have both been 3114 July 14, 2011|Volume 17|Issue 26| a a CCR6 a a
Page 1 and 2: World Journal of Gastroenterology W
Page 3 and 4: Robert JL Fraser, Daw Park Jacob Ge
Page 5 and 6: Italy Donato F Altomare, Bari Piero
Page 7 and 8: Fernando Azpiroz, Barcelona Ramon B
Page 9 and 10: S Contents EDITORIAL REVIEW ORIGINA
Page 11 and 12: Contents APPENDIX FLYLEAF EDITORS F
Page 16 and 17: of HCC. Multimodal approaches with
Page 18 and 19: 15S): A4577 63 Gruenwald V, Wilkens
Page 20 and 21: cause of liver disease in pediatric
Page 22 and 23: Table 1 Published studies on the as
Page 24 and 25: genesis through the presence of abn
Page 26 and 27: Manini R, Natale S, Vanni E, Villan
Page 28 and 29: Murray KF, Abrams SH, Rosenthal P,
Page 30 and 31: localization, the risk was 4.5 (95%
Page 34 and 35: The role of chemokines in CAC is fu
Page 36 and 37: MM, Rotter JI, Nicolae DL, Cho JH.
Page 38 and 39: Online Submissions: http://www.wjgn
Page 40 and 41: HO-1 Donor liver CO induced exclusi
Page 42 and 43: Table 1 Upregulation of heme oxygen
Page 44 and 45: N, Takamiya Y, Yamaguchi T, Ishimur
Page 48 and 49: Table 1 Clinical characteristics of
Page 53 and 54: Rubie C et al . FOLFOX and CCL20/CC
Page 55 and 56: Strickertsson JAB et al . Interfero
Page 57 and 58: Table 1 Fundic somatostatin mRNA in
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Wang HQ et al . Vascular occlusion
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After reviewing the medical literat
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Extradigestive manifestations of He
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Online Submissions: http://www.wjgn
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Books Personal author(s) 10 Sherloc
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