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Sanicula europea (sanicle) 68<br />

Sansevieria 58<br />

trifasciata (bowstring hemp) 69,<br />

97<br />

Sapwood 76<br />

Sclereid 57, 69,110,136,149,169<br />

Sclerenchyma 26, 58, 59, 64, 65,<br />

98,100,107,109,114,118,<br />

119,123,129,133,137,149<br />

fibre35,58,99,117,121<br />

protoplast 58<br />

secondary wall 58<br />

where located 58<br />

Secondary thickening 10, 19,59,<br />

73,93,118,119,128,130,131,<br />

132,140,142,144,149<br />

Secretory tissue 57, 58-9<br />

gland 58<br />

hair 58<br />

hyathodc 58<br />

laticifer 58-9<br />

nectary 58, 70, 146, 152, 154<br />

Sttd 9, 10, 12, 13,19,25,50,57,<br />

97,138,145,148-9,159,163,<br />

164,165,166,167,168,169,<br />

170,171,172<br />

basal cell 25<br />

cellular endosperm 25<br />

coat 148, 149<br />

fatty 29<br />

filamentous spensor 25<br />

germination 28, 29, 46, 50, 97,<br />

149<br />

hilum 166<br />

nucellus 25,148,150,161,162,<br />

163<br />

nutritive perispcrm 148<br />

oily 28<br />

plumule 19, 25, 84, 86, 148,<br />

164,165,172<br />

protein bodies 29, 46<br />

radicle 10, 19,25,84,94,133,<br />

148,150,164,165,172<br />

storage tissue 57, 148<br />

testa 163, 164, 166<br />

Seedling 57, 84<br />

Selanginella 13<br />

Semele 122<br />

Sequoiadendron gigonzeum (giam<br />

redwood) 129<br />

Sexual reproduction 10,25,145-72<br />

antipodal cell 25<br />

cggcelIIO,25, 145, 147,148,<br />

150,151,153<br />

embryo 10, 14, 16, 25,145,147,<br />

148,150,153,161,162,163,<br />

164,166,172<br />

embryo sac 25,145,147,160,<br />

161, 162, 163, 164<br />

endosperm 10,25,33,145,148,<br />

163, 164, 165, 166, 169<br />

fertilisarion 10, 14,25,145,147,<br />

149, lSI, 153<br />

funiculus 25, 147, 161, 166<br />

gamerophyte 25, 145, 150, lSI<br />

heterosporous 145<br />

hypocoryll0, 16,91,92,148,<br />

163,164<br />

integwm:nt 25,145,148,149,<br />

151,160,161,162,167<br />

megagametophyre 147<br />

megasporangium 25,145,147,<br />

151<br />

megaspore 25,145,147, lSI,<br />

162<br />

micropyle 25, 145, 147, 148,<br />

160,162,163,164<br />

microspore 146<br />

placenta 25, 147, 160, 161, 168<br />

polar nuclei 10, 25<br />

pollen tube 10, 25, 146, 147,<br />

148<br />

pollination 10, 58,145,146,<br />

147, 167<br />

see also Flower, Fruit, Seed<br />

sperm 10, 25, 145, 147, 148,<br />

150,151<br />

sporophyte 145, 150<br />

synergid 25,147<br />

zygotc 10,25,148, ISO<br />

Shoot 9, 16,57,60,84,92, 117<br />

advcntitious see under<br />

Adventitious<br />

apex 17, 19, 84, 86, 87, 89, 90,<br />

91,97,98,111,164<br />

cuning; 57<br />

lateral bud 16<br />

mechanical support 57<br />

terminal bud 16<br />

tip 84, 90<br />

xeromorphic 71<br />

Sieve<br />

e1emeDt 9,14,26,30,55,58,59,<br />

75,89,100<br />

plate 33, 55, 59, 72, 74, 75, 123<br />

pore 33, 55, 59, 74<br />

tube 32, 55, 58, 59, 63, 72, 73,<br />

74,75,89,93,95,110,118,<br />

123,125<br />

Sinapsis 156, 158<br />

Softwood 61<br />

Solanum tllberosum (potato) 28,<br />

43,89, no, 152, 156<br />

Sorblls ol/GUporia (rowan nee) 33,<br />

34,40,44,113<br />

Srarch 27, 28, 32, 33, 35, 36, 43, 44,<br />

45,46,47,55,57,117,120, l33<br />

Stem 9,10,12,14,15,16,17,19,<br />

20,21,23,53,55,57,59,63,<br />

64,65,66,67,71,73,74,78,<br />

88,93,97,98,100,102,107,<br />

lIS, 117-32,133<br />

aquatic 118<br />

branching 117<br />

fusiform inirials 118<br />

laricifer 73<br />

node 117, 121<br />

phyllodade 117, 121, 122<br />

primary 117-18, 120<br />

secondary growth 118, 119, 120<br />

shape 117<br />

swrnara 118, 122<br />

underground 117<br />

warer storage 118<br />

woody 118-19<br />

xeromorphic 117, 122<br />

Stroma 27, 28, 44, 45, 47<br />

Succulent 117<br />

Symplast 86<br />

Taraxacum offinale (dandelion) 48,<br />

49,54,58,72,79,145,150,153<br />

Taxus baccata (yew) 15,98, 106<br />

Tension wood 61, 76<br />

Thuia 78<br />

Tilia 59<br />

cordata (lime} 73, 76,142<br />

Tinosporal19, 129<br />

Tissue systems 57<br />

dermal s)'stem see Dermal systcm<br />

ground system see Ground<br />

system<br />

vascular sysrem see Vascular<br />

system<br />

Tonoplast 32, 35, 36, 40, 45, 59<br />

Tracheary element 9, 26, 30, 32,<br />

34,58,60,63, n, 78,82, 85, 92,<br />

100, L10, 113, 115, 118, 126,<br />

128,134, 144,156<br />

191

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