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Presidência da República<br />

Discursu iha Asembleia Jeral ONU<br />

pajina 5-7<br />

SUPLEMENTU<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

<strong>IDENTIDADE</strong><br />

<strong>TIMORENSE</strong><br />

Enkontru ho PM China nian<br />

pajina 10-11<br />

Unpaid Wages - Elizabeth Traube<br />

pajina 12-15<br />

Mambai<br />

Vizita Servisu ba Cuba<br />

pajina 9<br />

Grande Colar ba Durão Barroso<br />

pajina 22-23<br />

Sura ta’han ne’ebe la’os halo ho ai - edisaun iha lian ha’at - online: www.presidencia.tl


N<br />

esta época de abundância<br />

e de<br />

consumo desenfreado,<br />

ainda se<br />

morre de fome e de sede,<br />

de doença e de pobreza.<br />

Ainda existe quem é servo,<br />

explorado e ofendido na<br />

sua dignidade; quem é vítima<br />

do ódio racial e religioso,<br />

e é impedido, por intolerâncias<br />

e discriminações,<br />

por intromissões políticas e<br />

coerções físicas e morais,<br />

de professar livremente a<br />

própria fé.<br />

Há quem vê o próprio corpo<br />

e dos seres queridos, especialmente<br />

crianças, destroçado<br />

pelo uso das armas,<br />

pelo terrorismo e por todo o<br />

tipo de violência numa época<br />

em que se invoca e proclama<br />

o progresso, a solidariedade<br />

e a paz para todos.<br />

Ou mais, que dizer daquele<br />

que, privado de esperança,<br />

é obrigado a deixar<br />

a própria casa e a pátria<br />

para encontrar noutra<br />

parte condições de vida dignas<br />

para o homem? Que<br />

fazer para ajudar quem é<br />

enganado pelos falsos profetas<br />

de felicidade, quem é<br />

frágil nas relações e incapaz<br />

de assumir responsabilidades<br />

estáveis para o<br />

próprio presente e para o<br />

2<br />

Papa Bento XVI<br />

Natal<br />

futuro, encontra-se percorrendo<br />

o túnel da solidão e,<br />

com frequência, termina escravo<br />

do álcool e da droga?<br />

Que pensar de quem escolhe<br />

a morte pensando de<br />

exaltar a vida?<br />

"Salvator noster": esta é a<br />

nossa esperança;<br />

Cristo não nos salva da<br />

nossa humanidade, mas através<br />

dela; não nos salva<br />

do mundo, mas veio no<br />

mundo para que o mundo<br />

seja salvo por meio d’Ele<br />

(cf. Jo 3,17).<br />

Caros irmãos e irmãs, onde<br />

quer que estejam, chegue a<br />

vós esta mensagem de alegria<br />

e de esperança: Deus<br />

se fez homem em Jesus<br />

Cristo, nasceu da Virgem<br />

Maria e renasce hoje na<br />

Igreja.<br />

É Ele quem traz para todos<br />

o amor do Pai celestial.<br />

É Ele o Salvador do mundo!<br />

Não temam, abri vosso<br />

coração, acolhei-O, para<br />

que o seu Reino de amor e<br />

de paz se torne herança<br />

comum de todos.<br />

Feliz Natal!<br />

[Tradução do original<br />

italiano distribuída pela<br />

Santa Sé © Copyright -<br />

Libreria Editrice Vaticana]<br />

ZP06122503<br />

indise<br />

INTERNASIONAL - 3/23<br />

3 - Artigu: A Plan for Afghanistan<br />

J. Ramos-Horta<br />

4 - Notisia<br />

5/7 - Diskursu iha ONU<br />

J. Ramos-Horta<br />

8/9 - Espesial Cuba<br />

Artigu: Ramón H.Vázquez<br />

Diskursu: J. Ramos-Horta<br />

10/11 - Espesial China<br />

Diskursu: J. Ramos-Horta<br />

12/15 - Artigu: Mambai<br />

Elizabeth G. Traube<br />

16 - ASEAN<br />

Artigu: Oman Beach Games<br />

Joel Pereira<br />

Notisia: Seminariu Premiu Nobel<br />

J. Ramos-Horta<br />

17/19 - Artigu: Capacity Building<br />

Shepard Forman<br />

20/21 - Artigu: T-L Identity<br />

Jean Berlie<br />

22/23 - Diskursu iha UE<br />

J. Ramos-Horta<br />

DIPLOMASIA - 24/26-31<br />

Artigu: Natália Carrascalão,<br />

Nelson Santos, Abel Guterres,<br />

Hernani Coelho<br />

BIOGRAFIA - 27/30<br />

Prezidente Nicolau Lobato<br />

ESPESIAL PARSEIRU BA<br />

DEZENVOLVIMENTU - 32/42<br />

Artigu: Finn Reske-Nielsen,<br />

Fu Yuancong, Eddy Setiabudhi ,<br />

Judith R. Fergin, José Antonio<br />

Martín Pallín, Ivanildo Quirino do<br />

Nascimento, Norbert Baas,<br />

Philippe Zeller,<br />

Gladcya Félix, Hernani Coelho<br />

LOKAL - 43/45<br />

43 - Notisia<br />

44/45 - Espesial Alola<br />

DEFEZA - 46<br />

Diskursu: J. Ramos-Horta<br />

POLITIKA - 47/48<br />

Artigu: Maria Domingas Alves,<br />

Bendito Freitas<br />

EKONOMIA - 49/51<br />

Artigu: Jorge Serrano<br />

TEKNOLOJIA - 52<br />

Artigu: Partha Sarathi Bhowmick<br />

RELIJIAUN - 53/55<br />

Artigu: Madre Guilhermina Marçal<br />

MEDIA - 56<br />

Artigu: An Appeal for Sakineh<br />

Mohammadie Ashtiani<br />

J. Ramos-Horta<br />

Palasio Nicolau Lobato<br />

suplementu<br />

MEDIA<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

SIENSIA - 2/3<br />

Diskursu: J. Ramos-Horta<br />

INVESTIGASAUN - 4/5<br />

Artigu: Sândalo na História de TL<br />

Andrés del Castillo<br />

ENSINU - 6<br />

Artigu: Pedro Mesquita<br />

REFLEKSAUN - 7<br />

Artigu: Pe J. Inocêncio Piedade<br />

APELA - 8<br />

Artigu: J. Ramos-Horta<br />

1 - Notisia: Festival Kultura<br />

Ramelau 2010<br />

Danu Freitas<br />

SOSIEDADE - 2<br />

KULTURA - 3/8<br />

Artigu: Patricia Vickers-Rich,<br />

Francisco López, Juan Carlos<br />

Rey, Nuno Vasco Oliveira ,<br />

Rosalia Soares<br />

SINEMA - 9<br />

TV - 10<br />

Artigu: Juan Carlos Rey<br />

DESPORTU - 11<br />

Artigu: Sean Ferguson-Borrell<br />

KARTOON - 12<br />

Redasaun<br />

Joel Pereira<br />

Ana Mota<br />

Fotografia<br />

Danu Freitas<br />

TV / Video<br />

Nico Amaral<br />

Arkivu<br />

Melita Oliveira<br />

Maria Gonjaga<br />

FIXA TEKNIKA<br />

Diresaun<br />

Xefe Gabinete - Gregório de Sousa<br />

Xefe Gabinete Adj. - Hernani Coelho<br />

Sede - Palacio Nicolau Lobato<br />

Design Grafiku no Planeamento<br />

Asesor Media - José H.Meirelles<br />

Maketajen<br />

Asesor IT - Partha Sarathi Bhowmick<br />

Printed in Timor-Leste


Dr.J.Ramos-Horta<br />

Presidente da República<br />

A Plan for Afghanistan<br />

Talking to the Taliban is key for a durable solution<br />

Wall Street Journal<br />

P<br />

resident Barack Obama is<br />

currently wrestling with the<br />

question of troop escalation<br />

in Afghanistan, against an<br />

upsurge of violence in the country<br />

and enormous complexities obscuring<br />

a clear path of action.<br />

In the cacophony of opinions being<br />

circulated, few have mentioned what<br />

would have to be an element of any<br />

plan—bringing all Afghan parties,<br />

including the Taliban, into talks to<br />

figure out how they can live side by<br />

side without killing each other.<br />

As controversial as such negotiations<br />

will be, they're necessary to long-term<br />

stability in the country.<br />

Otherwise the United States and the<br />

Taliban will find themselves in a dangerous<br />

deadlock.<br />

The Taliban is strong enough to<br />

make Afghanistan ungovernable for<br />

the U.S. indefinitely.<br />

Yet the U.S. is strong enough to keep<br />

the Taliban from ever cementing its<br />

hold on the country if Washington<br />

wants to do so.<br />

That deadlock need not continue,<br />

however.<br />

As we learned in East Timor and from<br />

observing similar conflicts, a stalemate<br />

such as this in the political field<br />

or battlefield can open the door to<br />

dialogue and compromise.<br />

The U.S. should use this moment to<br />

explore ways for a transitional arrangement<br />

that allows the Taliban to<br />

share power, brings an end to the<br />

fighting and provides for the timely<br />

exit of U.S. forces.<br />

The goal of negotiations should be a<br />

settlement whereby each side<br />

achieves its main objectives: for the<br />

U.S., depriving al Qaeda of a launching<br />

pad and cementing the democratic<br />

gains in Afghanistan since 2001;<br />

for the Taliban, securing the departure<br />

of the U.S. Washington must<br />

clearly state the conditions for a U.S.<br />

troop withdrawal, including the dismantling<br />

of al Qaeda bases, the detention<br />

or expulsion of all its insurgents<br />

from the country, and the guarantee<br />

of an end to the persecution of<br />

Afghan women and children.<br />

Whoever wins the upcoming secondround<br />

election will be the legitimate<br />

leader of the country. With the support<br />

of the U.S. and the international<br />

community, they should initiate dialogue<br />

with the Taliban to establish a<br />

power-sharing framework.<br />

Such an arrangement could last from<br />

three to five years, until the situation<br />

in the country is stabilized and new<br />

elections are held. In the next elec-<br />

tions the Taliban, like Hamas in Gaza<br />

and Hezbollah in Lebanon, would<br />

participate in the democratic process.<br />

The U.S should communicate that if<br />

the Taliban wishes to participate<br />

peacefully in the government, the<br />

U.S. will support such a desire.<br />

There are reasons to believe all sides<br />

would be amenable to such an arrangement.<br />

Without power sharing, the Taliban<br />

would be immersed in protracted<br />

fighting with Afghanistan's many warlords<br />

and with the U.S. A deal would<br />

also achieve the Taliban's main goal:<br />

to see the exit of the U.S.-led coalition<br />

from the country.<br />

The U.S., on its part, doesn't view the<br />

Taliban as a threat to U.S. interests<br />

and would rather focus on fighting al<br />

Qaeda.<br />

As for other groups in Afghanistan,<br />

acceding to Taliban power sharing<br />

would enable them to enjoy, finally,<br />

the fruits of peace in the country.<br />

This is not to say that U.S.-Taliban<br />

talks should take the place of the<br />

troop surge currently being debated<br />

in Washington.<br />

The two policies complement each<br />

other.<br />

If negotiations are opened as troop<br />

numbers are escalating, the U.S.<br />

would strengthen its bargaining position<br />

and its ability to put in place the<br />

conditions necessary to a successful<br />

phased disengagement down the<br />

road.<br />

Meanwhile if the U.S. launches negotiations<br />

without a surge or amid a<br />

withdrawal, or simply disengages<br />

completely, it would amount to a political-military<br />

defeat.<br />

The implications in Afghanistan and<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

elsewhere would be severe. Afghans<br />

would risk losing the democratic<br />

gains made since 2001.<br />

Al Qaeda would keep Afghanistan as<br />

a base.<br />

Delaying the decision on a surge, as<br />

has been recently suggested, is not<br />

much better.<br />

By the time a decision is made, two<br />

to three months will pass before<br />

troops are deployed.<br />

In that time the security situation in<br />

the county will deteriorate.<br />

If the decision is delayed, America's<br />

position to start negotiations will be<br />

severely weakened as Washington is<br />

perceived to be vacillating on its commitment<br />

to the country.<br />

Achieving resolution of conflict in any<br />

country requires dialogue and compromise.<br />

It may seem distasteful to Americans<br />

to negotiate with the Taliban.<br />

Yet it should not be more abhorrent<br />

than negotiating with Kim Jong Il of<br />

North Korea, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad<br />

of Iran, Omar al-Bashir of Sudan or<br />

the military junta in Burma.<br />

The U.S. administration has now<br />

opted to pursue diplomatic engagement<br />

with these leaders.<br />

America can take comfort from the<br />

fact that the conditions that allowed<br />

the rise of the pre-2001 Taliban government<br />

no longer exist.<br />

The U.S. has already shown that if<br />

the country were to start moving in<br />

the direction of once again establishing<br />

a base for al Qaeda, they would<br />

pay a heavy price.<br />

There is hope for Afghanistan. Millions<br />

showed their faith in the democratic<br />

process by voting twice since<br />

the 2001 U.S.-led invasion.<br />

Women are largely out of the burqas.<br />

The Afghans are not going back to<br />

the Middle Ages.<br />

They can tame the Taliban and the<br />

warlords, with U.S. help.<br />

It will take time. Many more Afghan<br />

lives will be lost. But the Afghans who<br />

have had a taste of democracy and<br />

freedom since 2001 do not want to<br />

look back.<br />

3


4<br />

PR may visit Myanmar in 2011<br />

President Ramos-Horta announced<br />

that he may visit Myanmar in 2011 to<br />

meet with the authorities of the Military<br />

Junta and with the opposition<br />

leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, who was<br />

recently released from house arrest.<br />

During his work visit to Australia recently,<br />

the Timorese Head of State<br />

had the opportunity to speak on the<br />

phone with Mrs. Suu Kyi, who had<br />

spent the last two decades under<br />

house arrest. “It the first instance I<br />

have ever spoken with Mrs. Suu Kyi,<br />

I expressed my satisfaction for her<br />

release and reaffirmed my admiration<br />

for her, for her courage”, said<br />

Ramos-Horta. Aung San Suu Kyi,<br />

daughter of the national hero of<br />

Burma’s independence (Myanmar),<br />

Aund San, overwhelmingly won the<br />

general election in 1990, but was<br />

placed under house arrest by the<br />

Military Junta, which has ruled the<br />

country since 1962. She was<br />

awarded the Sakharov Prize in 1990<br />

and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991.<br />

During the phone conversation,<br />

President Ramos-Horta told Mrs.<br />

Suu Kyi that, “knowing the complexity<br />

of Myanmar’s problem”, he believes<br />

– together with other international<br />

public figures– that “it is time<br />

to establish a certain distance in order<br />

to give space for dialogue between<br />

the ruling regime and opposition,<br />

in the attempt to find a path for<br />

the gradual evolution of the situation<br />

in the country”. According to the<br />

Head of State, Mrs. Suu Kyi “asked<br />

him to transmit her gratitude for the<br />

emphatic support” expressed along<br />

the years by the Timorese Nobel<br />

Peace Prize laureate (1996), the<br />

Government and the People of<br />

Timor-Leste.<br />

Also, according to Ramos-Horta,<br />

Mrs. Suu Kyi assured that she wants<br />

to continue hearing the friendly voice<br />

of the Timorese. She also said that<br />

she would like the Nobel Peace<br />

Prize laureate Ramos-Horta to visit<br />

Myanmar soon, in order to learn<br />

from the experience of the world’s<br />

youngest nation after 24 years of<br />

agony under the Indonesian regime<br />

which culminated in the restoration<br />

of independence, in 2002.<br />

The President of Timor-Leste said<br />

he expects to be able to visit Myanmar<br />

in 2011, following normal protocol<br />

procedures, in order to talk with<br />

Mrs. Suu Kyi and the Government.<br />

Timor-Leste na OIM<br />

A 99a Sessão da Organização<br />

Internacional para a Migração (OIM)<br />

aprovou por aclamação, a 29 de Novembro,<br />

a adesão do Timor-Leste<br />

como novo membro da organização.<br />

Tendo trabalhado com a OIM e obtendo<br />

importantes benefícios na última<br />

década, Timor-Leste deu início<br />

ao processo adesão no princípio do<br />

ano.<br />

Against North Korea’s attack<br />

The Timorese President and Nobel<br />

Peace Prize laureate, Dr. Ramos-<br />

Horta, condemned North Korea’s<br />

attack on South Korea, which resulted<br />

in four deaths, including two<br />

civilians and 18 injured, and called<br />

on the international community for<br />

solidarity. The North Korean artillery<br />

attack on the small island of Yeonpyeong,<br />

at the border between the<br />

two countries divided by the 38 th parallel<br />

since 1953, killed two South<br />

Korean marines and two civilians,<br />

according to Seoul’s authorities.<br />

“I received the news from the international<br />

press and from the Ambassador<br />

of Timor-Leste to South Korea,<br />

Eng. João Carrascalão, who<br />

has been keeping me informed”,<br />

said President Ramos-Horta, calling<br />

the North Korean attack an<br />

“irresponsible provocation, without<br />

any justification and extremely serious”.“Fortunately,<br />

there is a lot of<br />

serenity and contention on the side<br />

of the Republic of Korea; otherwise,<br />

a larger crisis could emerge”, he<br />

added. The Timorese Head of State<br />

“strongly” condemned “this aggression”<br />

and called on the “international<br />

community for solidarity, to condemn<br />

the act of State terrorism perpetrated<br />

by the North Korean regime”. Having<br />

expressed “high concern” over the<br />

impact of the bombardments, the<br />

Nobel Peace Prize laureate insisted<br />

that it is an “illegal, criminal and dangerous<br />

act”. During a meeting at the<br />

President’s office this afternoon with<br />

the Ambassador of the Republic of<br />

Korea to Timor-Leste, General Seo<br />

Kyung-Suk, Ramos-Horta expressed<br />

solidarity in his own name and in the<br />

name of the Timorese People toward<br />

the South Korean people, “victims of<br />

the aggression of the Stalinist regime”<br />

of Pyongyang.<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

O Embaixador Joaquim da Fonseca,<br />

durante a alocução, expressou a<br />

gratidão sincera de Timor-Leste para<br />

com a contribuição desta organização<br />

através do apoio dado ao<br />

Governo.<br />

Condolences for Mr. Huang Hua<br />

The Head of State and Nobel Peace<br />

Prize laureate, Dr. Ramos-Horta,<br />

conveyed his condolences to the<br />

Chinese President, Mr. Hu Jinaro,<br />

for the passing away of former Foreign<br />

Minister and Vice Prime Minister<br />

Mr. Huang Hua, 97 year old, on<br />

Tuesday.<br />

The letter says:<br />

I deeply regret the passing away of<br />

former Foreign Minister and Vice<br />

Prime Minister Mr. Huang Hua.<br />

Mr. Huang Hua was an amiable<br />

statesman and a trusted friend.<br />

I had the privilege of knowing very<br />

well Mr. Huang Hua in 1975-1976 as<br />

we had numerous meetings to discuss<br />

the situation in East Timor.<br />

In this sad moment of mourning, I<br />

would like to express my condolences<br />

to the widow, Madam He Liliang,<br />

his three sons and several<br />

grandchildren, as well as to the People’s<br />

Republic of China.<br />

Please accept, Your Excellency, the<br />

assurances of my highest consideration.<br />

Backed by Mao Zedong and Deng<br />

Xiaoping, Mr.Huang Hua is the personality<br />

whose efforts helped to set<br />

the stage for the country’s spectacular<br />

rise.<br />

As Foreign Minister, he had a relevant<br />

participation in the talks to end<br />

the Korean War and at the Geneva<br />

Conference, in 1954.<br />

Mr. Huang Hua was China’s first permanent<br />

representative to the United<br />

Nations, taking up the post shortly<br />

after Beijing gained a seat as Permanent<br />

Member of the organization,<br />

in 1971.<br />

He also held talks that led to the<br />

signing of a peace and friendship<br />

treaty with Japan and he negotiated<br />

with Great Britain regarding the 1997<br />

transfer of Hong Kong to China.


Dr.J.Ramos-Horta<br />

Presidente da República<br />

Addressing the 65 th UN General Assembly (extracts)<br />

New York, United Nations, September, 25 th , 2010<br />

I<br />

was not present in this august<br />

room when President Ahmadinejad<br />

of the Islamic Republic of Iran<br />

addressed this Assembly a few<br />

days ago. I was at Columbia University<br />

addressing an equally important<br />

gathering of young students and academics<br />

from many countries, cultures<br />

and religions.<br />

So I did not hear President Ahmadinejad’s<br />

latest intellectual concoctions<br />

in this august Assembly. I will not<br />

question the right of anyone to speak<br />

his mind. President Ahmadinejad is<br />

entitled to believe in, and regurgitate,<br />

whatever intellectual, philosophical or<br />

theological concoctions his unique<br />

mind may fabricate.<br />

However, I do not agree that anyone<br />

of us should disregard basic rules<br />

and practices of conduct among leaders<br />

and utter obscenities in this august<br />

Assembly.<br />

What President Ahmadinejad said in<br />

this forum in regard to the terrorist<br />

attacks on World Trade Centre was<br />

an obscenity.<br />

He went too far as he has done many<br />

times before in this Assembly and in<br />

other fora as when he questioned the<br />

facts of the Holocaust.<br />

Otherwise, we fully subscribe to<br />

Iran’s legitimate rights to develop nuclear<br />

technology for peaceful purposes<br />

and we caution the powers<br />

that be not to haste in reaching conclusions<br />

that may lead to irreversible<br />

catastrophic decisions. We do have<br />

serious doubts, however, about the<br />

reliability and safety of nuclear energy.<br />

Let’s not forget the lessons of the<br />

Three Mile Island accident which occurred<br />

at 4AM 28 th March 1979 in<br />

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and the<br />

even worse Chernobyl nuclear meltdown<br />

of April 1986.<br />

The recent catastrophe of the oil spill<br />

in the Gulf of Mexico would pale by<br />

comparison with a blow up of a nuclear<br />

energy facility.<br />

We don’t know whether Iranian rulers<br />

do have the desire to be an armed<br />

nuclear power or not.<br />

But what we do know is that the possession<br />

of nuclear weapons is not a<br />

short cut to super-power status as<br />

some in Asia seem to think and does<br />

not insure anyone against 21 st Century<br />

conventional and non –<br />

conventional security threats.<br />

Nuclear weapons were developed as<br />

a result of the tragic experiences of<br />

World War II and of mutual suspicion<br />

and fears pervasive among the powers<br />

at the time.<br />

They have become obsolete .<br />

The Cuban Five<br />

We will now turn to some international<br />

issues. We appeal to President<br />

Barack Obama to sign an executive<br />

order releasing five Cuban citizens<br />

who are languishing in US jails for<br />

over 10 years, denied family visits<br />

and visits by the International Committee<br />

of the Red Cross. The US<br />

should likewise lift the draconian financial<br />

and economic sanctions and<br />

trade embargo against Cuba. The<br />

Cuban people are among the few in<br />

the world who are still suffering the<br />

inequities of the Cold War era. It<br />

seems that for some in the U. S. And<br />

in particular in the State of Florida,<br />

the Cold War is not over. The same<br />

time we commend the Cuban authorities<br />

for releasing some prisoners.<br />

Inspired by the best ideals of the Cuban<br />

humanist tradition, we hope that<br />

all remaining prisoners will be returned<br />

to their homes and families.<br />

Aung San Suu Kjie<br />

The situation in Myanmar is an immensely<br />

complex one.<br />

It is a vast country fragmented along<br />

ethnic lines and plagued by numerous<br />

armed groups fighting with different<br />

agendas, some among them involved<br />

in illicit drug business.<br />

And based on our own experience,<br />

we believe that to manage such complex<br />

challenges, be it in our own<br />

country or Myanmar, we must all<br />

show wisdom and engage in patient<br />

dialogue those who don’t agree with<br />

us, so that together we pull our country<br />

out of conflict and poverty.<br />

Mrs Suu Kjie is a pacifist fighter,<br />

whose integrity has been tested un-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

der the most difficult circumstances;<br />

she is an advocate of tolerance, inclusion<br />

and reconciliation.<br />

It is not only unjust and illegal her<br />

continuing detention but it is also unwise<br />

as Mrs Suu Kjie is a revered<br />

leader who working with the military<br />

leaders would be able to bring about<br />

gradual peaceful changes in Myanmar.<br />

Israeli-Palestinian conflict<br />

We commend the Israeli and Palestinian<br />

leaders for the renewed dialogue<br />

under the auspices of the U.S.<br />

Administration. To those in Palestine<br />

who in spite of decades of suffering<br />

and humiliation have resisted the<br />

temptation of extremism and violence<br />

I bow to them. To those in Israel who<br />

have championed the cause of peace<br />

and the rights of the Palestinian people<br />

I will say you represent the very<br />

best of the Jewish people, a people<br />

who more than anyone else on earth<br />

should understand the suffering and<br />

desire of others for freedom. We urge<br />

the Hamas to show statesmanship by<br />

recognizing the State of Israel. Extremism,<br />

fanaticism and indiscriminate<br />

violence do harm to the noble<br />

Palestinian quest for dignity and freedom.<br />

Hamas and Hezbollah are genuine<br />

popular movements deeply rooted in<br />

the millions of poor, dispossessed,<br />

alienated and angry. Labelling them<br />

“terrorists” and refusing to engage<br />

and build bridges with such groups, in<br />

our view, is not a sound policy. In<br />

Afghanistan where the Taliban are<br />

labelled “terrorists” there is now a<br />

realization that peace is possible only<br />

via dialogue with that popular movement.<br />

We urge Israel, a country rooted in<br />

5,000 years of history, born of centuries<br />

of persecution and wars, to show<br />

the wisdom and magnanimity of the<br />

Jews by ending the Gaza blockade,<br />

allowing unhindered access for humanitarian<br />

assistance, and ending<br />

the land grabbing and colonization of<br />

the West Bank.<br />

(pajina 6...)<br />

5


6<br />

Western Sahara<br />

The aborted decolonization of Western<br />

Sahara and the endless plight of<br />

hundreds of thousands of Saharawis<br />

in camps in Algeria constitute an indictment<br />

of the international community<br />

for its inability to resolve this old<br />

conflict. This is not an issue as complex<br />

as Afghanistan or Palestine. And<br />

how can we believe that there will be<br />

an early resolution of these seemingly<br />

intractable problems when there<br />

seems to be little political will to solve<br />

the Western Sahara problem, a much<br />

less complex issue?<br />

Climate Change<br />

While it is a fact that the rich and the<br />

powerful contributed most to the deteriorating<br />

world’s environment, we<br />

acknowledge that the advance of science,<br />

technology and industries in<br />

the last 200 years have brought enormous<br />

benefits to all of us, even if in<br />

an unequal manner.<br />

But we in the developing world<br />

should not put all the blame on the<br />

rich and the powerful for the harm<br />

done to the planet. We must acknowledge<br />

our share of responsibility in the<br />

destruction of our forests, lakes, rivers<br />

and seas.<br />

Asia has no less responsibility than<br />

the US and Europe to reverse the<br />

climate calamity.<br />

We are responsible because we are<br />

almost half of the planet’s inhabitants!<br />

This alone means that we put enormous<br />

pressure on the land, our minerals,<br />

forests and water.<br />

To modernise our economies and<br />

improve the lives of the hundreds of<br />

millions of our poor, we use increasingly<br />

more energy extracted from the<br />

Earth.<br />

And like the Americans and the<br />

Europeans have done for the past<br />

200 years, we are now searching for<br />

energy in far away regions like Africa<br />

and South America! Asia of today is a<br />

rich, proud and vibrant Asia holding<br />

collectively the largest reserves of<br />

wealth in the world.<br />

Asians master science and technology<br />

with its thousands of scholars,<br />

scientists, innovators, entrepreneurs.<br />

So we appeal to our fellow Asian<br />

leaders to take centre stage and lead<br />

us with wisdom, mobilize our economists,<br />

planners, managers, scientists<br />

and scholars and design an “Asian<br />

Road Map” to eliminate extreme poverty,<br />

illiteracy - the roots of discontentment<br />

and extremism – and reverse<br />

the degradation of our collective<br />

environment.<br />

Almost one year after the Copenhagen<br />

Climate Change Summit there is<br />

a feeling of déjà vue, that there will<br />

be no progress in Cancun in terms of<br />

meaningful collective action to slow<br />

down the rapid deterioration of planet<br />

Earth.<br />

The gap between the rich and the<br />

poor, the powerful and the weak, has<br />

not being bridged. While some countries<br />

have made tangible efforts in<br />

reducing their own CO2 emissions,<br />

the sum of these individual efforts are<br />

dwarfed by the inexorable deterioration<br />

of the environment.<br />

What can we do collectively to move<br />

forward?<br />

A new nuanced approach, without<br />

confrontation, taking into consideration<br />

the sensitivities and interests of<br />

all parties, in particular the more vulnerable<br />

nations, and the legitimate<br />

demands of the rich industrial powers<br />

and of the emerging industrial powers<br />

like India, China, Brazil?<br />

Asia is home to half of the world’s<br />

population, 60% of the world’s poor<br />

and yet it has the largest accumulated<br />

wealth in terms of cash reserves.<br />

If we don’t act now, in few decades<br />

many hundreds of millions of fellow<br />

Asians will be up-rooted and become<br />

climate refugees exacerbating existing<br />

tensions and conflicts; we will kill<br />

each other over water, land and energy<br />

resources in addition to the dec-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

ades old border conflicts, religious<br />

and ethnic tensions and regional rivalries<br />

that have plagued our region.<br />

Hence we call for an Asian common<br />

agenda on sustainable development<br />

anchored on environmental protection<br />

and recovery, on land and water<br />

management, health and education<br />

for all, on poverty and illiteracy elimination.<br />

Asians who have shown ingenuity<br />

and creativity over thousands of<br />

years must today innovate and invest<br />

even more in research in renewable<br />

energy and find ways out of fossil fuel<br />

for our industries and cities; rather<br />

finger pointing and engage in the<br />

blame game, Asians must show<br />

greater wisdom and launch clean cities<br />

campaign everywhere, in every<br />

city, every town.<br />

We must stop commercial logging<br />

and the continuing destruction of our<br />

forests; we must replant, put back the<br />

hundreds of millions of trees that out<br />

of necessity or greed we took away<br />

from the soil and thus cause desertification,<br />

soil erosion, floods, land<br />

slides.<br />

We must stop dumping plastics and<br />

all forms of non-degradable material<br />

into our lakes, rivers and seas that<br />

destroy our rich coral life and fish<br />

stocks.<br />

We must turn waste into clean energy;<br />

we must stop wasting water.


Appeal to the rich and powerful<br />

We appeal to the rich and powerful to<br />

ask themselves whether they have<br />

delivered on the promises and<br />

whether past practices have been<br />

adequate.<br />

All too often leaders of the developing<br />

countries are blamed for the lack of<br />

improvements in the lives of our people<br />

in spite of the generous development<br />

assistance we supposedly have<br />

received from the rich.<br />

Past and current leaders are blamed<br />

for mismanagement, waste and in<br />

some instances outright theft.<br />

There is a lot of truth in all these allegations.<br />

But recent scandals in the<br />

U.S. and in some European countries<br />

like the U.K. show that corruption,<br />

bad governance and incompetence<br />

are not monopolies of the Third<br />

World.<br />

Those who lecture us the most are<br />

now harvesting the consequences of<br />

their own colossal mistakes, incompetence<br />

and corruption at every level.<br />

Donors should also do an honest and<br />

critical analysis of their policies.<br />

And we can provide valuable input<br />

with abundant examples of how the<br />

aid money was misspent by the donors<br />

themselves.<br />

We do not wish to sound ungrateful.<br />

We are not. We know there is a<br />

genuine sentiment of solidarity by the<br />

men and women in the streets in the<br />

U.S., Europe, Japan, towards their<br />

fellow human beings in poorer regions<br />

of the world.<br />

But we must be frank in telling the<br />

rich donors that they must change<br />

and change seriously in the way they<br />

approach the whole development<br />

strategy.<br />

Donors must invest more of every<br />

dollar they pledge to rural development,<br />

agriculture and food security,<br />

water and sanitation, on roads, health<br />

and education – and less on themselves.<br />

When we ask a rich “donor” to send<br />

in a group of “experts” to do a study<br />

on poverty and on why we are poor, a<br />

platoon of experts in dark suits and<br />

safari hats, well supplied with mosquito<br />

repellents, descends on us<br />

overnight, talks to us for hours, takes<br />

copious notes, and finally writes up<br />

long reports with laudable recommendations.<br />

Frankly even a seven year old can<br />

easily download such studies from<br />

Google. I confess I am one of those<br />

who rely on my little nieces to search<br />

and download most of the information<br />

and complex studies on issues ranging<br />

from agriculture to city planning to<br />

oil and gas pipelines! And they don’t<br />

demand hundreds of thousands of<br />

dollars in fee.<br />

The most they now ask in return is<br />

one of latest gadgets like an Ipad or<br />

an Iphone. Only few years ago I<br />

would pay their work by taking them<br />

to an ice cream parlour and a couple<br />

of chocolate ice cream scoops would<br />

satisfy them.<br />

Now they are asking a bit more like<br />

an Ipad but they are still so much less<br />

demanding than the famous (or infamous)<br />

international consultants.<br />

To strengthen national institutions<br />

and the democratically-elected leaders<br />

donors must provide more direct<br />

budget support to enable them to deliver<br />

services and development to the<br />

people.<br />

The multiple layers of rules, regulations,<br />

procedures and bureaucracy<br />

constitute a real obstacle to aid effectiveness.<br />

Bi-lateral and multilateral<br />

donors must also reform and streamline<br />

their own aid mechanisms. It is<br />

disheartening that only a handful of<br />

rich countries have met the target of<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

0,7% of gross national product for<br />

development assistance.<br />

Generous pledges made in the spotlight<br />

of international conferences,<br />

side by side with movie stars and<br />

rock singers, are largely forgotten the<br />

moment the Hollywood curtains fall<br />

and the flood lights are turned off.<br />

It is even more disheartening to see<br />

how quickly tens of billions of dollars<br />

were easily found to rescue failed<br />

banks, insurance companies, fraudulent<br />

real state agencies, obsolete<br />

auto industries; how tens of millions<br />

of dollars in bonuses are paid to incompetents<br />

and crooks responsible<br />

for the financial debacle – and yet<br />

decades of appeals to the rich to increase<br />

foreign development assistance<br />

have met with much resistance.<br />

We believe that one wise and fair<br />

way to assist countries suffering from<br />

the consequences of the financial<br />

meltdown is to write off all the debt<br />

owed by the LDCs and Small Island<br />

Developing States, and to restructure<br />

the debt of other debtor countries.<br />

Timor-Leste is in the unique privileged<br />

situation of not having a single<br />

cent in foreign debt. So what we are<br />

proposing is not motivated by selfinterests.<br />

We believe it is a question<br />

of decency and morality that the rich<br />

countries that acted so quickly and<br />

decisively to rescue failed banks, insurance<br />

companies and bogus real<br />

state agencies, should write off the<br />

debt that entraps hundreds of million<br />

in the developing world.<br />

Timor-Leste and other post-conflict,<br />

fragile nations, number 300 million<br />

people are struggling to consolidate<br />

peace and our State institutions.<br />

We appeal to the international donor<br />

community to expand and enhance<br />

support in a timely manner in support<br />

of our efforts to put conflict and extreme<br />

poverty behind.<br />

7


L<br />

a República de Cuba y la República<br />

Democrática de Timor<br />

Leste acordaron establecer<br />

relaciones diplomáticas a nivel<br />

de Embajada el 25 de mayo de<br />

2002. Desde entonces las relaciones<br />

bilaterales se han fortalecido y ampliado<br />

de manera sostenida.<br />

Un momento decisivo resultó el encuentro<br />

del Comandante en Jefe Fidel<br />

Castro Ruz, Presidente de los<br />

Consejos de Estado y de Ministros<br />

de Cuba y el entonces Presidente de<br />

la República de Timor-Leste, Kay<br />

Rala Xanana Gusmão, en Kuala<br />

Lumpur, Malasia, en febrero de 2003,<br />

en ocasión de la Cumbre del Movimiento<br />

No Alineado, en la cual Cuba<br />

asumiría la Presidencia del NOAL y<br />

Timor Leste se incorporaba como<br />

miembro activo del movimiento.<br />

En ese encuentro se sellaron aun<br />

mas las relaciones históricas forjadas<br />

en la lucha común de nuestros<br />

dos pueblos por alcanzar y preservar<br />

la independencia y soberanía nacional,<br />

concretó en los nuevos tiempos<br />

en acciones efectivas de amistad y<br />

cooperación que recibirían un impulso<br />

importante en visitas posteriores<br />

que realizaron a La Habana el entonces<br />

Canciller de Timor-Leste, Dr.<br />

José Ramos Horta, en junio de 2005<br />

y el entonces Primer Ministro, Dr.<br />

Mari Alkatiri, en diciembre del mismo<br />

año.<br />

La presencia durante mas de 7 años<br />

en Timor de 700 médicos y profesionales<br />

cubanos de la salud prestando<br />

valiosos servicios en toda la geografía<br />

timorense, quienes han ofrecido-5<br />

848 040 consultas médicas y salvado<br />

15, 826 vidas, a la vez que alrededor<br />

de 900 jóvenes timorenses se<br />

forman como médicos en Cuba y en<br />

los 13 distritos de Timor, donde radican<br />

extensiones de la Facultad de<br />

Medicina de la Universidad Nacional,<br />

creada el 5 de diciembre de 2005 , a<br />

cargo de profesores cubanos de<br />

medicina, quienes simultáneamente<br />

realizan labores asistenciales y de<br />

prevención de salud, junto a sus<br />

alumnos timorenses.<br />

Ello constituye efectiva contribución<br />

al fortalecimiento del sistema de salud<br />

de Timor Leste, que en breve<br />

tiempo dispondrá de un numeroso<br />

continente de médicos con alto nivel<br />

profesional, científico y ético, cuyos<br />

primeros 18 ya trabajan en las comunidades<br />

de su país.<br />

Como reconocimiento a la obra<br />

humana y solidaria practicada por los<br />

abnegados profesionales cubanos<br />

que han prestado servicios de salud<br />

en Timor, el 30 de agosto de 2009 el<br />

8<br />

Ramón H.Vázquez<br />

Embaixador de Cuba<br />

Excelentes relaciones<br />

de cooperación y solidaridad<br />

Presidente de la República condecoró<br />

a la Brigada Médica Cubana con<br />

la Medalla Honorífica del Estado de<br />

Timor-Leste.<br />

De igual manera, con el apoyo de<br />

78 profesores- asesores cubanos,<br />

80, 798 ciudadanos timorenses, o<br />

sea el 35,4 % de los analfabetos<br />

adultos existentes al inicio de la campaña,<br />

ya han sido alfabetizados y la<br />

Isla de Atauro y el Distrito enclave de<br />

Oe-cusse, declarados Libre de ese<br />

flagelo, con el novedoso y probado<br />

método cubano ¨Yo Si Puedo ¨<br />

En noviembre del 2008, en Dili, se<br />

realizaría la Primera Sesión de la<br />

Comisión Intergubernamental Timor-<br />

Leste Cuba, donde se pasó balance<br />

al estado de las relaciones bilaterales<br />

y se firmaron importantes acuerdos<br />

de cooperación en Salud y Educación<br />

y sentaron las bases para extender<br />

la cooperación a otras áreas<br />

del desarrollo económico y social.<br />

Cuba le agradece al pueblo de Timor<br />

-Leste y a sus dirigentes históricos, el<br />

apoyo que siempre ha recibido en<br />

solidaridad con sus causas nacionales.<br />

Nunca olvidaremos que apenas a<br />

seis meses de haber ingresado a la<br />

ONU, Timor-Leste votó a favor del<br />

levantamiento incondicional del bloqueo<br />

de los EEUU contra Cuba en la<br />

Asamblea General de las Naciones<br />

Unidas, y desde entonces ha votado,<br />

año tras año, a favor de la Resolución<br />

que exige al Gobierno de Estados<br />

Unidos de América el cese incondicional<br />

e inmediato de tan fragrante<br />

injusticia y violación de los<br />

derechos humanos, a la vez que ha<br />

denunciado en tribunas internacionales<br />

y exigido la liberación de los Cinco<br />

luchadores cubanos antiterroristas,<br />

injustamente presos en cárceles<br />

norteamericanas. El pueblo cubano<br />

jamás olvidará el noble gesto de gobierno<br />

timorense al donar 500 mil<br />

dólares para ayudar a restaurar los<br />

daños ocasionados por los desbastadores<br />

huracanes que nos afectaron<br />

en septiembre de 2008. Tampoco<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

olvidará el gesto del Dr. José Ramos<br />

Horta, en su condición de Premio<br />

Nóbel, al adherirse al Amicus Curiae<br />

presentado por diez Premios Nóbel a<br />

la Corte Suprema de los Estados<br />

Unidos en 2009, favoreciendo una<br />

solución justa para el caso de los<br />

Cinco luchadores antiterroristas.<br />

El 14 de junio de 2008 fue fundada la<br />

Asociación de Amistad Timor-Leste<br />

Cuba y el 26 de agosto del 2009 se<br />

creó el Grupo Parlamentario de<br />

Amistad con Cuba por acuerdo del<br />

Parlamento Nacional de Timor-Leste,<br />

el cual tuvo su efecto inmediato con<br />

la constitución del Grupo Parlamentario<br />

de Amistad con Timor-Leste en<br />

la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular<br />

de Cuba. El 11 de mayo del<br />

presente año 2010, el Plenario del<br />

Parlamento Nacional de Timor Leste<br />

aprobó una resolución de solidaridad<br />

y apoyo con el pueblo cubano, devenida<br />

en alentador estimulo a favor<br />

de nuestras justas causas.<br />

Adicionalmente, se ha ofrecido asesoramiento<br />

técnico, a solicitud del<br />

gobierno timorense al Ministerio de<br />

Agricultura y Pescas y a la Secretaria<br />

de Estado para la Política Energética.<br />

Altos funcionarios del Ministerio de<br />

Salud Pública y del Ministerio de Relaciones<br />

Exteriores cubano han visitado<br />

Timor-Leste, resultando su momento<br />

culminante la visita del Canciller<br />

cubano, Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla,<br />

en junio de 2010, quien tuvo<br />

fructíferos encuentros con las más<br />

altas autoridades del país. Por otra<br />

parte, el pueblo cubano ha tenido el<br />

inmenso honor de recibir las visitas<br />

del Presidente de la República, Dr.<br />

José Ramos Horta, como Jefe de<br />

Estado, la del Presidente del Parlamento<br />

Nacional, Fernando Lasama<br />

de Araújo, del primer Vicepresidente<br />

del PN, Vicente Guterres, del Canciller<br />

Zacarías Albano da Costa y de<br />

varios Ministros, Secretarios de Estado,<br />

Viceministros, líderes de partidos<br />

políticos, diputados, miembros del<br />

Consejo Consultivo del Fondo de<br />

Petróleo, de la Asociación de Amistad<br />

TL-CU y otras personalidades,<br />

para encuentros de trabajo o para<br />

participar en eventos internacionales<br />

en la Habana sobre diversos temas.<br />

El próximo mes de diciembre, tendremos<br />

el inmenso honor de recibir nuevamente<br />

en Cuba a su Excelencia<br />

el Presidente de la República Democrática<br />

de Timor-Leste, Dr. José<br />

Ramos Horta, la que será oportunidad<br />

excepcional para reafirmar las<br />

excelentes relaciones que existen<br />

entre nuestros dos pueblos Estados y<br />

Gobiernos.


Dr.J.Ramos-Horta<br />

Presidente da República<br />

Visita de Trabajo a Cuba<br />

T<br />

iene para mi un gran simbolismo<br />

haber arribado a Cuba<br />

ayer 2 de Diciembre, aniversario<br />

54 del desembarco del<br />

Granma y día en que nacieron las<br />

Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias,<br />

acontecimiento histórico que condujo<br />

años después a la definitiva liberación<br />

e independencia de Cuba.<br />

Expreso mi mas profundo agradecimiento<br />

al General de Ejercito Raúl<br />

Castro, Presidente de los Consejos<br />

de Estado y de Ministros de la República<br />

de Cuba por otorgarme la<br />

Orden Nacional “José Marti”, la que<br />

recibo con gran humildad y honor,<br />

pues ella es expresión de los grandes<br />

sentimientos de solidaridad y<br />

amistad históricos que existen entre<br />

los pueblos de Cuba y Timor-Leste, y<br />

de las fraternales y excelentes relaciones<br />

forjadas entre nuestros dos<br />

pueblos y gobiernos.<br />

Como Presidente de la República de<br />

Timor-Leste, me siento honrado de<br />

conferir la condecoración del Gran<br />

Collar de la Orden de Timor-Leste al<br />

Comandante en Jefe Fidel de Castro<br />

Ruz.<br />

Esta merecida condecoración expresa<br />

todo el agradecimiento y reconocimiento<br />

hacia al Líder de la Revolución<br />

Cubana y su solidario pueblo,<br />

que ha apoyado desde siempre la<br />

causa de independencia y liberación<br />

de Timor-Leste y practicado su solidaridad<br />

y humanismo a favor del<br />

bienestar y la paz del pueblo de Timor,<br />

cuya ayuda ha sido esencial y<br />

permitido grandes progresos, especialmente<br />

en materia de salud y educación.<br />

La cooperación entre los dos países<br />

iniciada en 2005, en particular con<br />

la Campaña Nacional de Alfabetización,<br />

con el método “Yo Sí Puedo”,<br />

ha permitido la posibilidad a mas tardar<br />

erradicar el analfabetismo en el<br />

año 2015 y ya 82,668 timorenses se<br />

han beneficiado con este programa y<br />

la Isla de Atauro y el distrito de Oecussi<br />

han sido declarados libres del<br />

analfabetismo. Igualmente, la Facultad<br />

de Medicina de Timor-Leste, establecida<br />

por la Brigada Médica Cubana<br />

se encuentra realizando una<br />

labor ejemplar al educar a nuestros<br />

futuros médicos. Actualmente, 246<br />

alumnos estudian con regularidad<br />

del primero al sexto año de la carrera<br />

de medicina, que con el retorno<br />

próximo a Timor de 453 estudiantes<br />

de medicina para realizar el quinto y<br />

sexto año de la carrera alcanzara la<br />

cifra de 718 alumnos. Y en el 2012<br />

ya contaremos con 581 médicos de<br />

este programa y continuaran sucesivamente<br />

las nuevas graduaciones,<br />

hasta completar la cifra comprometida<br />

de 1000 médicos en el 2016. Ello<br />

será base sólida que permitirá responder<br />

dignamente a las necesidades<br />

de nuestra población. El programa<br />

ha demostrado ser eficaz en la<br />

formación ética profesional de los<br />

nuevos médicos timorenses que Cuba<br />

forma, cuyos primeros 18 se graduaron<br />

este año y ya trabajan el las<br />

comunidades del interior del país.<br />

Estos grandes apoyos han contribuido<br />

significativamente al establecimiento<br />

de una red pública nacional<br />

de cuidados primarios médicos generales<br />

y especialistas básicos y ejecutar<br />

labor de prevención de salud.<br />

Destacamos de modo especial, la<br />

magnifica labor profesional y entrega<br />

que han desarrollado durante seis<br />

anos, los 712 médicos y especialistas<br />

Cubanos de la Brigada Medica en<br />

todo el territorio de Timor, lo que ha<br />

contribuido ha diminuir de manera<br />

significativa la mortalidad infantil y<br />

materna y enfermedades como la<br />

malaria y la tuberculosis entre otras.<br />

Ellos han salvados mas de 15,826<br />

vidas, realizado mas de 5 millones de<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

Discurso por ocasión del otorgamiento del Gran Collar de la Orden de Timor-Leste<br />

al Líder de la Revolución Cubana, Comandante Fidel Castro Ruz<br />

Havana, 03 de Diciembre del 2010<br />

consultas y 5,845 cirugías. En reconocimiento<br />

a tan meritoria labor, el 30<br />

de agosto del 2009, en el acto por el<br />

Décimo Aniversario del Referéndum<br />

Popular, entregué a la Brigada Médica<br />

Cubana la orden honorífica de<br />

Timor-Leste. Precisamente hoy felicitamos<br />

a todos ellos, que tan dignamente<br />

han representado a su patria y<br />

a los trabajadores de la salud de Cuba,<br />

por el día de la medicina latino<br />

americana que hoy celebran. He querido<br />

resumir y resaltar la importancia<br />

del valioso apoyo que hemos recibido<br />

de Cuba, remarcar y agradecer el<br />

entusiasmo, responsabilidad y disponibilidad<br />

mostrado por los hermanos<br />

Cubanos que de forma desinteresada<br />

nos han apoyado incondicionalmente.<br />

Han sido ellos quienes han sabido<br />

convertir en acciones las indicaciones<br />

afectuosas del Comandante Fidel<br />

Castro de ayudar a nuestro pueblo<br />

y nuestra causa, para construir<br />

una sociedad justa a través de la solidaridad<br />

internacional. Esto brinda<br />

más y mejores oportunidades a nuestros<br />

ciudadanos.<br />

Esta condecoración reconoce los<br />

destacados meritos del Comandante<br />

Fidel Castro Ruz y los esfuerzos solidarios<br />

colectivos del pueblo Cubano,<br />

piedra angular que impulsa y sostiene<br />

la gran fraternidad y amistad Cubanotimorense,<br />

que perdurará por<br />

siempre.<br />

9


para mim uma honra partici-<br />

É<br />

par nesta III Conferência Ministerial<br />

do Fórum para a<br />

Cooperação Económica e Comercial<br />

entre a China e os Países de<br />

Língua Portuguesa e ter a oportunidade<br />

de rever e conversar com tantos<br />

amigos de Timor-Leste.<br />

Quero manifestar, em primeiro lugar,<br />

aos governos da República Popular<br />

da China e da Região Administrativa<br />

Especial de Macau o reconhecimento<br />

pelo acolhimento caloroso que proporcionam<br />

à delegação da República<br />

Democrática de Timor-Leste.<br />

Timor-Leste regista, nos últimos três<br />

anos, um crescimento económico robusto<br />

e uma situação social e política<br />

marcadas pela estabilidade. O crescimento<br />

económico tem atingido os<br />

12% ao ano. Os níveis de pobreza<br />

reduziram-se em 9% por cento nos<br />

últimos dois anos.<br />

Tomando como referência os Objectivos<br />

de Desenvolvimento do Milénio,<br />

estabelecidos em 2000, antes da<br />

restauração da nossa independência,<br />

realizamos progressos satisfatórios<br />

em todos eles. Nalguns, como a<br />

mortalidade no primeiro ano de vida<br />

e a mortalidade de crianças com menos<br />

de 5 anos de idade, já alcançamos<br />

as metas estabelecidas para<br />

2015.<br />

O mesmo acontece com as metas<br />

para detecção e tratamento da Tuberculose.<br />

Nestes campos estamos a estabelecer<br />

já metas mais exigentes.<br />

A taxa de escolaridade cresceu de<br />

65%, em 2007, para 83% em 2009-<br />

2010. O analfabetismo de adultos<br />

está a ser eliminado e antecipamos a<br />

sua completa erradicação em dois a<br />

três anos.<br />

10<br />

Dr.J.Ramos-Horta<br />

Presidente da República<br />

Discurso na abertura da III Conferência Ministerial do<br />

Fórum para a Cooperação Económica e Comercialentre a China a os<br />

Países de Língua Portuguesa - PLP<br />

Macau, 13.NOV-10<br />

30% do nosso Orçamento do Estado<br />

são dirigidos à Saúde Pública e à<br />

Educação. A política de transferências<br />

sociais que iniciámos, apesar de<br />

modesta, está a contribuir significativamente<br />

para reduzir a intensidade<br />

da pobreza e melhorar a situação de<br />

grupos sociais vulneráveis – idosos,<br />

viúvas, deficientes e veteranos.<br />

Estamos a fazer um esforço para<br />

expansão das áreas de cultivo e<br />

incremento da produção de bens alimentares,<br />

que é também um contributo<br />

para melhoria dos rendimentos<br />

dos mais pobres.<br />

Esta viragem clara da nossa situação<br />

económica e social deve-se, em primeiro<br />

lugar, ao ambiente de paz e<br />

estabilidade.<br />

Estas constituem, presentemente,<br />

prioridades partilhadas por todas as<br />

forças partidárias e pela sociedade<br />

civil, aumentando a confiança dos<br />

agentes económicos e da população.<br />

O comércio e, em geral, a iniciativa<br />

económica, desenvolveram-se e assistimos<br />

a uma verdadeira “explosão”<br />

benéfica de investimento – na hotelaria,<br />

restauração, materiais de construção,<br />

electrodomésticos, mobiliário,<br />

pequeno comércio.<br />

(Faço um parên-tesis para lembrar<br />

que para esta evolução contribui a<br />

intensificação das relações empresariais<br />

entre Timor-Leste e a República<br />

Popular da China, que estão a marcar<br />

positivamente a nossa economia,<br />

como referirei mais adiante).<br />

Relativamente à gestão dos nossos<br />

recursos petrolíferos, é uma satisfação<br />

notar que a Iniciativa de Transparência<br />

nas Indústrias Extractivas,<br />

ou seja, Extractive Industries Transparency<br />

Initiative (EITI), classificou<br />

Timor-Leste, no seu relatório de 1 de<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

Julho de 2010, como primeiro país na<br />

Ásia e terceiro no mundo no que respeita<br />

à solidez, transparência e efectividade<br />

na gestão dos lucros provenientes<br />

do gás e do petróleo.<br />

O nosso progresso só é possível<br />

devido ao apoio da comunidade internacional<br />

e dos parceiros bilaterais.<br />

A ajuda amiga de Portugal e da<br />

União Europeia contribuem decisivamente<br />

para o nosso desenvolvimento<br />

institucional e a realização de<br />

muitas outras prioridades nacionais.<br />

A cooperação entre Timor-Leste e o<br />

Brasil está em franca expansão, em<br />

várias áreas. Temos relações estreitas<br />

de cooperação com Cabo Verde,<br />

Moçambique.<br />

Na verdade, posso dizer que temos<br />

tido a contribuição positiva de quadros<br />

qualificados de todos os países<br />

da CPLP, enquadrados em mecanismos<br />

de cooperação multilateral, no<br />

funcionamento do nosso sistema judicial,<br />

como noutras áreas.<br />

Quero manifestar a todos os<br />

presentes o nosso grande apreço por<br />

essa contribuição. Quero destacar<br />

também as manifestações de solidariedade<br />

com que nos têm beneficiado<br />

o governo da República Popular da<br />

China e o governo da Região Administrativa<br />

Especial de Macau.<br />

Macau expressou das mais diversas<br />

formas, desde 2000, o seu apoio a<br />

Timor-Leste – na compra de equipamentos,<br />

no financiamento de quadros<br />

timorenses, no acolhimento de jovens<br />

estudantes.<br />

Universitários timorenses têm tido os<br />

estudos – na Universidade de Macau<br />

e noutras universidades – financiados<br />

com a atribuição de 25 bolsas<br />

de estudo pelo governo da China e o<br />

Executivo de Macau.


O Fórum para a Cooperação beneficou<br />

com acções de formação 400<br />

quadros técnicos e profissionais de<br />

Timor-Leste.<br />

Desde 2003, ano em que teve lugar<br />

a 1ª Conferência Ministerial, Timor-<br />

Leste tem beneficiado da actividade<br />

do Fórum, na Cooperação Económica<br />

e Empresarial, Cooperação na área<br />

dos Recursos Humanos, Cooperação<br />

Intergovernamental e Agrícola,<br />

e construção de Infra-Estruturas e<br />

captação de investimento directo estrangeiro.<br />

As excelentes relações com o governo<br />

central da República Popular da<br />

China têm-se aprofundado, quer no<br />

plano da ajuda ao desenvolvimento,<br />

quer no das relações comerciais.<br />

As trocas comerciais entre a China e<br />

Timor-Leste aumentaram significativamente,<br />

desde 2008, e ascendem<br />

já, no corrente ano, a 24 milhões de<br />

dólares.<br />

O meu apreço ao Ministério do Comércio<br />

da China, pelo fomento do<br />

intercâmbio empresarial, designadamente,<br />

com a organização de even-<br />

tos internacionais que têm tido a participação<br />

interessada de empresários<br />

de Timor-Leste. As relações comerciais<br />

alargam-se a sectores de relevo.<br />

A componente naval das forças de<br />

Defesa de Timor-Leste foi, ainda recentemente,<br />

enriquecida pela aquisição<br />

à República Popular da China de<br />

dois barcos novos, no montante de<br />

quase 30 milhões de dólares.<br />

No sector da energia, estamos a<br />

construir, em parceria com uma empresa<br />

chinesa, uma central e uma<br />

rede nacional de distribuição eléctrica<br />

-- um projecto integrado, no valor de<br />

quase 400 milhões de dólares, que<br />

vai garantir o fornecimnto de electricidade<br />

a 80% por cento do país, 24<br />

sobre 24 horas, e vai permitir o arranque<br />

da industrialização e modernização<br />

da economia de Timor-Leste,<br />

para os próximos 20 anos.<br />

As relações de cooperação bi-lateral<br />

com a China são também relevantes<br />

e vão da construção de infra-estruturas,<br />

para sediar instituições do Esta-<br />

do de Timor-Leste, até à agricultura,<br />

com o desenvolvimento de um projecto<br />

inovador de introdução de arroz<br />

híbrido, que está a revelar resultados<br />

positivos.<br />

Timor-Leste é um jovem país que se<br />

sente confortável ao integrar-se gradualmente<br />

na comunidade das nações<br />

e que deseja dar a sua contribuição<br />

para a estabilidade e a paz.<br />

Por convicção, estabelecemos o<br />

objectivo de desenvolver as nossas<br />

relações com todos os países do<br />

Mundo e contribuir, na medida dos<br />

nossos meios e das circunstâncias,<br />

para uma ordem internacional as-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

sente na Segurança, na liberdade e<br />

no direito de todos ao desenvolvimento<br />

sustentado e à prosperidade.<br />

No desenvolvimento destes valores,<br />

logo após a restauração da independência,<br />

em 2002, tomámos a decisão<br />

de aderir à ASEAN, como forma de<br />

nos integrarmos na vida da nossa região<br />

natural e contribuirmos para as<br />

responsabilidades comuns de desenvolver<br />

e aprofundar a estabilidade e a<br />

segurança regionais.<br />

O nosso pedido de adesão foi apresentado<br />

em 2003 e o processo iniciado<br />

tem uma evolução muito positiva.<br />

Estamos reconhecidos ao Secretariado<br />

da ASEAN pelo apoio que dá<br />

para desenvolvermos as condições<br />

para aceder ao estatuto de membro.<br />

No plano internacional, estamos todos<br />

perante novos desafios, fruto de<br />

tempos marcados por alguma volatilidade<br />

que o mundo atravessa.<br />

Mas os desafios são sempre<br />

oportunidades para ultrapassar<br />

dificuldades e impul-sionar os nossos<br />

objectivos.<br />

O Fórum de Macau é uma estrutura<br />

dinâmica, flexível e empreendedora<br />

com condições para continuar a dar<br />

contributos muito positivos aos nossos<br />

objectivos comuns de estabilidade,<br />

progresso e desenvolvimento.<br />

Acredito que o Plano de Acção para<br />

a Cooperação Económica e Comercial<br />

que sairá desta III Conferência<br />

Ministerial irá aprofundar e enriquecer<br />

a cooperação entre a China e os<br />

Países de Língua Portuguesa, com<br />

vantagens para todas as partes.<br />

Desejo que esta Conferência assinale<br />

o início de um triénio de grande<br />

prosperidade para todos.<br />

11


F<br />

retilin leaders represented<br />

the East Timorese as the<br />

Maubere people: they effectively<br />

took Mambai ethnic<br />

identity as a trope for the imagined<br />

nation. Maubere or Mau Bere. This is<br />

a common Mambai masculine name<br />

that was used during the Portuguese<br />

colonial period as a demeaning term<br />

of address for indigenous men; it became<br />

an ethnic label for the Mambai,<br />

evoking their reputation among East<br />

Timor's diverse ethnic groups as both<br />

especially backward and faithful to<br />

indigenous traditions, the archetype<br />

of what East Timorese call kaladi or<br />

Westerners. In using the Mau Bere<br />

symbol to articulate the idea of 'the<br />

people', Fretilin imagined the nation<br />

as a poor and oppressed but culturally<br />

vital community about to emerge<br />

into history under the party's leadership.<br />

Nationalist visions of 'the people'<br />

constructed from above are actively<br />

appropriated and remade from<br />

below. This paper is about one such<br />

process of remaking; it explores the<br />

local imagination of a national identity.<br />

In Aileu, the Maubere symbol<br />

evokes a capacity to suffer and endure<br />

that is central to popular nation-<br />

12<br />

Elizabeth G. Traube<br />

Ph.D Anthropologist<br />

Unpaid Wages: Local Narratives<br />

and the Imagination of the Nation (extracts)<br />

Mambai<br />

alism. It is a Mambai commonplace<br />

that the nation was won through suffering<br />

and sacrifice; it was<br />

'purchased', the saying goes, 'not<br />

with silver or gold, but with the blood<br />

of the people' (ba los nor os-butin nor<br />

os-meran fe al, mas nor povu ni laran).<br />

Suffering is often associated<br />

with nationhood in official nationalist<br />

discourses, while the notion of its<br />

'purchasing' power resonates with the<br />

Christian economy of salvation. For<br />

Mambai, the agonistic idiom also<br />

evokes a cultural code of reciprocity<br />

in which those who suffer to bring<br />

something forth must be repaid; whoever<br />

benefited from or caused their<br />

suffering owes them 'payment for<br />

their fatigue' or 'wages' (seul kolen).<br />

In Aileu, popular suffering in the nationalist<br />

struggle has been interwoven<br />

with a pre-independence local narrative<br />

tradition about a martyred<br />

prophet. The name most commonly<br />

attributed to the protagonist is Felis<br />

Marindo. Most people refer to him as<br />

Tat Felis, from tata, 'grandfather, ancestor,<br />

old man'. He goes by a variety<br />

of names over the course of his adventures,<br />

such as Mau Kiak (Poor<br />

Fellow) or Mau Terus (Suffering Fel-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

low). And in the climax of a version of<br />

the narrative tradition that I first collected<br />

in 1973, he assumes the name<br />

Mau Bere. Fretilin's subsequent use<br />

of this name was no mere coincidence<br />

in local estimation, but it was<br />

not the name alone that activated the<br />

tradition. The Tat Felis tradition<br />

shares a number of features with the<br />

so-called 'cargo myths' of New<br />

Guinea, such as a Christ-like hero<br />

who would have brought prosperity<br />

and justice to the people had foolish<br />

ancestors not driven him away. Also<br />

reminiscent of cargo is the idea that<br />

the rejected hero may return some<br />

day to establish a utopian order. In<br />

Aileu the nationalist struggle created<br />

conditions in which many people<br />

longed for that return and were receptive<br />

to claims that it had occurred.<br />

According to others, Tat Felis is gone<br />

for good, but the wrong that was<br />

done to him remains unexpiated and<br />

is entangled with more recent crimes.<br />

The idea of the prophet who suffered<br />

for the people has been interwoven<br />

with that of the people who suffered<br />

for the nation and gives meaning and<br />

force to popular demands upon the<br />

new state.


The Tat Felis Tradition<br />

(…) Hohul and Raimaus are two ritually<br />

important origin villages. Their<br />

reputations, especially Hohul's, extend<br />

through much of the Mambai<br />

area, including Dili. Their formal relation<br />

is that of elder brother (Raimaus)<br />

to younger brother (Hohul). Origin<br />

narratives preserved in both villages<br />

depict their common ancestor as the<br />

original founder of order who once<br />

combined ritual and political functions.<br />

Later, in what is a recurrent<br />

Austronesian theme, his descendants<br />

renounce political power in favour of<br />

newcomers from outside but retain<br />

ritual authority. They 'sit down to look<br />

after the rock and watch over the<br />

tree', the ubiquitous icons of Mambai<br />

ritual life, while responsibility for regulating<br />

human affairs passes to the<br />

chiefs of Aileun, the 'kingdom' (reinu)<br />

from which the administrative district<br />

of Aileu takes its name. Precedence<br />

is pre-eminence in the ritually centred<br />

view of origin structures, and the water<br />

buffalos that Aileun chiefs are expected<br />

to bring to Hohul and Raimaus<br />

ceremonies mark the superior<br />

status of the original lords.<br />

The man who first recounted the Tat<br />

Felis story to me was Mau Balen, a<br />

resident of suku (sub-district) Seloi,<br />

whose ancestral house was in Raimaus.<br />

It was the very first tradition<br />

that Mau Balen entrusted to me, the<br />

way that he chose to initiate what<br />

was to be an extended relationship.<br />

Over one long night in Seloi, where<br />

we met during the annual census, he<br />

narrated the tale. More interesting to<br />

me at the time, however, were the<br />

fragments of poetic origin narratives<br />

about Hohul and Raimaus that he<br />

went on to recount over the following<br />

nights. Whereas the latter events<br />

took place in a remote, mythical period<br />

that Mambai call the<br />

'night' (hoda), Tat Felis's adventures<br />

belonged to the more recent period of<br />

the 'day' (namada). Over the course<br />

of our relationship, Mau Balen would<br />

often instruct me to pursue affairs 'of<br />

the night' or 'the trunk' (fun) and not<br />

to let myself be distracted by the<br />

branching 'tips' (laun) of 'daylight'<br />

events. That orientation was reinforced<br />

after I recruited the second<br />

member of my team, Mau Bere,<br />

whom I met a few months later in Hohul,<br />

his ancestral village. Under their<br />

tutelage I became fixated on the<br />

mythic 'night' and almost impatient<br />

with such 'daylight' matters as the<br />

story of Tat Felis, despite the importance<br />

Mau Balen, in particular, accorded<br />

it.<br />

When I returned to Aileu in November<br />

2000, for the first time in twenty-six<br />

years, the Tat Felis tradition was impossible<br />

to avoid.<br />

For Mau Balen, it mediated a distinctive<br />

vision of the independence struggle<br />

and his own experience in it.<br />

Mau Bere, to my sorrow, was dead,<br />

having passed away in Dili less than<br />

two years previously. But when his<br />

younger brother accompanied me<br />

back to Hohul to meet with one of<br />

their senior kinsmen, the latter's<br />

agenda turned out to involve Tat Felis.<br />

Almost every interview that I conducted<br />

included references to Tat<br />

Felis, and the story came up repeatedly<br />

in casual conversations. In a<br />

variety of ways the suffering endured<br />

by the people over the course of the<br />

nationalist struggle was connected to<br />

the injustice done to Tat Felis.<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

The Felis tradition purports to describe<br />

the arrival of the first missionaries<br />

to Aileu, an event which took<br />

place in the late nineteenth century.<br />

At least one of the protagonists is<br />

derived from a historical figure, Father<br />

Jacob dos Reis e Cunha, a<br />

Timorese who was educated and ordained<br />

abroad and returned to Timor<br />

in the 1860s. When Father Jacob<br />

visited Aileu his missionising activities<br />

aroused the hostility of local chiefs,<br />

and he was forced to withdraw. The<br />

Catholic cult he had introduced devolved<br />

into a syncretic movement, to<br />

which René Pélissier gives the name<br />

'Hoho-Hulu'; Pélissier also suggests<br />

that Father Jacob himself later reverted<br />

to animism.<br />

If there was an historical Felis, I have<br />

so far been unable to identify him, but<br />

features attributed to the character<br />

suggest Father Jacob himself or one<br />

of his converts.<br />

This much is clear: the historical encounter<br />

between missionisers and<br />

indigenous sacral leaders gave rise<br />

to an enduring narrative tradition.<br />

The outlines of the story are as follows.<br />

(pajina 14...)<br />

13


Two priests, Father Diakobi and Father<br />

Xakob (Jacob), come from overseas<br />

to Timor, with their servants. In<br />

some accounts Felis Marindo accompanies<br />

them as one of the servants,<br />

while in others he precedes and<br />

awaits them, or even summons them<br />

to Timor.<br />

His own origins are represented as<br />

unknown.<br />

Although he is Christian (sarani), he<br />

is not a priest, and tellers and commentators<br />

alike were adamant that he<br />

was not a Malaia (a white foreigner)<br />

but 'black, like us'.Either together or<br />

separately, he and the missionaries<br />

arrive at Bandeira Fun (Base of the<br />

Flag), which is the ancestral origin<br />

village of the Aileun chiefs.<br />

There the priests begin to build a<br />

chapel and to baptise members of the<br />

population, including the chief's wife.<br />

This antagonises the chief, who in<br />

most accounts (with the notable exception<br />

of a version narrated by one<br />

of his descendants) orders the priests<br />

to be killed.<br />

Diakobi and his servant are killed.<br />

To hide the crime, the priest's body is<br />

buried in the chapel, in a standing<br />

position, his hands extended upward,<br />

as if in prayer.<br />

Xakob departs for Soibada, which<br />

later became the seat of a seminary<br />

14<br />

and a centre of learning, whereas in<br />

Aileu, several tellers observed, the<br />

population remains ignorant to this<br />

day.<br />

Tat Felis, who witnessed the murder,<br />

strikes out alone. He settles in a variety<br />

of places, but, after a few years in<br />

each, he moves on.<br />

He leaves behind a trail of houses,<br />

stone altars and other material remains<br />

that residents now represent<br />

as the traces of his passage.<br />

Many of these are located in sukus<br />

Rai Laku and Seloi, to the north west<br />

of Aileu villa.<br />

Eventually, his path turns southward,<br />

into the mountainous interior, and all<br />

tellings converge on one destination:<br />

Tat Felis arrives at Hohul, where he<br />

is well received by the people.<br />

He becomes the patron of one of the<br />

Hohul houses, Fad Liurai, which he<br />

divides into pagan (sentiua) and<br />

Christian (sarani) halves, as it remains<br />

to this day.<br />

He establishes his own village just<br />

below Hohul, at the place called<br />

Tutreda (probably from uma-kreda,<br />

house of worship or church), where<br />

an apparition of the Virgin had previously<br />

appeared.<br />

Here he performs a variety of<br />

'miracles' (milagre) centred on productivity<br />

and wealth. Although he<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

never seems to toil, his gardens<br />

thrive and he always has good things<br />

to eat, including such delicacies as<br />

bread and eggs.<br />

One teller attributed to him an inexhaustible<br />

cooking pot that was always<br />

full, no matter how much he served to<br />

his guest.<br />

Suspicions of sorcery begin to circulate,<br />

on the grounds that he makes<br />

things 'appear out of nowhere and<br />

materialise (from thin air)' (mous nor<br />

dleus).<br />

Liurai, the Hohul house he visits, is<br />

the place of justice within the ritual<br />

sphere, where Hohul leaders settle<br />

disputes related to ritual duties.<br />

One day, when the chief responsible<br />

for such matters is away, Felis offers<br />

to settle a dispute between two villages<br />

regarding their respective<br />

prestation obligations.<br />

The chief's wife overhears him and<br />

tells her husband that Tat Felis has<br />

'usurped his right' (and thus his manhood).<br />

A complex chain of command is set<br />

in motion that begins with a complaint<br />

against Tat Felis lodged by the Hohul<br />

chief and leads to his arrest and delivery<br />

to the Aileun chiefs on charges<br />

of sorcery. The chiefs want to turn the<br />

matter over to the Portuguese administrator,<br />

but the latter is impressed by<br />

Felis's spiritual powers and becomes<br />

the Pilate figure in the drama that<br />

now unfolds.<br />

He hands Felis back to the Aileun<br />

chiefs, who send him to the kingdom<br />

of Motain, near Dili, to be execu ted.<br />

A large part of the story consists of<br />

graphic descriptions of the various<br />

execution attempts: he is buried alive,<br />

starved, doused with oil and locked in<br />

an oven, but after each attempt he<br />

emerges unscathed.<br />

Felis's punishment figures in all versions,<br />

but the narrative resolutions<br />

vary.<br />

In versions narrated by Hohul people,<br />

Felis eventually either escapes or is<br />

released from his captivity.<br />

After this, he periodically reappears<br />

and disappears (mous nor lakon). At<br />

length, he returns to the villa of Aileu<br />

and rides into the church.<br />

Passers-by observe the horse's footprints<br />

going into the church, but neither<br />

horse nor rider re-emerges.


Mau Balen dismissed the disappearance<br />

in the church as a story fabricated<br />

by Hohul priests, with whom his<br />

own relationship had clearly deteriorated<br />

over the years.<br />

He told me and my assistant, Maria<br />

Fatima, that the trouble had begun in<br />

November 1975 when, he claimed,<br />

Xavier (do Amaral, the first head of<br />

Fretilin and president of the nation<br />

declared just before the Indonesian<br />

invasion) had entrusted him with the<br />

'national flag'.<br />

Hohul priests, according to Mau<br />

Balen, were jealous of this honour<br />

and accused him of seeking to usurp<br />

their ritual prerogatives (hau kuka).<br />

He said that he had been arrested in<br />

1976 for conspiring to 'steal the presidency'<br />

and sent to Turiscai, where<br />

Xavier had indeed set up a base.<br />

At this point, the tale of his own adventures<br />

would fold back into a version<br />

of the Tat Felis tradition almost<br />

identical with what he had recounted<br />

in 1973.<br />

In all Mau Balen's tellings, a lengthy<br />

prologue and a shorter epilogue<br />

frame the central narrative events<br />

and give the whole the effect of what<br />

Mambai classify as maer or 'tales'. In<br />

the prologue he identifies Tat Felis's<br />

father as God (Maromak) who takes<br />

the form of an old man with a twisted<br />

foot, begets a son with a Timorese<br />

Mary and then disappears.<br />

Raised as a poor goatherd, the precocious<br />

orphan provides for his<br />

mother through a series of victorious<br />

cockfights and then sets out in search<br />

of his father. The quest eventually<br />

leads him to Bandeira Fun, where he<br />

encounters the priests, and then, by<br />

way of a sojourn in Seloi and Rai<br />

Laku, to his betrayal in Hohul.<br />

Mau Balen always described Felis's<br />

arrest and punishment at great<br />

length.<br />

The series of executions reaches a<br />

climax in which Tat Felis teaches his<br />

captors how to dispose of him once<br />

and for all: they are to nail him to a<br />

cross, place the cross in a casket,<br />

and toss the casket into the sea,<br />

where Grandfather Crocodile, the<br />

Lord of the Sea, will devour the body.<br />

After that, Tat Felis promises, he will<br />

not return.<br />

They do as he instructs, but, when<br />

Grandfather Crocodile opens the casket,<br />

he recognises Tat Felis and<br />

cures him. Felis then returns to land,<br />

where he seizes a young boy named<br />

Mau Bere, takes him back to the undersea<br />

world, and gives him to<br />

Grandfather Crocodile in return for<br />

having cured him. Tat Felis assumes<br />

Mau Bere's appearance, name and<br />

identity and returns to land in this<br />

new guise.<br />

(…) Acting through Xavier (who unknowingly<br />

assumed his name), he<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

made political parties; and the parties<br />

brought the war, in which 'hairless'<br />

human beings died to make up the<br />

difference. Bi Bere and Mau Bere, the<br />

suffering women and men who purchased<br />

the nation with their blood,<br />

were substitutes for the unpaid animal<br />

sacrifices.<br />

(…)In Mambai cosmology Mt. Ramelau,<br />

which Mambai call Tat Mai Lau,<br />

Grandfather Summit, is the centre of<br />

ordered space, where the first ancestors<br />

of humanity are born.<br />

According to Mambai origin myths,<br />

the youngest of the ancestors<br />

'washed himself white and clean' (luk<br />

buti nor mo), gathered up the regalia<br />

of office (including the flag) and<br />

passed through the 'mountain door' to<br />

Portugal, across the sea, where he<br />

founded a new realm. That the overseas<br />

foreigners or Malaia are their kin<br />

is a common premise among Mambai.<br />

Moreover, the mythic path charted by<br />

the Malaia ancestor is activated in<br />

Mambai mortuary rituals, when the<br />

spirits of the long dead, after a sojourn<br />

on Tat Mai Lau, are sent away<br />

across the sea, where 'their faces<br />

become different, their ears become<br />

different' (ahe selu, kika selu).<br />

Mambai will say that what happens<br />

overseas is beyond their knowledge,<br />

but there is an idea, if not precisely a<br />

belief, that the dead become Malaia.<br />

15


E<br />

kipa volley da praia Timor-<br />

Leste iha loron Domingo, 5<br />

Dezembru 2010, husik hela<br />

Timor-Leste hodi hakat-an<br />

ba nasaun Oman, hodi partisipa iha<br />

torneio “ASEAN BEACH GAMES<br />

2010” ne’ebe hala’o iha nasaun ne’ebe<br />

refere hahu husi loron 7 to’o 17<br />

Dezembru 2010.<br />

Ekipa ne’e kompostu husi jogadores<br />

mane na’in 4 no feto na’in 4 husi<br />

kategoria idade sub 19 ba jogadores<br />

feto, no sub 22 ba mane, ne’ebe<br />

durante ne’e hala’o ona treinamentu<br />

insentivu iha Dili iha fulan balun nia<br />

laran.<br />

Alende jogadores sira, ekipa refere<br />

kompostu mos husi treinadores no<br />

ofisiais balun, inklui Prezidente Federasaun<br />

Volley Ball de Timor-Leste<br />

(FVTL), Jaime Pinto Madeira<br />

Entertantu partisipasaun Timor-Leste<br />

iha eventu refere iha tinan ida ne’e,<br />

nudar partisipasaun daruak nian.<br />

Molok ne’e, iha tinan 2008, Timor-<br />

Leste partisipa mos iha eventu<br />

ne’ebe hanesan, ne’ebe hala’o iha<br />

Bali, Indonezia. Iha tempu ne’eba,<br />

Ekipa Timor-Leste konsege tama iha<br />

rangking 19 husi nasaun 45 ne’ebe<br />

partisipa iha eventu ne’e.<br />

Ba tinan ida ne’e, Federasaun Volley<br />

16<br />

Joel Pereira<br />

Media / PR<br />

Ekipa Volley de Praia Timor-Leste<br />

ba Partisipa Iha “ASEAN Beach Games 2010 - Oman”<br />

U<br />

m discurso sobre se “Será<br />

o século XXI o século da<br />

Ásia? - Oportunidades e<br />

Desafios futuros” marcou a<br />

intervenção do Presidente timorense<br />

e Nobel da Paz, Dr. José Ramos-<br />

Horta, no V Seminário de Prémios<br />

Nobel, quinta-feira em Viena.<br />

O líder timorense chegou a Viena na<br />

manhã de terça-feira e antes do<br />

almoço foi convidado de honra numa<br />

recepção oferecida pelo Chanceler<br />

Federal da República da Áustria,<br />

Werner Faymann, que proferiu as<br />

palavras de boas-vindas.<br />

O Dr. Ramos-Horta teve aí ocasião<br />

de se encontrar com o egípcio Mohamed<br />

ElBaradei, laureado com o Prémio<br />

Nobel da Paz em 2005, em reconhecimento<br />

pela actividade desenvolvida<br />

ao serviço da Agência Internacional<br />

de Energia Atómica (AIEA).<br />

A seguir, no Palácio Presidencial o<br />

Chefe de Estado timorense teve uma<br />

reunião com o homólogo austríaco,<br />

Heinz Fischer, que manifestou ao Dr.<br />

Ramos-Horta apreço pelo apoio recebido<br />

de Timor-Leste para a candidatura<br />

da Áustria – como membro não-<br />

Ball de Timor-Leste konsege partisipa<br />

iha eventu internasional ne’e depois<br />

de hetan suporta maksimu husi<br />

Prezidente Republika, Dr José Ramos-Horta.<br />

Alende fo suporta ba ekipa ida ne’e,<br />

iha tinan 2008 no 2009, Xefe Estadu<br />

mos fo apoiu ba FVTL hodi hala’o<br />

torneio balun iha rai laran, hanesan<br />

torneio “Tasa Dili Sidade Dame” ne’e-<br />

permanente - ao Conselho de Segurança<br />

das Nações Unidas (ONU), garantindo<br />

em reciprocidade o apoio do<br />

seu país – através da União Europeia<br />

– para a candidatura de Timor-Leste<br />

à Associação dos Países do Sudeste<br />

Asiático (ASEAN).<br />

O Dr. Ramos-Horta aproveitou a ocasião<br />

para fazer uma síntese dos<br />

progressos registados em Timor-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

be hala’o iha fulan Dezembru 2008,<br />

no torneio “Tasa Prezidente Republika”<br />

ne’ebe hala’o iha fulan Outubru<br />

tinan ida ne’e.<br />

Apoiu Gabinete Prezidensia Republika<br />

nian ba inisiativa ida ne’e, nudar<br />

pakote ida husi aktividades bar-barak<br />

ne’ebe Xefe Estadu, Dr. Ramos-Horta<br />

inisia iha tinan ida ne’e iha programa<br />

“Dili Sidade Dame”.<br />

V Seminário de Prémios Nobel - Viena<br />

Presidente Ramos-Horta fala sobre oportunidades e desafios para Ásia no século XXI<br />

Leste nos planos sociopolítico e económico,<br />

ouvindo palavras de reconhecimento<br />

pela visão e capacidade<br />

de liderança das autoridades locais,<br />

reveladoras de grande maturidade e<br />

determinação na reconciliação nacional.<br />

Um almoço oficial culminou este<br />

encontro, que decorreu num espírito<br />

de amizade.


Shepard Forman<br />

Director Center on International Cooperation<br />

Building Civilian Capacity<br />

for Conflict Management and Sustainable Peace (extracts)<br />

* photo UNMIT Mertine Perret<br />

S<br />

ince the early 1990s, the UN<br />

system, the World Bank<br />

Group, and bilateral donors<br />

have been involved in a<br />

broad array of state-support and<br />

peace-building functions in the aftermath<br />

of conflicts – many of them protracted<br />

– that have either severely<br />

weakened or largely decimated the<br />

institutions of governance.<br />

Designated variably as post-conflict<br />

reconstruction or peace-building,<br />

these activities have included a wide<br />

variety of administrative and public<br />

management tasks, ranging from political<br />

observation and negotiation in<br />

El Salvador, to technical assistance<br />

and advisory services in Mozambique,<br />

to the “light [but extensive]<br />

footprint” in Afghanistan and the fullfledged<br />

governing authority assumed<br />

by UNTAET in East Timor and UN-<br />

MIK in Kosovo.<br />

These political and civilian administration<br />

tasks take place alongside<br />

vital security and humanitarian operations,<br />

but have not received the same<br />

recognition of their importance.<br />

Increasingly over the last decade, the<br />

UN System, including the Bretton<br />

Woods Institutions, has developed its<br />

capacity to deal with a range of crises<br />

from conflict prevention to peacebuilding.<br />

(… ) Peacebuilding is “… the development<br />

of the conditions, attitude and<br />

behavior that foster and sustain social<br />

and economic development that<br />

is peaceful, stable and prosperous.”<br />

And, “Peacebuilding attempts to encourage<br />

the development of the<br />

structural conditions, attitudes and<br />

modes of political behavior that may<br />

permit peaceful, stable an ultimately<br />

prosperous social and economic development”,<br />

acute human suffering<br />

and violent conflict, resulting in significantly<br />

improved capacity for the<br />

planning and implementation of<br />

peacekeeping operations and humanitarian<br />

relief in complex emergencies.<br />

These improvements reflect the need<br />

for international actors to accord primacy<br />

to peace implementation and to<br />

deal with security challenges to local<br />

authorities until such time as the latter<br />

are able to establish their own<br />

defense and public order capabilities.<br />

Failure to perform this vital transition<br />

function creates a high risk of relapse<br />

into conflict.<br />

It is also the case, however, that failure<br />

to build adequate state capacity –<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

to help local authorities put in place<br />

or resuscitate effective public institutions<br />

for law and order and the provision<br />

of social services – can also<br />

doom post-conflict peace-building<br />

efforts.<br />

In response, peacekeeping mandates<br />

have become ever more multidimensional,<br />

and a broader array of<br />

UN entities and NGOs has become<br />

engaged in post-conflict operations<br />

and assistance programs.<br />

These have involved inter alia: drafting<br />

and implementing peace accords;<br />

demobilizing and reintegrating combatants;<br />

drafting new constitutions;<br />

conducting elections; designing and<br />

enforcing civil and criminal legal systems;<br />

training local police; jumpstarting<br />

and managing local and national<br />

economies; fashioning, staffing<br />

and training for civil services; reconstructing<br />

and operating public utilities;<br />

establishing banking, tax and customs<br />

systems; and supervising the<br />

reconstruction of education and<br />

health systems.<br />

In the most developed of these missions,<br />

the UN has had a full-array of<br />

civil responsibilities.<br />

(pajina 18...)<br />

17


Far from being mere technical tasks,<br />

these undertakings require strong<br />

leadership, political and interpersonal<br />

skills, as well as knowledge<br />

of local languages, politics, culture<br />

and norms. Success depends on the<br />

skills and talents of the civilian actors<br />

in these missions, and on the legitimacy<br />

derived from close consultation<br />

and involvement of local actors and<br />

the breadth and coherence of international<br />

participation.<br />

Unfortunately, while there is general<br />

acceptance of the broad guidelines<br />

governing international action in postconflict<br />

reconstruction and peacebuilding,<br />

relatively little has been<br />

done to create the institutional and<br />

human resource capacities necessary<br />

to effectively plan and implement<br />

the civilian components of multidimensional<br />

peace operations.<br />

Each peacebuilding mission scrambles<br />

anew to design and organize the<br />

appropriate administrative structure,<br />

assess needs, recruit staff, match<br />

skills to tasks, mobilize resources and<br />

coordinate effectively.<br />

Differential capacities (and cultures)<br />

in the civilian peacebuilding, military,<br />

humanitarian, and developmental<br />

components of multidimensional<br />

peace operations also impede integrated<br />

planning and mission execution.<br />

Moreover, although the UN System<br />

has paid increasing rhetorical attention<br />

to the need for conflict assess-<br />

ment, early alert, strategic planning,<br />

and mission design, the civilian components<br />

of crisis management continue<br />

to be impeded by lack of shared<br />

strategic objectives, authoritative coordination<br />

mechanisms, effective human<br />

resource strategy and implementation,<br />

and adequate financing<br />

arrangements.<br />

These institutional and financial<br />

shortcomings are compounded by the<br />

18<br />

fact that within the UN system there<br />

is no locus for inter-governmental<br />

decision-making relating to postconflict<br />

peace-building.<br />

In the absence of such a mechanism,<br />

the Security Council has extended its<br />

writ, both in terms of duration of mandates<br />

and the range of economic and<br />

developmental issues tackled within<br />

multi-dimensional peace operations.<br />

While this has had the net effect of<br />

focusing greater attention on mission<br />

integration, it is nevertheless characterized<br />

by a Security Council that attempts<br />

to shape policy for UN agencies,<br />

funds and programs that do not<br />

report to it, and to provide guidance<br />

on political and economic development<br />

issues over which it has neither<br />

authority nor competence; and vests<br />

responsibility with SRSGs for coordinating<br />

UN actors over which they<br />

have no authority.<br />

The UN’s institutional mechanisms to<br />

support conflict prevention and good<br />

offices are even more constrained.<br />

The Department for Political Affairs is<br />

widely recognized to be inadequately<br />

staffed to provide effective strategic<br />

analysis for conflict prevention and<br />

political support for good offices.<br />

For their part, the inter-agency<br />

mechanisms formally tasked with developing<br />

conflict prevention strategy<br />

are neither appropriately staffed nor<br />

do they have the authority to ensure<br />

program coherence in the field.<br />

Moreover, they have limited policy<br />

impact even within the UN let alone<br />

among the wider set of bilateral and<br />

international actors whose engagement<br />

in a conflict prevention strategy<br />

would likely be required for success.<br />

It is important to note that the UN<br />

System does not suffer these shortcomings<br />

alone.<br />

The European Union is struggling to<br />

build its own rapid-deployment civilian<br />

capacity, with appropriate over-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

sight and financing, to provide more<br />

timely and effective peacebuilding<br />

assistance.<br />

A number of Member States are<br />

seeking either to ensure greater coordination<br />

among their own government<br />

agencies in situation monitoring, crisis<br />

analysis, intervention assessment,<br />

and program planning and implemen-<br />

tation, or to adjust their funding procedures<br />

to provide more flexibility in<br />

addressing the critical needs for early<br />

recovery and reconstruction.<br />

And, while there is considerable discussion<br />

of potential regional contributions<br />

to peacebuilding, especially in<br />

Africa, there is in fact no capacity in<br />

the regional and sub-regional organizations<br />

at present to respond in any<br />

effective way.


Considering the ad hoc and largely<br />

improvisational means by which the<br />

international community has undertaken<br />

conflict prevention and peacebuilding<br />

missions to date, and the<br />

debilitating lack of qualified personnel<br />

available for rapid deployment, the<br />

rate of success --however relative it is<br />

deemed to be -- is nothing short of<br />

remarkable.<br />

It is, however, also tenuous, with little<br />

in the way of assurance that the end<br />

result will be viable, effective and legitimate<br />

states able to govern on their<br />

own with the confidence of their people<br />

and the likelihood of sustainability.<br />

To be more certain of these outcomes,<br />

thereby establishing the basis<br />

for a secure exit on the part of international<br />

actors, it is critical that the<br />

UN System’s planning and implementation<br />

capacity for the civilian components<br />

of multidimensional peacebuilding<br />

be accorded the same attention<br />

as has been devoted to military and<br />

humanitarian capacity-building.<br />

Given the number of current and<br />

looming crises and their risks to international<br />

peace and security, both regionally<br />

and globally, there is a pressing<br />

need to reassess their policies<br />

and programs, as well as the institutional<br />

and financing mechanisms, that<br />

under-gird the civilian components of<br />

peace operations.<br />

(…) A substantial number of reform<br />

proposals for improving the UN System’s<br />

response capabilities in postconflict<br />

situations have followed from<br />

the initial promulgation of the Agenda<br />

for Peace (l992). These have been<br />

undertaken by the UN Secretariat<br />

and Specialized Agencies, UNDP,<br />

the World Bank, and by Member<br />

States.<br />

As a result, over the last decade, a<br />

number of internal reforms have been<br />

instituted, principally in the areas of<br />

military planning and backstopping<br />

and in improving standards of conduct,<br />

delivery and coordination in humanitarian<br />

relief. Further, through a<br />

process of self-examination and ex-<br />

perimentation, the UN also has<br />

achieved some incremental successes<br />

in the civilian management of<br />

more extensive peacebuilding operations.<br />

These include, inter alia, improvements:<br />

in integrated planning and oversight<br />

through the various Executive Com-<br />

mittees (ECPS / ECHA / UNDG); in<br />

management of field operations, as<br />

through the designations of Humanitarian/Resident<br />

Coordinators as Deputy<br />

SRSGs; in recruitment; in training;<br />

in learning and its application through<br />

DPKOs Best Practices Unit; and in<br />

recent coordination between the UN<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

and the World Bank on needs assessment<br />

and poverty reduction programs.<br />

There also have been further<br />

advances in Demobilization, Disarmament<br />

and Rehabilitation (DDR).<br />

As well as in demining, in harmonizing<br />

administrative and budget procedures,<br />

and -- to a degree -- in atten-<br />

tion to gender issues.<br />

Yet, as many case studies have now<br />

demonstrated, much remains to be<br />

done to ensure that the international<br />

system is better prepared to prevent,<br />

manage and resolve violent conflict<br />

and lay the basis for sustainable<br />

peace and development.<br />

19


E<br />

ast Timorese identity is<br />

complex. A multi-disciplinary<br />

approach is necessary to try<br />

to grasp it. History, geography,<br />

linguistics and religion are disciplines<br />

necessary to have a clearer<br />

definition. Languages are key markers<br />

of identity; this is also true in East<br />

Timor. To upgrade the national identity,<br />

education always comes out on<br />

top.<br />

Timor was a part of an Asian trading<br />

network long before the arrival of the<br />

Portuguese in 1515. The Dutch took<br />

the island‟s western part in 1653. Except<br />

for a short British period, the<br />

Netherlands occupied West Timor<br />

and like other Dutch-held territories, it<br />

became Indonesian at independence.<br />

East Timor was occupied by force by<br />

Japan (1942-45) and by Indonesia<br />

between 7 December 1975 and 22<br />

September 1999. The country has<br />

been independent since 20 May<br />

2002.<br />

Luiz Gonçalves and Jacinto José do<br />

Nascimento Moura, in a pioneering<br />

work have paved the way to define<br />

the different forms of Timorese laws<br />

encompassing the Timorese psychology.<br />

Each former Timorese kingdom<br />

had its own particularities based on<br />

ethnic characteristics.<br />

The Portuguese identity is not a problem.<br />

Portuguese is an official language,<br />

even if the youth in<br />

Dili prefer English or Bahasa Indonesia<br />

when they speak to outsiders. It is<br />

difficult to establish what might be<br />

Timor-Leste heritage from the ancient<br />

Indonesian culture and what may<br />

have been imported later from Java<br />

or other parts of Indonesia. However,<br />

the Makasai have some cultural and<br />

linguistic relationship with Sulawesi.<br />

It is sure that there is a strong will to<br />

be part of the East and not the West<br />

among the Atoni of Oecussi. However,<br />

more than in Los Palos, the<br />

Atoni who have their brothers on the<br />

other side of the border know that<br />

Bahasa Indonesia is an important<br />

language. Some families send their<br />

children to study in Kupang, hoping<br />

that they have a foot in the stirrup to<br />

join later an Indonesian university.<br />

There are also geographical differences<br />

between the mountains and<br />

the coast. The identity of the Makasai<br />

living near the Matebian, a sacred<br />

20<br />

Jean Berlie<br />

PhD. EHESS, France<br />

East Timorese<br />

Identity<br />

History<br />

Geography<br />

mountain, is strong. This is why during<br />

the 1959 period of events there<br />

was a strong anti-colonial resistance<br />

around Viqueque. This „geographical‟<br />

character may be more or less<br />

marked but is worth mentioning.<br />

The sociological or anthropological<br />

character is probably more preeminent.<br />

We will insist here on the linguistic<br />

characteristic of this identity,<br />

which is easier to define than a purely<br />

sociological study. This is also probably<br />

true because between 1975 and<br />

1999, despite the importance of the<br />

Bahasa Indonesia which became the<br />

language of education, the linguistic<br />

mosaic of Timor-Leste remained alive<br />

and colorful. However, many traditions<br />

disappeared, but the United Nations<br />

was rather surprised to find a<br />

country different to many others.<br />

Linguistics<br />

Southeast Asian Timorese culture is<br />

related to the Pacific Ocean, and<br />

Austronesian civilization and languages.<br />

Timorese culture is also<br />

deeply linked to Portuguese colonial<br />

history and linguistic influence, with<br />

approximately forty percent of the<br />

Tetum Prasa (from praça, “the city” in<br />

Portuguese) which is originally Portuguese.<br />

In the most part of the 20 th<br />

century, despite the importance of<br />

Tetum and Makasai, Mambai seemed<br />

to have more speakers. Tetum is the<br />

national language, so after 1975,<br />

partly thanks to Catholic Church, it<br />

became the main language of communication.<br />

This does not mean that the Dagada,<br />

or Fatalucu speakers, were really<br />

fluent in Tetum. Between 2000 and<br />

2002, many UNTAET staff could not<br />

understand why everybody in Los<br />

Palos was not familiar with what they<br />

thought evident. However, Tetum is<br />

currently the necessary language of<br />

communication.<br />

Portuguese is one of the main languages,<br />

if not the island‟s main literary<br />

language, and is also an official<br />

language (Constitution of the Democratic<br />

Republic of East Timor, Section<br />

13). This promotion of Tetum by the<br />

Portuguese was partly successful,<br />

but languages such as Mambai,<br />

Makasai and Meto have always had a<br />

significant number of speakers. The<br />

cultural and political Timorese elites<br />

are educated in Portuguese, and this<br />

is precisely why there currently is a<br />

great cultural gap between them and<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

the youth educated in Indonesian<br />

(Bahasa Indonesia). However,<br />

Tetum, the national language, has<br />

another advantage; it is the liturgical<br />

medium of the East Timorese Catholic<br />

Church (at present, thanks to Indonesia<br />

which obliged the Timorese to<br />

choose among five religions, more<br />

than ninety percent of the population<br />

is Catholic). But Timor, in fact, has<br />

many languages, meaning many<br />

chiefdoms and different customary<br />

laws. The Bible is completely translated<br />

into Meto, but not in Tetum. So<br />

for the State, as well for the Church,<br />

Portuguese and Tetum continue to be<br />

essential for the construction of the<br />

State. The main question is the people<br />

(Povo) speaking local languages<br />

and not the political elite who are<br />

generally fluent in Portuguese. To<br />

understand the island‟s complex customary<br />

system, it is necessary to<br />

classify its languages. Each ethnic<br />

group in Timor is called according to<br />

the language spoken, except groups<br />

such as the Atoni (meaning “man” in<br />

their own language) or Meto speakers<br />

in Oecussi and West Timor.<br />

There are more than fourteen languages<br />

and many dialects. In Atauro<br />

Island three dialects are currently<br />

spoken: Makili, Rahesuk (Adabe) and<br />

Makadede.<br />

Galole spoken in Manatuto is close to<br />

these dialects of this island called<br />

Pulau Kambing by the Indonesian. All<br />

these languages are Austronesian<br />

(formerly Malayo-Polynesian) except<br />

three non-Austronesian or Western<br />

Papuan languages: Bunak, Fataluco<br />

(including Lovaia in Tutuala) and<br />

Makasai (including Maklere). These<br />

Timorese languages are spoken in<br />

different districts as follows:


1. Tetum is spoken in Dili, Batugade<br />

(Batugadé), Suai (Tetum Terik), and<br />

Viqueque but also in Atambua, West<br />

Timor; 2. Mambai (Mambae) is used<br />

in Aileu (North dialect), (Samé) and<br />

Ainaro; 3. Fataluco, or Fataluku, is<br />

spoken in Lautem (Lautenu is one of<br />

the four dialects) and Los Palos<br />

(Lospala in Fataluco); 4. Meto<br />

(incorrectly called Vaikenu, Baikenu,<br />

or Dawan) in Oecussi; 5. Tokodede<br />

(Tokode or simply Tokod) in Liquica<br />

and Maubara; 6. Makasai (Makasae)<br />

in Baucau (Maklere is probably related);<br />

7. Galole (Galoli) in Manatuto;<br />

8. Bunak in Bobonaro; 9. Ema,<br />

Emak, or Kemak in Kailaku; 10.<br />

Idate (Idaté, Idalaka) in Laclubar; 11.<br />

Kairui in Aitalo (Kawaimina?); 12.<br />

Nauete (Nauoti) (Hull classifies it<br />

with Kawaimina); 13. Midik (Midiki)<br />

(Kawaimina?); 14. Naumik (part of<br />

Nauete for Hull or Lere?)<br />

East Timor and Indonesia are Southeast<br />

Asian nations, and following the<br />

ethics of the President Dr Ramos-<br />

Horta and the PM Xanana Gusmão it<br />

is time to look at a sincere reconciliation<br />

between the two nations. Reconciliation<br />

could not be achieved if<br />

the East Timor government does<br />

not recognize the positive actions<br />

of Indonesia in Dili. For example,<br />

the creation of a university for the first<br />

time in East Timor’s history in 1981 is<br />

remarkable. Negative aspects cannot<br />

be forgotten but are no longer significant<br />

in the current globalized economy<br />

of the twenty-first century.<br />

The industrialization of East Timor,<br />

without forgetting to mention the huge<br />

offshore investment to put the new<br />

country’s economy and politics on<br />

track, is not yet a reality. East Timor<br />

is currently an independent country,<br />

holding its independence ceremony<br />

on 20 May 2002. It is the result of<br />

hopes, needs, nostalgia, and, above<br />

all, the strong will of the Timorese<br />

people. With respect to international<br />

laws, the question of the total independence<br />

of East Timor has to be<br />

raised. For the majority of the<br />

Timorese, East Timor must be an<br />

independent country, and to achieve<br />

this aim, laws are necessary. Without<br />

speaking of Portuguese or Indonesian<br />

laws, the Timorese also<br />

have their own “laws.” To understand<br />

their culture and how they vote,<br />

it is necessary to consider the island’s<br />

cultural and linguistic complexity.<br />

Local culture is certainly linked to the<br />

geographic territory, an island, but it<br />

sometimes takes into account preexisting<br />

cultures and transforms them<br />

into nationalism. More precisely, for<br />

the German encyclopedist Johann<br />

Zedler (1740), quoted by Hobsbawm<br />

(1991), a nation in its original meaning<br />

includes a certain number of<br />

“citizens who share a series of cus-<br />

toms, habits, and laws”. Popular<br />

Timorese cultural identity related to<br />

ancient warring kingdoms, finally<br />

colonized, and traditional laws, part of<br />

Timorese nationalism, have always<br />

played and continue to play a significant<br />

role on the island. The crucial<br />

role of customary laws lisan in<br />

Tetum (adat in Indonesian and Malay)<br />

in Timorese society shows the<br />

importance of “local beliefs and<br />

practices.”<br />

Religion and beliefs<br />

It is necessary to say that the present<br />

Catholic identity of the East Timorese<br />

is a relatively recent social phenomenon.<br />

Only thirty percent of them were<br />

converted before 1975. According to<br />

the President Dr José Ramos-Horta,<br />

the Portuguese gave the Bible to the<br />

Timorese, but in exchange took their<br />

land. In 2010, the Catholic identity of<br />

a majority of the East Timorese cannot<br />

be denied. The ethics of philosophy<br />

and religion is taught in public<br />

schools and it is not possible to find<br />

another way to teach moral principles.<br />

There is no Teachers College or<br />

university specialized in training professors<br />

and educators. I will not develop<br />

the question of Islamic faith, but<br />

it cannot be ignored concerning the<br />

identity of a minority of the East<br />

Timorese. Another point is the primary<br />

civilization of the Timorese<br />

which is worthy of our comprehension.<br />

All the great inventions of humanity<br />

were there before the arrival<br />

of the Dominican priests in Lifau.<br />

This study, we hope, may help the<br />

people of East Timor in incorporating<br />

harmoniously the culture given by<br />

their ancestors. Ancestors are the<br />

basis of the local beliefs in Timor but<br />

also the basis of local power, alliance,<br />

and justice. For the Bunak, the<br />

parents of the “ancestors” are twins<br />

whose mythical sons are the five ancestors.<br />

Political power and status<br />

is based not on landownership but<br />

on the patrimony of noble families.<br />

Things are changing in the country,<br />

as it becomes part of a more global<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

world. This partly explains the legal<br />

question of who owns the land. Formerly<br />

in Timor private possession<br />

was virtually impossible. This also<br />

shapes the identity. However, in a<br />

time of globalization, the development<br />

of languages and education are<br />

becoming sine qua non conditions of<br />

harmonization.<br />

Languages and education<br />

East Timorese students do not succeed<br />

everywhere in tertiary education.<br />

Some have success in Indonesian<br />

universities and few of them in<br />

Australia and Portugal, but nowhere<br />

is their ability to speak many languages<br />

praised, as in Cuba. Languages<br />

and education go hand in<br />

hand. All languages are useful, but it<br />

is necessary to find which language<br />

is important. Mother tongue is fundamental,<br />

and in particular the national<br />

language, Tetum. However, the history<br />

of languages in neighboring<br />

Southeast Asian countries, for example<br />

the Philippines, shows that constructing<br />

a national language (Tagalog<br />

or Filipino) takes many decades.<br />

The Commission on the Filipino Language<br />

is an essential body regulating<br />

the national language. This long process<br />

to regulate and supervise the<br />

national language is also true for<br />

Tetum. We stress the importance, as<br />

an educational tool, of Portuguese or<br />

another language, in the teaching of<br />

mathematics in East Timor - a topic<br />

where the local students are not<br />

among the best of Asia. So, for other<br />

disciplines also, the future of the<br />

identity of new generations of East<br />

Timorese will be shaped in the right<br />

direction for the common interest of<br />

the nation and the youth.<br />

How to conclude?<br />

Every Timorese has his own identity.<br />

Could we say there is a unique “East<br />

Timorese identity” or that are there<br />

many identities in Timor Leste? A<br />

survivor of the “black period”, between<br />

1942 and 1945, will certainly<br />

claim some differences to define his/<br />

her identity compared to a younger<br />

grand-son or a grand-daughter who is<br />

certainly much more modern. There<br />

are in fact different approaches to the<br />

Timorese identity according to generations.<br />

However, being independent<br />

was a common goal since the<br />

1960s and this continues to influence<br />

the Timorese identity. After 1975, this<br />

idea of independence became the<br />

common national identity which successfully<br />

mobilized all the East<br />

Timorese. A new practical and constructive<br />

national identity, elaborated<br />

by the people of Timor-Leste themselves,<br />

will help the country to succeed<br />

in a global and complex 21 st<br />

century world.<br />

21


M<br />

r. President, ladies and<br />

gentlemen, I will start by<br />

remarks in English, and<br />

then I will switch to Portuguese,<br />

and then back to English.<br />

I would be able to address you in five<br />

of the European languages, but I will<br />

not do that because I will get confused<br />

myself, so I will stick to two:<br />

English and Portuguese.<br />

I am grateful for the privilege to address<br />

this august institution, the embodiment<br />

of Europe’s rich cultural<br />

diversity and its democratic political<br />

culture and institutions. My admiration<br />

for Europe and for the institutions<br />

you have created, for the road you<br />

have walked from disunity, rivalries<br />

and wars to unity, partnership and<br />

peace, democracy, inclusion and<br />

prosperity, as well as for your deep<br />

belief in solidarity among peoples, led<br />

me as a Nobel Peace Prize Laureate<br />

in 2008 to nominate the European<br />

Union and the European Commission<br />

for the Nobel Peace Prize.<br />

At one end of the globe, there is the<br />

overwhelming influence and shadow<br />

of the only surviving superpower. At<br />

the other end, there is Asia with the<br />

shadow of two emerging Asian giants<br />

looming over the rest of the region. In<br />

between, there can be the European<br />

bridge – a bridge that could connect<br />

all in a new partnership for peace and<br />

prosperity.<br />

This Europe of inclusion extends from<br />

the beautiful Atlantic coast that<br />

bathes Portugal to the edges of the<br />

old continent where Asia begins. As I<br />

speak here, I am particularly grateful<br />

to this august institution, to many of<br />

its esteemed Members, to the European<br />

Commission and in particular to<br />

its President, our friend José Manuel<br />

Durão Barroso, who has stood behind<br />

us for over three decades in our<br />

long quest for freedom. As a young<br />

politician and diplomat, first as Secretary<br />

of State, then as Foreign Minister<br />

and later as Prime Minister of Portugal,<br />

he was a wise and passionate<br />

advocate for Timor-Leste, as he was<br />

also for Africa, Asia and Latin America.But<br />

I would fail in my duty if I were<br />

not to thank the many other Members<br />

of the European Parliament, some of<br />

whom are no longer here because of<br />

the irreversible ageing process from<br />

which none of us can escape.<br />

22<br />

Dr.J.Ramos-Horta<br />

Presidente da República<br />

Address to the European Parliament<br />

Brussels, 6 th October 2010<br />

What we found in this institution from<br />

all spectrums, from left and from<br />

right, was that you gave us a forum<br />

when nowhere else gave us a voice<br />

to speak.<br />

It was, for instance, the Portuguese<br />

Members of the European Parliament<br />

from all parties who, in the 1990s,<br />

gave a portion of their own salaries to<br />

the person who is today our Foreign<br />

Minister, Dr. Zacarias da Costa. He<br />

was here for five years as a representative<br />

of the Timorese resistance,<br />

and it was the Portuguese Members<br />

of the European Parliament from left<br />

and right who every month would<br />

give us some financial assistance to<br />

keep an office going here in Brussels.<br />

It was also this institution that gave<br />

us for the first time anywhere in the<br />

world a pass, an identity card, representing<br />

Timor-Leste in Parliament to<br />

advocate the cause of Timor-Leste.<br />

So, in coming back here, I come with<br />

an immense sense of gratitude to all<br />

of you.<br />

Allow me to turn now to Portuguese,<br />

and I will address the issue of the<br />

Millennium Development Goals, how<br />

we are doing in my country, and what<br />

we expect the international community<br />

to do to assist us and others.<br />

Timor-Leste não era um país independente<br />

em 2000 e só na apresentação<br />

do nosso primeiro relatório<br />

sobre os ODM em 2004 é que estabelecemos<br />

as primeiras metas a<br />

atingir.<br />

Durante os últimos três anos, Timor-<br />

Leste tem vivido uma verdadeira paz,<br />

que possibilitou um crescimento<br />

económico robusto de mais de 12% /<br />

ano, a redução dos níveis de pobreza<br />

em 9% durante os últimos dois anos,<br />

a queda da mortalidade infantil e das<br />

crianças com menos de 5 anos de<br />

idade, atingindo já as metas estabelecidas<br />

para o ano 2015, a inscrição<br />

nas escolas aumentou de 65% em<br />

2007 para 83% em 2009-2010, e o<br />

analfabetismo dos adultos tem sido<br />

gradualmente eliminado graças a um<br />

programa conjunto entre Timor Leste<br />

e Cuba.<br />

Antecipamos, a erradicação do analfabetismo<br />

em Timor-Leste dentro de<br />

dois a três anos. Por volta de 30% do<br />

Orçamento Geral do Estado está a<br />

ser afectado à Saúde Pública e à<br />

Educação.<br />

Esta reviravolta foi possível graças a<br />

um determinado financiamento público<br />

de programas sociais como o da<br />

transferência directa em dinheiro para<br />

idosos, viúvas, deficientes e veteranos,<br />

bem como aos esforços para<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

a expansão das áreas de cultivo e incremento<br />

da produção de bens<br />

alimentares. Estamos a finalizar o<br />

roadmap do nosso Plano de Desenvolvimento<br />

Estratégico 2010-2030,<br />

que possibilitará libertar o nosso povo<br />

de séculos de pobreza e elevar o<br />

seu nível de vida para o da classe<br />

média-alta em 2030.<br />

Relativamente à gestão dos nossos<br />

recursos petrolíferos, é uma satisfação<br />

poder notar que a Iniciativa de<br />

Transparência nas Indústrias Extractivas,<br />

ou seja, Extractive Industries<br />

Transparency Initiative (EITI), classificou<br />

Timor-Leste, no seu relatório de<br />

1 de Julho de 2010, como o primeiro<br />

país na Ásia e terceiro no mundo no<br />

que diz respeito à solidez, transparência<br />

e efectividade na gestão dos<br />

lucros provenientes do gás e do<br />

petróleo.<br />

Cerca de 30% dos deputados no<br />

nosso Parlamento Nacional são<br />

mulheres. No executivo, ministérioschave<br />

como Finanças, Justiça e<br />

Solidariedade Social, a Procuradoria-<br />

Geral da República, etc., são liderados<br />

por mulheres. Temos um Parlamento<br />

da Juventude com 130 membros,<br />

acabado de ser eleito em todo<br />

o país.<br />

Os jovens eleitos para esse<br />

Parlamento da Juventude têm idades<br />

compreendidas entre 12 e 17 anos.<br />

Foi sempre nosso desejo que houvesse<br />

equilíbrio do género no Parlamento<br />

da Juventude.<br />

No entanto, a nossa expectativa foi<br />

ultrapassada. O parlamento jovem é<br />

constituído por 68 jovens deputadas<br />

do sexo feminino e 62 rapazes<br />

deputados.<br />

Timor-Leste tem o orgulho de ter<br />

adoptado uma das constituições mais<br />

humanistas do mundo, onde a pena<br />

de morte é proibida, sendo a<br />

sentença de prisão máxima de 25<br />

anos, e não temos prisão perpétua.


Ratificámos todos os principais tratados<br />

internacionais de direitos humanos.<br />

Já apresentámos dois relatórios<br />

dos tratados às instituições relevantes<br />

e continuaremos a investir esforços<br />

no sentido de reforçar ainda mais<br />

o respeito pelos direitos humanos,<br />

pela liberdade e pela dignidade para<br />

todos.<br />

A nossa Constituição reconhece o<br />

primado do direito internacional sobre<br />

as leis nacionais, isto é, todas as<br />

nossas leis devem conformar-se com<br />

o direito internacional. E agora, com<br />

permissão, mudo para inglês.<br />

I will now address the issue of climate<br />

change – obviously very superficially<br />

because of the time constraints here.<br />

While it is a fact that the rich and<br />

powerful contributed most to the deteriorating<br />

world environment, we<br />

acknowledge that the advance of science,<br />

technology and industries in<br />

the last 200 years has brought enormous<br />

benefits to all, even if those<br />

benefits have been distributed in an<br />

unequal manner.<br />

But we in the developing world<br />

should not put all the blame on the<br />

rich and powerful for the harm done<br />

to the planet. We must acknowledge<br />

our share of responsibility in the destruction<br />

of our forests, lakes, rivers<br />

and seas. Asia has no less responsibility<br />

than the US and Europe to reverse<br />

the climate calamity. We are<br />

almost half of the planet’s inhabitants.<br />

This alone means that we put enormous<br />

pressure on the land, minerals,<br />

forests and water. To modernise our<br />

economies and improve the lives of<br />

hundreds of millions of the poor in<br />

Asia, we are using increasingly more<br />

energy extracted from planet Earth.<br />

Many of the emerging powers of Asia<br />

are also now crossing oceans,<br />

searching for energy elsewhere – in<br />

Africa and Latin America.<br />

Therefore Timor-Leste – working together<br />

with the Maldives, two of the<br />

smallest countries in Asia – calls for<br />

an Asian common agenda on sustainable<br />

development anchored on<br />

environmental protection and recovery,<br />

on land and water management,<br />

health and education for all, and on<br />

the elimination of poverty and illiteracy.<br />

I have an appeal to the rich and the<br />

powerful. The rich and the powerful<br />

should ask themselves whether they<br />

have delivered on the pledges made<br />

in front of TV cameras and whether<br />

past policies have been effective in<br />

addressing under-development and<br />

extreme poverty.<br />

All too often, leaders of the developing<br />

countries are blamed for the lack<br />

of improvements in the lives of our<br />

people, in spite of the generous development<br />

assistance we supposedly<br />

have received from the rich.<br />

But donors should also make an honest<br />

and critical analysis of the poli-<br />

cies. We know there is a genuine<br />

sentiment of solidarity from men and<br />

women in the streets – in the US,<br />

Europe and Japan – towards their<br />

fellow human beings in poorer regions<br />

of the world, but donors must<br />

also streamline the lengthy, onerous,<br />

superfluous, wasteful, redundant and<br />

bureaucratic paperwork that drowns<br />

and discourages anyone in our countries.<br />

(Applause)<br />

Donors must invest more of every<br />

dollar they pledge in rural development,<br />

agriculture, food security, water<br />

and sanitation, roads, health and<br />

education. To strengthen national<br />

institutions and the democratically<br />

elected leaders, donors must provide<br />

more direct sector budget support to<br />

enable them to deliver services and<br />

development to the people.<br />

It is disheartening that only a handful<br />

of rich countries have met the target<br />

of 0.7% of gross national product for<br />

development assistance. At the same<br />

time, generous pledges made in the<br />

spotlight of international conferences<br />

– side by side with movie stars and<br />

rock singers – are largely forgotten<br />

the moment the Hollywood curtains<br />

fall and the floodlights are turned off.<br />

It is even more disheartening to see<br />

how quickly tens of billions of dollars<br />

are easily found to rescue failed<br />

banks, insurance companies, fraudulent<br />

real estate agencies and obsolete<br />

auto industries, and how tens of<br />

millions of dollars in bonuses are paid<br />

to incompetents and crooks responsible<br />

for the financial debacle – and yet<br />

decades of appeals to the rich to increase<br />

foreign development assistance<br />

have been met with much resistance.<br />

We believe that one wise and fair<br />

way to assist countries suffering from<br />

the consequences of the financial<br />

meltdown is to write off the debt owed<br />

by the LDCs and Small Island Developing<br />

States and to restructure the<br />

debt of the debtor countries that are<br />

facing enormous internal and external<br />

challenges – such as instability, climate<br />

change and extremism – in<br />

many parts of the world, particularly<br />

in South Asia and the region of the<br />

Great Lakes of Africa.<br />

Timor Leste is privileged in that we<br />

do not have a single cent in foreign<br />

debt, so our appeal to you is not motivated<br />

by self-interest. Actually if you<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Internasional<br />

open the economies yearbook of<br />

2010 – the pocketbook version – you<br />

will find some interesting data there.<br />

Timor-Leste today has the highest<br />

surplus in the world as a percentage<br />

of its GDP and not a single cent in<br />

foreign debt. Nevertheless, we feel in<br />

solidarity with those countries that for<br />

decades have incurred debt which<br />

they are today unable to pay and<br />

which entraps hundreds of millions of<br />

people in the world. If it has been<br />

possible to mobilise billions of dollars<br />

almost overnight to rescue failed<br />

banks and insurance companies,<br />

then there must also be the moral<br />

obligation and political wisdom to find<br />

the much smaller amount to meet the<br />

obligations of the developed countries<br />

towards the poor in the third<br />

world, to ratify some of the imbalances<br />

that are pervasive in the world<br />

today.<br />

As I speak here today with a deep<br />

sense of gratitude to you – to the<br />

European Parliament, to European<br />

leaders and to all our development<br />

partners – I wish with humility also to<br />

acknowledge our own failings and our<br />

limitations. We in Timor-Leste, and in<br />

much of the developing world, should<br />

not reverse roles by lecturing the<br />

West – in retribution for the West<br />

having lectured us for decades – but<br />

should also look at ourselves in the<br />

mirror and answer our own questions<br />

from our conscience. What have we<br />

ourselves done to lift the hundreds of<br />

millions of our people from extreme<br />

poverty? We can do that. We can all<br />

do better, in Timor-Leste and elsewhere.<br />

We have made tremendous progress<br />

in the last three years. Our country<br />

has only been independent for eight<br />

years. I have shared some of the figures<br />

with you, but there are many<br />

other areas of achievement that are<br />

not quantifiable. They are not measurable,<br />

but they are equally important.<br />

We have been able to heal the<br />

wounds of our society, reconcile<br />

separate communities and heal the<br />

wounds between us and Indonesia<br />

with which we share a tragic history<br />

of 24 years. Today Timor-Leste and<br />

Indonesia enjoy the best possible<br />

relationship of any two neighbours.<br />

We have been able to build bridges<br />

with the entire region. We have established<br />

diplomatic relations with<br />

more than 100 countries. These are<br />

non-quantifiable, non-measurable<br />

achievements. Our people, in spite of<br />

the profound wounds of 24 years of<br />

occupation, do not harbour resentment<br />

towards anyone.<br />

These are our beliefs and our convictions.<br />

We are determined to live up to<br />

the expectations of our people and<br />

lead them towards a peaceful and<br />

prosperous future.<br />

May God, the Almighty and the merciful,<br />

bless us all.<br />

23


T<br />

imor-Leste, o novíssimo Estado<br />

do 3º Milénio é uma Nação<br />

antiga, entidade moral<br />

constituída por um conjunto<br />

de pessoas que se sentem unidas<br />

pela origem, ideais, aspirações e<br />

interesses comuns geradores da<br />

consciência nacional de Timor Leste.<br />

Naturalmente que o epíteto que lhe é<br />

apenso de Estado pós-conflito sugere<br />

de imediato a ideia de que Timor-<br />

Leste é, em resultado de experimentado<br />

e longo conflito, um Estado<br />

cuja sociedade se encontra em<br />

transformação e, em simultâneo, em<br />

necessária construção e reconstrução.<br />

Mas, nem por isso, daí transcorre<br />

a ideia de que a identidade<br />

nacional timorense apenas despontou<br />

com a independência do país.<br />

Em boa verdade se deve considerar<br />

que essa identidade operou como<br />

mola impulsionadora da luta dos<br />

timorenses e contribuiu definitivamente<br />

para o alcance da independência<br />

conseguida pela lúcida e<br />

racional utilização do sentimento de<br />

pertença comum da terra Timor e de<br />

irmandade entre todos os timorenses,<br />

numa manifestação positiva e<br />

coerente do nacionalismo timorense.<br />

São factores determinantes e necessários<br />

para a existência da Nação a<br />

história e a tradição, um passado comum,<br />

uma cultura própria, costumes<br />

e tradições ancestrais, a língua e a<br />

religião; a identidade nacional constrói-se,<br />

aprofunda-se e desenvolvese<br />

ajustando-se à forma como o Estado<br />

nos percebe enquanto cidadãos,<br />

de como o Estado nos transmite a<br />

ideia de que todos fazemos parte do<br />

Estado, todos somos parte da Nação;<br />

urge do Estado a declaração de<br />

vontade de fazer de todos os<br />

timorenses cidadãos e filhos dilectos<br />

da sua terra, estimulando o sentimento<br />

de pertença ao país, em<br />

cumprimento claro e inequívoco da<br />

Constituição da República no que<br />

respeita ao preceituado sobre a<br />

igualdade entre as pessoas e a igualdade<br />

entre estas e o Estado.<br />

Por outro lado, para além da vertente<br />

interna da afirmação da identidade<br />

nacional, é fundamental que Timor-<br />

Leste se afirme internacionalmente<br />

como Estado soberano difundindo a<br />

sua cultura, os seus costumes, a sua<br />

História, as suas tradições.<br />

Contribuímos para a construção e<br />

afirmação da Identidade Nacional<br />

através da nossa participação na<br />

reafirmação da Nação, pelas nossas<br />

decisões, pela forma como moldamos<br />

a sociedade, como educamos,<br />

24<br />

Natália Carrascalão<br />

Embaixadora em Portugal<br />

A Afirmação da Identidade Timorense<br />

Contribuições<br />

como fazemos cultura, como nos<br />

unimos, como nos manifestamos,<br />

com, rezamos e nos damos a conhecer,<br />

como respeitamos as nossas<br />

crenças, os valores, as minorias, as<br />

diversidades culturais e linguísticas<br />

e, finalmente, como nos comunicamos!<br />

Tendo em atenção o contexto<br />

sociocultural e linguístico a que não é<br />

alheia a situação geográfica de Timor<br />

-Leste, não será de somenos<br />

importância referir a importância da<br />

língua como símbolo identitário nacional<br />

por excelência, devendo, por<br />

isso mesmo, realçar a escolha lúcida<br />

pelos deputados à Assembleia Constituinte<br />

do tétum e do português<br />

como línguas nacional e oficial de<br />

Timor-Leste! Em conclusão, Timor-<br />

Leste é diferente, tem direito a um<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Diplomasia<br />

lugar próprio no Mundo porque,<br />

mercê da sua identidade nacional, se<br />

diferencia dos demais países. A<br />

essência do Estado-Nação Timor-<br />

Leste reside em nós próprios: é aquilo<br />

que nós somos, que valorizamos,<br />

sentimos, experimentamos e construímos,<br />

do que apreendemos pela<br />

educação.<br />

A nossa especificidade cultural e a<br />

nossa realidade histórica traçaram o<br />

nosso destino comum. Somos uma<br />

Nação multicultural, multi-linguística,<br />

enaltecemos os nossos costumes e<br />

as nossas tradições, respeitamos os<br />

nossos símbolos, os nossos anciãos,<br />

criamos a nossa literatura, a nossa<br />

música, difundimos a nossa terra,<br />

idealizamos - à nossa maneira - o<br />

nosso futuro enquanto Estado independente<br />

e soberano, pugnamos<br />

pela defesa e segurança do Estado<br />

soberano de Timor-Leste, interiorizamos<br />

o duplo valor da Religião Católica<br />

e do animismo e neles coabitamos<br />

pacificamente; soubemos reverter<br />

a nosso favor alguns aspectos<br />

herdados de séculos de ocupação<br />

estrangeira. Pertencemos a um lugar,<br />

comungamos orgulhosamente do<br />

sentimento de pertença à terra timorense,<br />

somos timorenses: Somos o<br />

elemento e a essência, somos a<br />

alma de Timor-Leste, de Timor-Leste<br />

nos imbuímos e daqui afirmamos e<br />

construímos a identidade nacional<br />

timorense.


Nelson Santos<br />

Embaixador ba UE<br />

U<br />

niaun Europeia (UE) hari<br />

nudar konsequencia Segunda<br />

Guerra munidal nebe<br />

baseia ba prinsipiu parseria<br />

social, enkonomika no politika<br />

hodi bele promove dame, demokrasia<br />

no prosperidade iha Europa. Parseria<br />

estadu membru hahu iha 1951, ho<br />

membru fundador nem.<br />

Ohin, sekulu 21, UE iha membru 27<br />

inkluindo Portugal, nebe representa<br />

poder ekonomikuu no politiku bot<br />

tebes iha mundo.<br />

Tan ne’e UE, iha papel importante<br />

tebes iha political internasional, liu liu<br />

ba area governansaun diak, seguransa,<br />

desenvolvimento ho hari dame.<br />

UE hanesan bloku politiku no<br />

ekonomiku hahu nia apoiu ba Timor-<br />

Leste desde 1999.<br />

Husi tempu transisaun 1999-2002 fo<br />

apoiu bot ba estabelizasaun, rekonstrusaun,<br />

dialogo, luta hatun kiak no<br />

mos fo apoiu humanitariu liu ba<br />

refugiados sira fila mai fali Timor-<br />

Leste. Para alem de, UE mos fo<br />

apoiu politiku makas iha forum multilateral<br />

seluk, liu-liu atraves de nia<br />

membru sira iha Konselho de Seguranca<br />

ho orgaun seluk importante<br />

Nacoes Unidas nian.<br />

Ohin loron, UE kontinua fo apoiu no<br />

kooperar makas nafatin ho Timor-<br />

Leste. Para alem de apoiu politiku,<br />

UE representa 5 dos maiores parseiros<br />

de desenvolvimento iha Timor-<br />

Leste. UE nia prioridade nebe servisu<br />

besik ho governu maka hanesan<br />

sektor: sekuransa alimentar, demokrasai,<br />

governasaun no kapasitasaun,<br />

desenvolvimento rural no sektor<br />

saude.<br />

Iha 2005, Timor-Leste nia Parlamentu<br />

Nasional ratifika Akordu Cotonou.<br />

Akordu ida neh, reforsa liu tan<br />

kooperasaun Timor-Leste ho UE. Liu<br />

husi akordu ne’e, Timor-Leste mos<br />

tama iha grupo ACP (Afrika, Karaibas<br />

no Pasifiku) nebe iha membru 78 ke<br />

bele hetan benefisiu husi fundu<br />

Europeu no mos bele hetan acesso<br />

favoravel ba produtu hotu excepto<br />

armamentus tama ba merkadu Europa.<br />

Akurdu Cotonou hanesan akordu<br />

parseria ACP-UE ho durasaun husi<br />

2000-2020. Akordu neh define parseria<br />

kompletu nebe baseia ba ai-rin/<br />

pilar nebe kaer ba malu: kooperasaun<br />

ba desenvolvimentu, kooperasaun<br />

ekonomika ho komersiu no promosaun<br />

iha area politika nebe efekti-<br />

Relasaun Timor-Leste ho Uniao Europeia<br />

vu liu. Atu hatudo importansia no reforsa<br />

nafatin relasuan UE ho Timor-<br />

Leste maka ita hari kedas ita nia<br />

Embaixada hamutuk ho UE desde<br />

hahu ita nia restauransaun independensia,<br />

Maio 2002.<br />

Ohin loron, Embaixada/Missao Timor<br />

-Leste kontinua servisu makas atu<br />

hametin nafatin relasaun diak entre<br />

UE ho Timor-Leste.<br />

UE mos atu hametin liu tan relasaun,<br />

hari nia delegasaun permanente iha<br />

Timor-Leste.<br />

Iha 2007 atraves de assinatura MoU,<br />

governo Timor-Leste fo “Casa Europa”<br />

ba Komisaun Europeia.<br />

Iha 2008, EU ho TL assina addenda<br />

dokumen-to estratejiku ba pais no<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Diplomasia<br />

programa indikativu (2008-2013)<br />

nebe aumenta tan apoiu Euro 18<br />

miliaun.<br />

Hanesan, futuro Embaixador Timor-<br />

Leste ba UE, hau nia prioridade bot<br />

maka atu hametin nafatin amizade no<br />

valores nebe existe iha entre TL ho<br />

UE, liu-liu halo buat hotu para TL<br />

naran bele diak nafatin entre estadus<br />

membrus.<br />

Katak ita bele nasaun kik, kiak no<br />

estratejikamente dok husi poltika<br />

internasional mai be ita mos iha fatin<br />

iha politika internasional. Timor-Leste<br />

labele sente isolado husi rai seluk.<br />

Prioridade ita tan maka kuda nafatin<br />

amizade diak ho estadu membrus<br />

hanesan Portugal, Irlanda, nebe desde<br />

uluk tempu resistensia sempre hatudu<br />

sira nia preokupasaun, solidadiredade<br />

no fo apoiu ba ita.<br />

Atraves de amigos sira, ita tende servisu<br />

makas atu bele hametin nafatin<br />

ita nia interesse iha orgaun 3 importante<br />

hanesan Parlamentu Europeu,<br />

Komisaun no Koselhu Europeu.<br />

Timor-Leste hanesan rai kik tende<br />

aproveita fatin hanesan UE atu bele<br />

nafatin avansa nia interesse nacional.<br />

Atu bele kuda iha estadu membros<br />

no mos ho amigo sira, consolidasasaun<br />

ita nia independensia no halo<br />

Timor-Leste nia presensa diak iha<br />

UE.<br />

Ikus liu, Timor-Leste ho UE (membros),<br />

apesar de geograficamente<br />

dok malu, ita iha valores fundamentais<br />

nebe hanesan no proteje iha<br />

Constituicao.<br />

Valores sira ne maka ita nia fiar metin<br />

ba democracia, direitos humanos,<br />

justica, dame no prosperidade iha<br />

mundo tomak.<br />

25


R<br />

elasaun entre Timor-Leste<br />

ho Australia hahu kedas iha<br />

bei ala sira nia tempo nebe<br />

ema husi Timor no rai kiik<br />

sira haleu Timor hanessan Makassar<br />

halu contrato no ligasaun amizade ho<br />

ema rain na’in Aborigene iha rai<br />

Australia. Ligasaun iha tempo ikus<br />

maka iha funo Mundial 2 iha 1942<br />

nebe tropa Australia halo funo hasoru<br />

tropa Japones Iha Timor-Leste. Fotografia<br />

iha sorin hatudo katuas na’in<br />

rua Senhor Paddy Kenneally ho Senhor<br />

Rufino Correia halu belun no<br />

hametin sira nia amizade iha funo<br />

laran. Iha funo Mundial 2 ne’e Tropa<br />

Australia ema 500 nune maka halo<br />

funo hasoru tropa Japones besik<br />

20.000. Tropa Australia la dun lakon<br />

ema. Timor oan lakun ema 40.000<br />

resin, retaliasaun husi tropa Japones<br />

tan ba deit fo tulun ba belun Australiano<br />

sira.<br />

Povo Australia la haluha sacrificio<br />

nebe Timor oan halo ba Australia<br />

maibe iha 1975 historia lau oin seluk.<br />

Sentimento povo nia la sura bain hira<br />

governo halo decisaun geo-politica<br />

tuir politica mundial iha tempo neba<br />

(guerra fria) funo malirin. Iha 1999,<br />

ONU halo referendum, povo Timor-<br />

Leste hili independencia. Milicia tuir<br />

kedas ho violencia o’ho ema no halo<br />

destruisaun ba infra-estruturas. Povo<br />

Australia rihun ba rihun sai ba<br />

estrada hanessan mos povo husi rai<br />

barak hanessan Portugal halu manifestasaun<br />

huso intervensaun militar<br />

hodi atu hapara violencia. Resultado,<br />

INTERFET lidera husi Australia tama<br />

iha Timor-Leste hodi hapara violencia<br />

hametin paz no seguransa. Relasaun<br />

entre Timor-Leste ho Austalia ohin<br />

26<br />

Abel Guterres<br />

Embaixador ba Australia<br />

Relasaun Timor-Leste ho Australia<br />

loron lau diak tetebes. Iha coperasaun<br />

Seguransa, Economico no Socio<br />

Cultural. Iha Maio 2002 hafoin<br />

restaurasaun ba Independencia Timor-Leste<br />

oficialmente estabelece<br />

relações diplomáticas ho Australia.<br />

Iha 2003 Timor-Leste loke Embaixada<br />

iha Canberra no Consulado Geral<br />

iha Sydney. Comunidade Timor<br />

oan hela iha Australia besik 20.000,<br />

barak liu hela iha cidades Melbourne<br />

no Sydney. Copersaun económico<br />

boot liu maka Timor-Leste ho Australia<br />

fahe receitas husi explorasaun<br />

mina no gas iha tasi Timor JPDA tuir<br />

tratado bolu Timor Sea Treaty. Horas<br />

ne’e daudaun Timor-Leste simu ona<br />

receitas husi Bayu Undan nebe pipe<br />

line ba iha Darwin. Explorasaun gas<br />

husi Greater Sunrise Timor-Leste<br />

hakarak pipeline ba iha Timor-Leste.<br />

Negociasaun lau hela atu hetan<br />

acordo ba assunto ne’e. Timor-Leste<br />

além de halo coperasaun ho Governo<br />

Federal husi agencia ajuda ba desenvolvimento<br />

AusAid, TL halo mos<br />

coperasaun ho Estados sira hanessan<br />

Victoria, South Australia, New<br />

South Wales, Western Australia, Tasmania,<br />

Queensland, Australian Capi-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Diplomasia<br />

tal Territory no Northern Territory.<br />

Timor-Leste halo mos relasaun amizade<br />

ho Governos Locais nebe bolu<br />

Friendship Cities. Autarquias no<br />

comunidades 50 resin iha Australia<br />

maka halo ona ligasaun amizade ho<br />

Distrito 13 iha Timor-Leste. Relasaun<br />

amizade ne’e Distrito sira simu tulun<br />

buat barak incluindo halibur iha conferencia<br />

ida Iha 2008 iha Dili no<br />

Workshop iha Maubisse iha tinan ida<br />

ne’e 2010. S.E. Presidente da Republica<br />

ba kua lian iha halibur rua<br />

ne’e. Relasaun amizade entre escolas,<br />

bolu Friendship Schools. Escolas<br />

100 resin iha Australia laran maka<br />

halo amizade ho escolas sira iha<br />

Timor laran nebe estudantes sira<br />

hakerek surat ba malu no mos fo tulun<br />

ruma, fotografia iha okos hatudo.<br />

Organizações barak husi ONGs Igrejas,<br />

Sindicatos, Rotarios, Leões, ema<br />

individual no instituições educasaun,<br />

saude no seluk tan fo tulun mos.<br />

Consolidasaun iha Seguransa no<br />

Paz, Democracia no Prosperidade<br />

Económica sei fo esperansa no futuro<br />

nabilan ba povo Timor-Leste.<br />

Husi Australia, TL sei simu turista<br />

barak no investimento.


N<br />

icolau dos Reis Lobato<br />

moris-mai loron-24, fulan-<br />

Maiu, tinan-1946, iha<br />

Sasatan-Oan, Aitara-Hun,<br />

Soibada, Postu Laklubar, Distritu<br />

Manatuto. Ninia aman maka Narciso<br />

Manuel Lobato, hosi Leorema, Postu<br />

Bazartete, Distritu Liquisá, no inan<br />

maka Felismina Alves Lobato, hosi<br />

Malurukumu / Makadike, Postu<br />

Uatolari, Distritu Vikeke. Ninia abómane<br />

hosi inan maka Domingos da<br />

Costa Alves, hosi Samoro, Soibada,<br />

uluk katekista iha Uatolari no tan ne’e<br />

maka ninia inan moris-mai iha<br />

Malurukumu / Makadike.<br />

Ninia aman no inan hetan oan sanulu<br />

-resin-tolu: 1º Nicolau dos Reis<br />

Lobato nu’udar oan-boot, no, tatuir,<br />

2º António Bosco Lobato, 3º Rogério<br />

Tiago de Fátima Lobato, 4º Maria<br />

Cesaltina Francisca Alves Lobato, 5º<br />

Januário do Carmo Alves Lobato, 6º<br />

Domingos Cassiano Maria da Silva<br />

Lobato, 7º Luis Francisco de<br />

Assunção Alves Lobato, 8º Silvestre<br />

Lobato, 9º Madalena de Canossa<br />

Alves Lobato, 10º Elga Maria do<br />

Rosário Alves Lobato, 11º Jose<br />

Bernardo Alves Lobato, 12º Silvestre<br />

Agostinho Alves Lobato no 13º Elisa<br />

Maria Lobato.<br />

Hosi oan lubun hirak ne’e Rogério<br />

Tiago de Fátima Lobato de’it maka<br />

sei moris hela. Sira-nia aman hetan<br />

moras no mate loron-26, fulan-Abril,<br />

tinan-1976, iha Leorema. Sira-nia<br />

inan hetan mate hosi ema mahohok<br />

iha foho Maubere, Laklubar, fulan-<br />

Jullu, tinan-1979. Oan Silvestre<br />

Lobato maka mate iha inan nia kabun<br />

-laran no oan sira seluk hetan mate<br />

iha okupasaun nia laran bainhira sira<br />

funu hodi timór hetan nia ukun-rasikan.<br />

Nicolau dos Reis Lobato sai-boot to’o<br />

tinan 13 iha Soibada, no iha ne’ebá<br />

maka nia hala’o ninia eskola primária<br />

iha Colégio Nuno Alvares Pereira,<br />

hamutuk ho kolega balu hanesan<br />

Amo-Bispo Alberto da Silva Ricardo<br />

no sira-rua sei hala’o eskola hamutuk<br />

iha Seminário Menor de Nossa<br />

Senhora de Fátima, iha Dare, no ihane’ebá<br />

nia ramata kursu tinan-lima<br />

hodi haksa’e matenek iha eskola ho<br />

rohan di’ak iha dixiplina oioin liuliu iha<br />

lian portugés no matemátika.<br />

Horiuluk kedas nia la’o sorin metin ho<br />

nia alin António no Rogério maibé,<br />

iha tempu ne’ebá, nia mós la’o sorinsorin<br />

ho maluk António Cesaltino<br />

Osório Soares, Abílio Osório Soares,<br />

Luís Viana do Carmo no João Bosco<br />

Prezidente<br />

Nicolau dos Reis Lobato-I<br />

Knananuk ne’ebé hasa’e ba<br />

Prezidente<br />

Nicolau dos Reis Lobato<br />

Hakerek hosi: Mali Leto<br />

Dadolin hosi: Mau Bais<br />

Hakerek tiha iha Moçambique<br />

iha tinan-1979<br />

Prezidente, Prezidente<br />

Kamarada Nicolau<br />

Ó-nia mate malorek mai ami<br />

Tan ó hasoru sira-ne’ebé<br />

hanehan ita<br />

Ho aten-barani ó mate<br />

Ó monu iha funu no ó-nia<br />

naran boot ona<br />

Ó husik mai ami hotu ó-nia banati<br />

Nu’udar matadalan no loron ida ami sei<br />

manán<br />

Prezidente, Prezidente<br />

Kamarada Nicolau<br />

Ó-nia banati hanesan fini ida<br />

Mai hosi ita-nia revolusaun<br />

Maske ó laiha ona ami sei la’o<br />

ba oin nafatin<br />

Ami sei la’o to’o rohan ne’ebé de’it<br />

Ó-nia hala’ok ami sei ramata<br />

Ami sei halo ita-nia mehi hamosu<br />

do Carmo, nu’udar viziñu no oan hosi<br />

Mestre Fernando Soares no José do<br />

Carmo.<br />

Nicolau dos Reis Lobato simu<br />

batizmu iha Paróquia da Imaculada<br />

Conceição iha Soibada, Misaun<br />

Katólica ho naran hanesan, hosi Amo<br />

Januário Coelho da Silva. Fulgêncio<br />

dos Reis Ornay, Liurai hosi Fehuc<br />

Rin, Barike, no ninia aman nia kolega<br />

rasik, maka sai nu’udar aman-sarani.<br />

Bainhira nia sei ki’ikoan nia hetan<br />

hahilik hodi sai hanesan anju ida iha<br />

peregrinasaun estátua de Nossa<br />

Senhora de Fátima nian mai Timór,<br />

iha tinan-1951. Nia simu ninia<br />

formasaun tomak, tuir fiar kreda<br />

katóliku nian, iha Soibada no tatuir<br />

iha Dare. Nia hakfila ba nu’udar<br />

devotu Nossa Senhora Aitara no lori<br />

subar estátua Na’i-Feto nian iha fatin<br />

ida naran Anin Kuak, iha Soibada,<br />

atu ema aat labele estraga. Iha funu<br />

nia laran nia sori Na’i Lulik katóliku<br />

sira no hakbesik Amo Francisco<br />

Tavares, ohin-loron Pároku iha<br />

Ainaru.<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Biografia<br />

Atu hatebes nia fiar kreda katóliku<br />

nian, ita hanoin de’it katak, bainhira<br />

hamosu invazaun militár indonézia no<br />

sira tenke hakiduk no halai ba foho,<br />

nia hakat liu dare no husu ba Amo<br />

Ricardo Alberto da Silva atu harohan<br />

missa ida lai hodi hanoin Timor-<br />

Leste. Hafoin ramata missa ne’ebá,<br />

molok halai tama ai-laran, nia dehan<br />

ba nia kolega nune’e: “ ha’u mate<br />

karik, harohan missa ida ba ha’u<br />

”.Bainhira rona nia mate, ninia kolega<br />

harohan duni missa ida hodi husu tuir<br />

rohan di’ak ba nia klamar.<br />

Tan nia lakohi haktuir moris nu’udar<br />

na’i-lulik nia sai hosi Semináriu iha<br />

tinan-1965. Iha Semináriu nia hetan<br />

hahilik hosi Reitór hodi sa’e nu’udar<br />

xefe kolega seminarista sira-nian ba<br />

tinan tolu no iha tempu ne’ebá maka<br />

nia hatudu ninia kbiit nu’udar ema,<br />

xefe no desportista. Hafoin sai hosi<br />

Semináriu, Nicolau Lobato iha mehi<br />

boot ida atu bá estuda iha Eskola<br />

Direitu iha Universidade Coimbra, iha<br />

Portugal. Maibé, nia aman hetan<br />

moras no nia tenke hela hodi tau<br />

matan ba alin kiik sira no nia mós la<br />

simu tulun hosi governu Portugal nian<br />

atu bá eskola iha rai ne’ebá. Maske<br />

nune’e, nia buka hetan matenek<br />

liután no tama iha Liceu hodi haklean<br />

iha dixiplina Filosofia nian, OPAN –<br />

Organizasaun Polítika no Administrativa<br />

Nasaun nian no lian-portugés,<br />

ho di’ak no natoon atubele tama<br />

iha Universidade.<br />

Bainhira nia mai Díli, hafoin sai hosi<br />

Semináriu, nia bá hela iha nia tio<br />

Arlindo da Costa Tilman no tia Lídia<br />

Boavida nia uma iha Bidau no tio sira<br />

-ne’e simu no kuidadu nia hanesan<br />

oan ida. Tan Bidau ne’ebá besik hela<br />

Amo Bispo nia uma iha Lesidere<br />

maka, domingo-domingo, nia la falta<br />

misa ne’ebé Amo Bispo Dom Jaime<br />

Garcia Goulart rasik maka selebra.<br />

Iha tinan-1966 nia tama ba servisu<br />

militár portugés no hala’o treinamentu<br />

liuhosi kursu sarjentu milisianu nian<br />

no hetan klasifikasaun ho di’akliu,<br />

nu’udar dahuluk, tatuir maka João<br />

Carrascalão nu’udar daruak no<br />

Moisés da Costa Sarmento nu’udar<br />

datoluk. Ikusmai Sarmento kaben tiha<br />

ho nia alin-feto Maria Cesaltina<br />

Franscisca Alves Lobato no sira-rua<br />

hetan mate hosi ema mahohok iha<br />

Ratahu, Vikeke, tinan-1979.Nia<br />

hala’o ninia misaun militár dahuluk<br />

iha Bazartete.<br />

Hafoin, nia hakat aas liu ba pozisaun<br />

Furiel Milisianu no fila fali ba Dili atu<br />

hala’o servisu militár iha Companhia<br />

27


Presidência da República<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Poster


Presidência da República<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Poster


de Caçadores nº15 iha Kaikoli. Ninia<br />

knaar maka nu’udar responsável ba<br />

sosa no kontrola hahán ba kuartel<br />

tomak. Iha kuartel ne’ebá maka nia<br />

hasoru ho ema ida hosi Moçambique,<br />

primeiru-sarjentu ida ho naran<br />

Timane, ne’ebé ko’alia-sai ba Nicolau<br />

kona-ba sira-nia luta hodi buka ukunrasik-an<br />

ba Moçambique. Liutiha<br />

tempu servisu militár nia fila fali ba<br />

vida sivil no iha tinan-1968 nia hetan<br />

servisu iha Missão Agronómica de<br />

Timor.<br />

Iha fatin-ne’e nia hasoru ho ema<br />

tékniku ida hosi Cabo Verde ho naran<br />

Marcelino no sira-rua ko’alia barak<br />

kona-ba luta libertasaun nasionál ba<br />

Guiné-Bisau no Cabo Verde. Ho<br />

nune’e maka nia hahú lee subarsubar<br />

livru balu kona-ba luta<br />

libertasaun ba kolónia Portugal nian<br />

iha Afrika.<br />

Hosi Missão Agronómica de Timor<br />

nia hakat to’o Repartição das<br />

Finanças liuhosi konkursu, hodi hetan<br />

knaar nu’udar 3º Ofisiál.<br />

Ho knaar ne’e nia tau matan no<br />

haree tuir lala’ok kona-ba selu<br />

funsionáriu sira-nia saláriu fulanfulan.<br />

Nicolau Lobato hetan moris foun<br />

bainhira servisu iha Repartição das<br />

Finanças tan iha servisu-fatin ne’ebá<br />

nia haree-hetan Isabel Barreto no<br />

sira-rua kaben iha tinan-1972 iha<br />

kapela Bazartete no halo festa iha<br />

Laulema, iha noiva nia uma.<br />

Amo Simplício do Menino Jesus, n’ailulik<br />

ida hosi Goa no iha tempu<br />

ne’ebá nu’udar Pároko Likisá, maka<br />

fó sakramentu kaben ba sira-rua.<br />

Hosi relasaun-kaben ne’e maka sira<br />

hetan oan-mane ida naran José<br />

Maria Barreto Lobato.<br />

Tuirfalimai, José Gonçalves no<br />

Olímpia Barreto hakiak sira-nia oan<br />

ne’e ne’ebé hanaran foun hanesan<br />

José Maria Barreto Lobato<br />

Gonçalves.<br />

Nicolau nia kaben, Isabel Barreto<br />

30<br />

Prezidente<br />

Nicolau dos Reis Lobato-II<br />

Lobato, hetan mate hosi mahohok<br />

indonéziu sira iha ponte-kais Dili iha<br />

loron-7, fulan-dezembru, tinan-1975,<br />

loron ne’ebé indonézia hahú tama rai<br />

-timór.<br />

Nu’udar desportista nia hala’o jogu<br />

voleiból, basketból no futeból maibé<br />

iha futeból maka nia hala’o diak liután<br />

ba dala uluk iha Clube Desportivo da<br />

União no, liutiha, iha Associação<br />

Académica de Timor.<br />

Iha tinan-1974 nia klaran, tatuir<br />

Revolução dos Cravos de 25 de Abril<br />

iha Portugal, Nicolau dos Reis Lobato<br />

soe nia servisu atubele fó-an tomak<br />

ba harii ASDT / FRETILIN hodi<br />

hanoin oinsá atu hetan libertasaun<br />

nasionál ba Timor-Leste.<br />

Bainhira hafila ASDT ba FRETILIN<br />

iha loron-11, fulan-setembru, tinan-<br />

1974, nia simu knaar nu’udar Vise-<br />

Prezidente.<br />

Nu’udar Vise-Prezidente, bainhira<br />

Prezidente Xavier do Amaral laiha,<br />

Nicolau Lobato maka komanda<br />

FRETILIN hodi hasoru UDT ataka iha<br />

loron-11, fulan-agostu, tinan-1975.<br />

Ne’e be, hala’ok balu mós tuirfilamai<br />

hanesan :<br />

1. Iha kalan 11-agostu-1975, ho tulun<br />

hosi Marí Alkatiri, Alarico Fernandes<br />

no Mau Lear, hamutuk ho membru<br />

hosi CCF, nia komanda grupu ne’e<br />

atu sai hosi Díli.<br />

2. Iha loron 13-agostu-1975, tama tán<br />

foho laran bá Aileu no Ai-Sirimou.<br />

3. Iha Ai-Sirimou, iha CCF nia oin, nia<br />

bá to’o Kuartel Aileu hodi ko’alia ho<br />

soldadu timóroan sira hodi hato’o ba<br />

sira kona-ba situasaun polítika no<br />

militár iha tempu ne’ebá.<br />

4. Iha loron 15-agostu-1975, tan<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Biografia<br />

Prezidente FRETILIN la iha, Nicolau<br />

ho Marí Alkatiri hamutuk ho membru<br />

sira hosi CCF, foti-sa’e povu atu tama<br />

iha revolta popular nu’udar planu<br />

estratéjiku ida no, iha loron hanesan,<br />

nafatin ho Mari Alkatiri, Alarico<br />

Fernandes no membru sira hosi<br />

CCF, harii no hatuur tiha FALINTIL.<br />

5. Iha loron 17-agostu-1975, liuhosi<br />

hala’ok ida-ne’ebé hametin tiha ona<br />

uluk kedas ho soldadu no sarjentu<br />

timóroan sira, nia hale’u Companhia<br />

de Aileu no militár portugés sira<br />

entrega komando kompañia ne’ebá<br />

ba timóroan sira (Sargento José<br />

Silva);<br />

6. Hosi loron ne’ebá ba oin Nicolau<br />

Lobato maka komanda prosesu<br />

operasionál polítiku no militár hodi<br />

hasoru UDT ataka.<br />

7. Hosi fulan-setembru to’o fulannovembru<br />

Nicolau Lobato hasa’e-an<br />

hodi hatudu ninia hala’ok kona-ba<br />

estratéjia polítika no militár.<br />

Maibé, nia temi nafatin no beibeik<br />

de’it katak Portugal tenke fila hodi<br />

ramata prosesu deskolonizasaun<br />

nian no buka hetan mós dalan ida<br />

ne’ebé halo timóroan sira hotu<br />

hasoru malu iha dalan klaran atubele<br />

hadi’ak konflitu polítiku.<br />

8. Maske haka’as-an maka’as sei la<br />

biban hetan rohan di’ak maka halo<br />

Nicolau Lobato haklalak iha loron-28,<br />

fulan-novembru, tinan-1975, Proklamasaun<br />

Unilaterál Independénsia<br />

Timor-Leste nian.<br />

9. Iha Governu ne’ebé hamosu hosi<br />

Proklamasaun ne’ebá Nicolau simu<br />

knaar nu’udar Primeiru Ministru.<br />

10. Iha tinan-1977, tanba problema<br />

hirak ne’ebé buras tiha iha Fretilin nia<br />

leet, Nicolau hetan hahilik atu hala’o<br />

knaar nu’udar Prezidente Fretilin<br />

nian, hamutuk ho knaar Prezidente<br />

Repúblika nian no Komandante-Xefe<br />

FALINTIL nian.<br />

11. Iha loron-31, fulan-Dezembru,<br />

tinan-1978, iha funu nia laran,<br />

bainhira tiru bá tiru mai, nia mate iha<br />

foho-leet ida naran Mindelo, besik<br />

Maubisi, Turiskai no Manufahi.


Hernani Coelho<br />

Xefe Gabinete Adjunto - PR<br />

I<br />

ha Fulan Setembru liu ba, Presidente<br />

Timor-Leste lidera delegasauan<br />

Timor-Leste nian ba<br />

partisipa iha encontro dala 65<br />

Asembleia Geral Nasoen Unidas nebe<br />

halao iha Nova Yorke, nudar base<br />

Nasoens Unidas nian.<br />

Asembleia Geral Nasoen Unidas (AG<br />

-ONU) hahu iha 1945 tuir Charter of<br />

the United Nations nudar orgaun<br />

deliberativu Organizasaun Nasoens<br />

Unidas (ONU).<br />

Desizaun importante hanesan iha<br />

area paz no seguransa, simu<br />

membru foun, orsamentu, presi-za<br />

iha aprovasaun husi dois tersus<br />

membrus sira nian ba asuntu seluk<br />

maioria simples sufisiente onan.<br />

Kada membru ida iha direitu ba voto<br />

ida, la hare ba rai kik e ka bo’ot. ONU<br />

iha hamutuk 192 membrus, Timor-<br />

Leste ofisialmente tama nudar membru<br />

iha 27 Setembru 2002.<br />

AG-ONU iha komite prinsipal nen: komite<br />

desarmamentu non seguransa<br />

internasional, komite ekonomia non<br />

finansa, komite asuntus sosiais, kulturais<br />

non humanitarius, komite deskolonizasaun<br />

non politika espesial, ko<br />

-mite adminsitrasaun non orsamentu,<br />

komite ba asuntus legais.<br />

Iha sesaun tinan 2010 ne’e iha “High<br />

Level Segment” hat nebe halo revisaun<br />

ba Objektivus Desenvolvimentu<br />

Mileniun nian, Biodiversidade, implementasaun<br />

Mauritius Strategy - programa<br />

aksaun ba desenvolvimentu<br />

sustentavel iha Small Island Developing<br />

States non Debate Geral.<br />

Iha nia intervensaun, Presidente Dr.<br />

José Ramos-Horta koalian konan ba<br />

toleransia religiosa, konan ba desenvolvimentu<br />

ekonomiku no hamenus<br />

kiak, governasaun diak, direitus hu-<br />

Prezidente Republika<br />

iha Oganizasaun Nasoens Unidas<br />

manus, feto no jovens, justisa no<br />

kompaixaun, konan ba nesesidade<br />

atu liberta Kubanu nain lima nabe sei<br />

prezo hela iha Amerika, konan ba situasaun<br />

iha Myanmar no prizaun<br />

domisiliaria Senhora Daw Aung Suu<br />

Kjie, konflitu Israel-Palestina, Western<br />

Sahara non mudansa klimatika<br />

iha mundu.<br />

Presidente mos hato katak la konkorda<br />

ho konklusaun nebe Presi-<br />

dente Iran nian halo konan ba atake<br />

terorista ba World Trade Center.<br />

Intersante atu hare katak mesmu ke<br />

pais barak maka la konkorda ho lia<br />

fuan Presidente Iran nian, sira ida la<br />

foti lian iha plenaria, so Timor deit<br />

maka koalia sai.<br />

Presidente reknohese katak meta<br />

balun husi objektivu desenvolvimentu<br />

mileniun nian karik Timor se la atinji,<br />

tamba Timor foin maka hetan hikas<br />

nia independensia iha tinan 2002,<br />

maibe balun, hanesan mortalidade<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Diplomasia<br />

infantil, Timor atinji tiha onan.<br />

Timor konsegue buat barak iha tinan<br />

walu nian laran liu husi programas<br />

nebe agresivu iha finansiamentu<br />

publiku non programas de asistensia<br />

ba ema katuas non ferik sira.<br />

Ba rai riku sira Presidente apela atu<br />

sira bele hare hikas dalan nebe sira<br />

uza lori fo asistensia ba rai kiak sira,<br />

tamba to agora ajudas hirak ne ladun<br />

fo resultadu nebe diak.<br />

Premiu Nobel da Paz ne mos husu<br />

ba rai riku sira atu kasu tiha tusan rai<br />

kiak sira nian.<br />

Konan ba reforma iha ONU, ita nia<br />

Presidente hateten katak to tempu<br />

ona atu ONU hare hikas fali nia a’an<br />

atu halu nian bele representativu no<br />

efektivu liu ta’an, ba Konselhu<br />

Seguransa Presidente hanoin katak<br />

laiha razaun ba ONU atu la akomoda<br />

forsa regional non global foun nebe<br />

komesa mosu hanesan India ho<br />

Brazil.<br />

31


P<br />

eacebuilding is a topic that<br />

has been the focus of much<br />

discussion by the United<br />

Nations and Governments in<br />

recent years and it is particularly relevant<br />

for Timor-Leste at this stage of<br />

its history. Peacebuilding involves a<br />

range of measures targeted to reduce<br />

the risk of relapsing into conflict by<br />

strengthening national capacities at<br />

all levels for conflict management,<br />

and to lay the foundations for sustainable<br />

peace and development. Peacebuilding<br />

is a partnership between the<br />

national authorities and the international<br />

community; the roles are different<br />

depending on the situation in a<br />

given country and they evolve over<br />

time, but in order to be sustainable<br />

the process requires strong national<br />

leadership and buy-in. Over the past<br />

few years, we have seen strong leadership<br />

by the Timorese Government<br />

and the international partners, such<br />

as the UN, have aligned behind the<br />

Government’s priorities and initiatives<br />

– and great progress has been<br />

achieved on all fronts.<br />

I am glad to have the opportunity to<br />

use this space to reflect on some of<br />

the concepts that in my view are crucial<br />

for all those involved in peacebuilding,<br />

national and international<br />

actors alike: institutions, capacitybuilding,<br />

ownership, values and principles,<br />

and a long-term perspective.<br />

Building effective and resilient state<br />

institutions is the single most necessary<br />

(although not sufficient) condition<br />

for long-lasting, sustainable<br />

peace in a post-conflict situation.<br />

National leaders dedicated to the<br />

common good are of course essential;<br />

however it is only one of the<br />

foundations upon which to build a<br />

successful State. For their long-term<br />

stability, states must be founded on<br />

relatively permanent institutions, to<br />

ensure systematic problem-solving<br />

and policy development, so that functioning<br />

mechanisms and channels will<br />

be in place in the long-term. In Timor-<br />

Leste, the crisis of 2006 that gave<br />

rise to a new peacekeeping mandate<br />

was essentially a failure of state institutions.<br />

One of the greatest successes<br />

in the post-crisis period is that<br />

the population and political parties<br />

alike have shown a willingness to reinvest<br />

their confidence in those institutions:<br />

the 2007 elections had a very<br />

high participation, barely a year after<br />

violence in the streets; those elections<br />

led to the peaceful transfer of<br />

power; and the political opposition<br />

has participated fully and actively in<br />

32<br />

Finn Reske-Nielsen<br />

Deputy SRSG<br />

Post-conflict Peacebuilding:<br />

contemporary challenges and the way forward<br />

* photo UNMIT Mertine Perret<br />

the Parliament, has turned to the<br />

courts to resolve disputes and has<br />

cooperated with national and local<br />

administration.<br />

Institutions are not formed merely of<br />

bricks and mortar, organization charts<br />

and payrolls; they are made up of<br />

human beings, and therefore institution-building<br />

is essentially capacitybuilding.<br />

The key to capacity-building,<br />

I believe, is being realistic, no matter<br />

how daunting the task may be.<br />

If it is going to take 20 years, realistically,<br />

before a reliable national judicial<br />

capacity can be developed, there<br />

is no point in giving it five years and<br />

hoping for the best, contenting ourselves<br />

with short-term measure because<br />

that is all that seems “doable”.<br />

Another aspect of being realistic, of<br />

course, is to conduct and accept an<br />

honest assessment of existing capacity,<br />

and not shy away from outsourcing<br />

where it is required; however, as<br />

soon as possible, activities need to<br />

be carried out by national actors to<br />

ensure national leadership and sustainability.<br />

Ownership is the key to all<br />

post-conflict peacebuilding, not only<br />

in terms of short-term buy-in and legitimacy,<br />

but also in terms of longterm<br />

sustainability. Very often the<br />

biggest constraint to ownership is<br />

limited capacity and the primary objective<br />

of capacity-building must<br />

therefore be to develop the capacity<br />

for ownership, at every level.<br />

But the most important aspect of capacity<br />

building is more difficult to address:<br />

values and principles. Skills<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

training in the absence of buy-in for<br />

the fundamental principles of responsive,<br />

accountable and transparent<br />

governance, rule of law, human<br />

rights, is not self-sustaining. In the<br />

face of a serious challenge, where<br />

there is pressure to deviate from institutional<br />

values or a need to improvise<br />

something new, only true internalization<br />

of those values can provide the<br />

members of an institution with the<br />

means to be effective. The response<br />

to the crisis in February 2008, which<br />

was fully in line with the constitutional<br />

and legislative framework, was a very<br />

positive sign.<br />

Finally, the establishment of sustainable<br />

peace is a long-term goal. Of<br />

course, there is a need to act quickly<br />

and effectively in the immediate aftermath<br />

of conflict, to take advantage of<br />

a narrow window of opportunity. In<br />

this regard, the statistics are daunting:<br />

around 30 percent of countries<br />

emerging from conflict relapse within<br />

five years. Delivering quick and tangible<br />

results is important in building<br />

confidence and support for the efforts<br />

to move a country ahead after a conflict.<br />

However, it is important to balance<br />

the need for quick impact and<br />

dividends with the need to keep the<br />

long-term capacity-building on the<br />

front burner.<br />

In Timor-Leste, the UN has been<br />

working alongside the Government<br />

and other partners for a number of<br />

years; the time is approaching for UN<br />

peacekeeping to scale down and<br />

eventually exit. I believe that strong<br />

foundations for durable peace and<br />

prosperity have been laid and we<br />

must spend the anticipated remaining<br />

two years of peacekeeping constructively<br />

to help ensure that, under the<br />

leadership of the Government and<br />

with the support of the international<br />

community, peacebuilding in Timor-<br />

Leste will indeed confirm to be a successful<br />

endeavour.


Fu Yuancong<br />

China Ambassador<br />

Long Standing Relationship China and Timor-Leste<br />

T<br />

he well-established relationship<br />

between China and<br />

Timor-Leste has a long history.<br />

China sided with the<br />

Timorese people with sympathy and<br />

support during their struggle for national<br />

independence. China is proud<br />

to be the first country establishing<br />

diplomatic ties with Timor-Leste after<br />

its founding.<br />

The past 8 years have witnessed a<br />

closer bilateral relationship in all<br />

fields, evidenced by China’s assistance,<br />

for Timor’s nation building and<br />

social developmental. Good cooperation<br />

between our two countries can<br />

be found in fields of infrastructure,<br />

agriculture, public health, education,<br />

capacity building, social solidarity and<br />

public security.<br />

As a matter of fact, we are helping<br />

Timor to the best of our capability.<br />

The Foreign Ministry’s Office Building<br />

and the Presidential Palace are<br />

standing there, over 700 Timorese<br />

civil servants and technical personnel<br />

have received occasional training in<br />

China so far, and up to 21 students<br />

enjoyed the Chinese Government<br />

Scholarship. The hybrid rice project in<br />

Manatuto has yielded bumper harvest<br />

for several seasons.<br />

As for public health, has four medical<br />

teams dispatched from China have<br />

successively offered treatment to local<br />

patients for more than 150,000<br />

person-times. Over 320 Chinese police<br />

officers, men and women alike,<br />

have served in 15 batches under the<br />

UN Peacekeeping Mission.<br />

The Chinese Government also provided<br />

Timor-Leste with a number of<br />

material supplies, including food, edible<br />

oil, farm machinery, seeds, pesti-<br />

cides, fishing gears, medicine, mosquito<br />

nets, wheelchairs, sporting<br />

goods, police uniforms, communication<br />

equipment, etc..<br />

The year 2010 is a fruitful year for our<br />

deepened bilateral relationship characterized<br />

by frequent high-level visits.<br />

In April, H.E. Vice Prime Minister<br />

Guterres attended the Boao Forum<br />

for Asia. In July, H.E. President Horta<br />

hosted the National Pavilion Day for<br />

Timor-Leste in Shanghai Expo, the<br />

first time ever for Timor-Leste to be<br />

represented in the World Expo as an<br />

independent nation, and to show its<br />

socio-economic progress, beautiful<br />

landscape and unique cultural heritage.<br />

The Timorese Parliamentary delegation<br />

composed of two committees,<br />

and PNTL Commissioner Mr. Monteiro<br />

paid a friendly visit to China in<br />

July as well. Furthermore, the Chinese<br />

Government announced a gradual<br />

zero tariff treatment for Timorese<br />

goods exported to China as from 1 st<br />

July, an important step to promote<br />

mutual trade and economic cooperation.<br />

The Residential Quarter for F-<br />

FDTL officers, the Office Building for<br />

Defense Ministry and the primary<br />

school under Chinese Aid have been<br />

inaugurated throughout the year. In<br />

October, H.E. Prime Minister Xanana<br />

Gusmao attended the closing ceremony<br />

of Shanghai Expo and held<br />

talks with Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao.<br />

In November, H.E. Vice Prime Minister<br />

Guterres led the Timorese athletes<br />

for the 16 th Asian Games held in<br />

Guangzhou and attended the opening<br />

ceremony; Prosecutor General<br />

Madame Anna Pessoa participated in<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

the 4 th Annual Conference and General<br />

Meeting of the International Association<br />

of Anti-corruption Authorities<br />

(IAACA) in Macau; General Secretary<br />

of the CNRT Dr. Babo Soares<br />

has headed an AMP delegation to<br />

China for study and visit; H.E. President<br />

Horta, accompanied by Foreign<br />

Minister Dr. da Costa and Minister for<br />

Economy & Development Mr. Goncalves,<br />

will soon go to Macau for the<br />

3 rd Ministerial Meeting of the Forum<br />

of Economic and Commercial Cooperation<br />

between China and Portuguese-speaking<br />

Countries.<br />

By unswervingly pursuing the foreign<br />

policy of “building a good neighbourly<br />

relationship and partnership with all<br />

neighbouring countries”, China develops<br />

friendship and partnership with<br />

its neighboring countries in Asia,<br />

Timor-Leste included. Both as developing<br />

countries in Asian region and<br />

with similar experience in history,<br />

China and Timor-Leste had long<br />

been sympathizing with, supporting,<br />

respecting and trusting each other<br />

throughout the national liberation,<br />

nation building and social development.<br />

At the same time, we enjoy<br />

good communication and coordination<br />

in international and regional affairs.<br />

China is grateful for the valuable<br />

support of the Timorese government<br />

over the years towards issues<br />

of China’s core interests.<br />

China, as always, will share with<br />

Timorese people the opportunities<br />

brought by China’s economic development,<br />

and do whatever in our capability<br />

to help Timor enhance its<br />

ability of independent and sustainable<br />

development. Stronger cooperation<br />

and mutual benefit are conducive to<br />

our common development, not only<br />

benefiting the two peoples but also<br />

contributing to peace, stability and<br />

prosperity of Asia and the world at<br />

large.<br />

I am convinced that thanks to the<br />

joint efforts and fostering of the Chinese<br />

and Timorese leadership, the<br />

Sino-Timorese relationship would be<br />

shaped into an exemplary one between<br />

countries of different sizes.<br />

33


A<br />

nation’s identity is certainly<br />

not forged in one day; an<br />

identity of a nation takes<br />

time and goes through a<br />

process. The identity of the Timor-<br />

Leste as a nation starts with the identity<br />

of its people. Timor-Leste has a<br />

rich cultural and historical background<br />

that can also be associated<br />

with the culture and history of Indonesia,<br />

especially of those in the Province<br />

of East Nusa Tenggara. Culturally<br />

the people of East Nusa Tenggara<br />

and Timor-Leste share a rich<br />

history, shown is the similarity of the<br />

usage of the Tetum and Dawan language,<br />

traditional attire and social<br />

traits. Strong family ties and strong<br />

sense of community are also similar;<br />

there are also many family ties between<br />

Timorese and Indonesians.<br />

The rich cultural heritage between<br />

Indonesians and Timorese shall be<br />

the basis for stronger bilateral relationships<br />

between the two nations.<br />

In the context of friendly relations and<br />

cooperation between the two nations,<br />

people to people contact has a profound<br />

and important meaning. Relations<br />

and cooperation in the socioeconomic-culture<br />

field is strategic and<br />

must be further developed and promoted.<br />

Especially remembering that<br />

there are cultural and social similarities,<br />

as mentioned above, between<br />

the people of Indonesia and Timor-<br />

Leste, bearing that in mind and with<br />

the addition of geographical location<br />

of both countries, the authorities in<br />

the Province of East Nusa Tenggara<br />

shall be the first line in the improvements<br />

of cooperation between the<br />

two nations. As an example, on August<br />

2009, the Indonesian Embassy<br />

in Dili organized a cultural night in the<br />

District of Oecusse, Timor-Leste by<br />

inviting performers from Kefamenanu,<br />

East Nusa Tenggara Province and<br />

Oecusse District. Timorese old and<br />

young alike, in Oecusse enjoyed<br />

such an event.<br />

There have been other efforts by both<br />

communities to continue to build amicable<br />

relations, emphasizing on the<br />

34<br />

Eddy Setiabudhi<br />

Indonesia Ambassador<br />

Share for Cultural<br />

Benefit<br />

cultural similarities of the Province of<br />

East Nusa Tenggara and the Democratic<br />

Republic of Timor-Leste. In may<br />

2009, in association with the commemoration<br />

of the Democratic Republic<br />

of Timor-Leste’s Independence<br />

Restoration Day and invitation by the<br />

Timor-Leste Football Federation, 3<br />

(three) teams, amounting to 103 (one<br />

hundred and three) members, including<br />

senior government officials, from<br />

the Province of East Nusa Tenggara<br />

participated in a friendly football<br />

match against the teams from Timor-<br />

Leste. As expected, the match went<br />

off without a hitch and was conducted<br />

with great enthusiasm by the players,<br />

supporters and even senior officials<br />

from both countries.<br />

Both events referred to above were<br />

great successes. The cultural night in<br />

Oecusse was successful as one of<br />

the reasons being the usage of the<br />

Dawan language by Timorese in<br />

Oecusse and Indonesians in Kefamenanu.<br />

In addition to the usage of<br />

Tetum and Dawan language, the Indonesian<br />

language or Bahasa Indonesia<br />

is also used throughout Timor-<br />

Leste. Aware of this fact the Government<br />

of the Democratic Republic of<br />

Timor-Leste has made Bahasa Indonesia<br />

one of two working languages.<br />

In addition to the socio-cultural aspect<br />

that has been greatly aided by<br />

the usage of similar or common understanding<br />

of each others’ language,<br />

the economic relations have also<br />

greatly progressed. Indonesia is<br />

Timor-Leste’s largest trading partner,<br />

with trade figures reaching millions of<br />

US Dollars, which steadily increases<br />

over the years. Indonesia also considers<br />

the Timorese important in the<br />

field of tourism as Indonesia is still<br />

considered as a major tourist destination<br />

by many Timorese.<br />

It is only natural that the ties and relations<br />

between Timor-Leste and Indonesia<br />

grow stronger in the future.<br />

With the aspect of the similarity in<br />

culture and language, Indonesia can<br />

share its experience with Timor-Leste<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

in building its national identity as an<br />

Independent and free nation that promotes<br />

democracy and equality. Indonesia,<br />

through the 1998 reform movement,<br />

has stepped up its role in the<br />

international stage, being the world’s<br />

largest muslim populated country,<br />

and third largest democracy is an<br />

advocate for democracy itself, as<br />

shown in the Bali Democracy Forum.<br />

Economically Indonesia has made<br />

major strides in reaching sustainable<br />

development in order to build the nation<br />

for the prosperity of the Indonesian<br />

people. In ASEAN as a founding<br />

member, Indonesia is a strong supporter<br />

of Timor-Leste’s efforts of becoming<br />

a full pledge ASEAN member.<br />

Indonesia currently shares its experiences<br />

with Timor-Leste in the area of<br />

capacity building and development of<br />

human resources. Many Timorese<br />

that have been educated in Indonesia<br />

have important roles in the development<br />

of various fields in Timor-<br />

Leste’s government, private sector,<br />

and also in international organizations.<br />

In addition to those having been educated<br />

in Indonesia, there are yet a<br />

significant number of scholars that<br />

are currently studying in Indonesia,<br />

and may one day be the future of the<br />

development of Timor-Leste.


Judith R. Fergin<br />

US Ambassador<br />

T<br />

hank you for this opportunity<br />

to contribute to the third edition<br />

of the Presidential Magazine.<br />

I would like to honor<br />

the theme of the edition -- "The Affirmation<br />

of Timorese Identity -- Contributions"<br />

-- by celebrating the deep<br />

and long-standing friendship between<br />

Timor-Leste and the United States.<br />

As Timor-Leste enters the second<br />

decade of sovereign independence,<br />

so our two countries are marking the<br />

dawn of the second decade of the<br />

21 st century -- the century of the Asia<br />

Pacific. President Barack Obama<br />

spent his childhood in Southeast Asia<br />

-- he is our first Pacific President.<br />

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton<br />

keeps her focus firmly on the region -<br />

- in her words, "we know that much of<br />

the history of the 21st century will be<br />

written in Asia."<br />

We have stood side by side throughout<br />

the first momentous decade of<br />

your independence; we will remain<br />

the closest of friends through the decades<br />

ahead. The United States is not<br />

just ready and willing, we are eager<br />

to do so. As Timor-Leste's committed<br />

friend, we look forward to continuing<br />

to work together to support the goals<br />

of human freedom, dignity, and prosperity<br />

here in Timor-Leste and to promote<br />

our shared interests in those<br />

same goals around the world.<br />

When I first visited Timor-Leste<br />

twenty years ago, I witnessed the<br />

courage of students demonstrating<br />

for independence. Throughout the<br />

following years, I joined other Ameri-<br />

A Celebration of the Friendship<br />

between Timor-Leste and the United States<br />

cans in observing with intense interest<br />

Timor-Leste's travel along the<br />

road to independence, from the exhilarating<br />

popular consultation and its<br />

tragic aftermath in 1999 to the joyous<br />

assumption of sovereignty in 2002.<br />

The government and people of Timor<br />

-Leste have met the manifold and<br />

Recently departed Ambassador Klemm, with the secretary of State for Culture, Virgilio Smith,<br />

celebrates the renovation of an Uma Lulik in Hatobuilico; the Ambassador's Fund for Cultural<br />

Preservation supported this important renewal<br />

complex challenges of establishing<br />

an entirely new country from the<br />

ground up with courage and dedication.<br />

Even as a young nation, Timor-<br />

Leste has exhibited a tremendous<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

Timorese students participating in the United States-Timor-Leste Scholarship Program interact<br />

with Ambassador Fergin at the East-West Center in Honolulu, Hawaii in October<br />

commitment to the principles of democracy<br />

and human rights.<br />

The result is a country that counts, in<br />

the Asia-Pacific and around the<br />

globe.<br />

The United States is proud to be<br />

Timor-Leste's partner in this nationbuilding<br />

endeavor.<br />

We strive to contribute to the<br />

achievement of your aspirations.<br />

Together, Timor-Leste and the United<br />

States have established a rich set of<br />

activities that we hope will make a<br />

difference -- to stability via professionalization<br />

of the police and military<br />

forces; to a vibrant population<br />

through better maternal and child<br />

health; to liberty and fairness through<br />

support for an impartial system of<br />

justice and corruption eradication;<br />

and to prosperity through programs to<br />

advance economic and agricultural<br />

development, reduce poverty, and<br />

create jobs.<br />

We congratulate the government and<br />

people of Timor-Leste upon your<br />

great achievements. We are grateful<br />

for your friendship and look forward<br />

to deepening the relations between<br />

us.<br />

As we both benefit from our membership<br />

in the Asia-Pacific region, let us<br />

seize the opportunities of the Asia-<br />

Pacific century together.<br />

Obrigada barak ba oportunidade<br />

nebe fo mai hau atu fo kontribuisaun<br />

ba revista ida ne’e no mos tamba<br />

amizade nebe buras entre povu rua<br />

ne’e.<br />

35


O<br />

único modelo de bom governo<br />

que se pode admitir<br />

na Comunidade Internacional<br />

é um governo democrático.<br />

As regras de ouro da<br />

democracia consistem na soberania<br />

popular e no controlo dos poderes<br />

públicos por parte dos cidadãos e<br />

das instituições que a Constituição<br />

incumbe destas funções. Os textos<br />

constitucionais são instrumentos<br />

inertes que há que activar mediante o<br />

bom funcionamento das instituições.<br />

Não podem ser estabelecidas com<br />

carácter geral, normas universais de<br />

boa governação e de funcionamento<br />

democrático das instituições.<br />

Tem-se dito uma ou outra vez que o<br />

terrorismo é o inimigo número um<br />

das democracias. Eu sempre discordei<br />

desta afirmação. Nenhuma força<br />

terrorista foi capaz de derrubar uma<br />

democracia. O inimigo principal e<br />

mais destrutivo da democracia é a<br />

corrupção.<br />

Isto é, antepor os interesses pessoais<br />

tratando de tirar proveito para<br />

si próprio dos dinheiros públicos ou<br />

da corrupção privada, ignorando os<br />

interesses gerais.<br />

Este tipo de delitos é normalmente<br />

cometido por funcionários públicos<br />

de todos os níveis (governantes,<br />

parlamentares, juízes e funcionários<br />

administrativos de todos os escalões),<br />

mas não podemos descartar a<br />

importância e a relevância que adquiriram<br />

no mundo globalizado as grandes<br />

empresas que satisfazem os<br />

seus interesses corrompendo os funcionários<br />

e os indivíduos que têm, de<br />

alguma forma, capacidade de decisão<br />

nos assuntos públicos.<br />

A resposta está no Código Penal,<br />

mas nem sempre o Código Penal é<br />

suficientemente rigoroso na sanção<br />

destes comportamentos, e, mesmo<br />

quando o é, o Poder Judicial encontra<br />

sérias dificuldades na aplicação<br />

da lei a estes indivíduos. O caminho<br />

correcto e certo é incrementar as<br />

penas para os autores destes delitos,<br />

pondo em relevo a gravidade destes<br />

36<br />

José Antonio Martín Pallín<br />

Magistrado do Tribunal Supremo Español<br />

O Conceito do Bom Governo<br />

e a Construção Nacional<br />

comportamentos. Mas isto não é<br />

suficiente e não podemos esquecer<br />

que a internacionalização e a criação<br />

de determinados organismos torna<br />

necessário punir igualmente a corrupção<br />

dos funcionários públicos estrangeiros<br />

que influenciem de alguma<br />

forma o funcionamento das instituições.<br />

São muitas as variedades<br />

delituosas através das quais podem<br />

manifestar-se actividades de corrupção.<br />

Uma actividade e fiscalização<br />

diligentes do funcionamento dos<br />

poderes e serviços públicos, pode<br />

detectar a existência de práticas corruptas<br />

e dar início à sua investigação,<br />

mas numa sociedade democrática<br />

só são possíveis de levar a<br />

cabo no seio de um Poder Judicial<br />

independente e com procedimentos<br />

que respeitem as garantias fundamentais.<br />

Verifica-se em todo o mundo a<br />

dificuldade de levar adiante estas<br />

investigações já que os recursos do<br />

poder opõem resistência à sua implicação<br />

e colocam todo o género de<br />

obstáculos à tarefa dos polícias e dos<br />

juízes. Por vezes o caminho é mais<br />

simples.<br />

Corrompem-se as entidades policiais<br />

e os juízes e assim se facilita o caminho<br />

para a impunidade.<br />

Supondo que as entidades policiais e<br />

os juízes actuam dentro da legalidade,<br />

confrontar-se-ão com sérias<br />

dificuldades para chegar às provas<br />

que, na maioria dos casos, se encontram<br />

nos expedientes administrativos<br />

e que, ou são ocultados à investigação<br />

ou, inclusivamente, se fazem desaparecer.<br />

Naturalmente que os implicados<br />

resistirão a colaborar, o que obriga a<br />

reclamar provas que sirvam para<br />

implicá-los, acusá-los e, consoante o<br />

caso, condená-los.<br />

Para lá das imunidades e privilégios<br />

de alguns representantes do povo<br />

perante os juízes, não podemos<br />

descartar o facto de os meios de comunicação<br />

do governo ou, inclusivamente,<br />

particulares, iniciarem uma<br />

campanha de desprestígio e, nomeadamente,<br />

de imputações delituosas<br />

contra o juiz que se atreveu a inves-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

tigar a corrupção. Nestes casos, o<br />

único instrumento eficaz é aquele<br />

que possa garantir, defender e<br />

reforçar a independência judicial.<br />

Mas nenhum instrumento seria eficaz<br />

se a opinião pública não se mobilizar<br />

contra os corruptos e exigir o castigo<br />

dos responsáveis.<br />

Nós, que nos movemos na base do<br />

Direito Penal, estamos convencidos<br />

de que uma boa prática de governo<br />

plasmada na transparência e na<br />

participação popular, é o melhor antídoto<br />

contra a corrupção.<br />

Em definitivo, como sempre, prevenir<br />

é melhor que castigar.<br />

Transparência e boas práticas de<br />

governo são os eixos sobre os quais<br />

deve girar o funcionamento de uma<br />

sociedade democrática. Até agora<br />

não se nos deparou uma melhor<br />

solução para prevenir o inexorável<br />

aparecimento de condutas delituosas<br />

relacionadas com a corrupção. Não<br />

creio que qualquer país esteja livre<br />

deste estigma, mas a sua força<br />

democrática será tanto maior quanto<br />

mais eficaz for a sua luta para<br />

erradicá-lo.<br />

A participação democrática na tomada<br />

de decisões deve exceder o âmbito<br />

de uma mera ida às urnas de<br />

tantos em tantos anos.<br />

A democracia, sem prejuízo da tarefa<br />

específica dos representantes do<br />

povo, constrói-se dia a dia fazendo<br />

ver aos cidadãos que estes são considerados<br />

seres livres e responsáveis.<br />

Quanto maior for a participação<br />

dos cidadãos na tomada de<br />

decisões, tanto maiores serão os<br />

obstáculos a encontrar pelos corruptos<br />

na execução das suas actividades.<br />

A participação cidadã tem de ser<br />

aberta e igualitária, sem discriminações<br />

nem dificuldades de facto devidas<br />

a uma situação social ou de<br />

género.


Ivanildo do Nascimento<br />

Cônsul Honorário do México<br />

Relações México-Timor-Leste<br />

A<br />

s relações do México com<br />

Timor-Leste remontam-se<br />

ao período colonial, quando<br />

a Ilha de Timor foi colónia<br />

portuguesa e manteve um comércio<br />

e contacto directo com a cidade de<br />

Manila, em Filipinas. Na altura, Manila<br />

era administrativamente dependente<br />

do Vice-reino da Nova Espanha<br />

(México) e unida com o porto<br />

mexicano de Acapulco pela rota comercial<br />

do Galeão de Manila, conhecido<br />

também como Nau da China,<br />

uma das rotas comerciais mais longas<br />

da história em térmos geográficos<br />

e temporais: 1521-1821.<br />

Durante esse período, as moedas de<br />

prata mexicana entraram na região<br />

da Ásia-Pacífico, incluindo a ilha de<br />

Timor, onde circularam como moeda<br />

de uso corrente até a década de<br />

1950. Ainda hoje em dia, o termo<br />

“mexicanas” em Timor se refere a<br />

estas moedas de prata mexicanas. E,<br />

ainda na actualidade, são usadas por<br />

muitas famílias timorenses para<br />

estabelecer o dote (berlake) nas celebrações<br />

tradicionais por motivo dos<br />

matrimónios. Durante os séculos XVI<br />

ao XIX o comércio indirecto entre<br />

Timor e o México através de Macau e<br />

Manila permitiu um grande intercâmbio<br />

de produtos incluindo, madeiras<br />

de sândalo (tradicional produto<br />

de exportação de Timor), prata mexicana,<br />

como também outros produtos<br />

mexicanos hoje incorporados à<br />

cultura timorense como o milho, a<br />

abóbora, o feijão, o chocolate e o<br />

chile.<br />

Durante o século XX, México foi um<br />

dos 51 países fundadores das<br />

Nações Unidas e é membro da organização<br />

desde 7 de Novembro de<br />

1945.<br />

Desde então, sempre tem mantido<br />

um firme compromisso com os propósitos<br />

e princípios da Organização.<br />

México sempre tem se caracterizado<br />

por sua vocação multilateral que reconhece<br />

as possibilidades de<br />

fomentar a comunicação e a aproximação<br />

entre as nações. Também<br />

tem defendido seus interesses oportunamente,<br />

mostrando clara vontade<br />

de negociação e forte confiança na<br />

cooperação internacional.<br />

Desde a invasão pela Indonésia em<br />

1975, o México apoiou os desejos de<br />

auto-determinação do povo de Timor<br />

na Assembleia da Organização das<br />

Nações Unidas.<br />

Em 1999, com a realização da consulta<br />

popular para decidir a autodeterminação<br />

do povo de Timor-<br />

Leste, o México por meio do Instituto<br />

Federal Eleitoral apoiou a organização<br />

da consulta popular onde o povo<br />

timorense optou pela independência.<br />

Através dos especialistas mexicanos<br />

da área eleitoral a presença mexicana<br />

no país se tem mantido<br />

constante.<br />

Em 2002, o México reconheceu a<br />

nova República Democrática de<br />

Timor-Leste e foram estabelecidas<br />

relações diplomáticas.<br />

Desde então, o México tem apoiado<br />

no seio dos organismos da ONU as<br />

gestões que estão a se realizar para<br />

ajudarem ao governo e povo de<br />

Timor–Leste, em seus esforços para<br />

avançar no alcance dos seus objectivos<br />

e para facilitar a assistência para<br />

o desenvolvimento, e, em particular,<br />

aqueles programas orientados<br />

à redução da pobreza, o fomento do<br />

bom governo, a administração de<br />

gastos, a gestão de políticas, o<br />

desenvolvimento do sector privado e<br />

sector da energia.<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

Durante a Intervenção do Embaixador<br />

Claude Heller, Representante<br />

Permanente do México junto `as<br />

Nações Unidas, durante o debate do<br />

Conselho de Segurança sobre a<br />

Missão Integrada das Nações Unidas<br />

em Timor-Leste, em Nova York, no<br />

passado 19 de Outubro de 2010,<br />

novamente se destacou o interesse<br />

do México em apoiar a consolidação<br />

de Timor-Leste e se destacou ainda<br />

a necessidade de que a comunidade<br />

internacional continue a apoiar a<br />

consolidação dos programas nacionais<br />

de Timor-Leste.<br />

Como parte deste crescente intercâmbio,<br />

no dia 26 de Agosto deste<br />

ano, o Presidente da República Democrática<br />

de Timor-Leste e Prémio<br />

Nobel da Paz, Dr. José Ramos-<br />

Horta, e a Embaixadora do México<br />

para Indonésia e Timor-Leste, Dra.<br />

Melba Pria, inauguraram a sede do<br />

Consulado Honorário do México na<br />

Cidade de Dili.<br />

O Consulado tem a circunscrição do<br />

território da República Democrática<br />

de Timor-Leste, de acordo com o<br />

estabelecido na carta patente assinada<br />

pela Secretária de Relações<br />

Exteriores do México, Embaixadora.<br />

Patricia Espinosa Cantellano.<br />

37


G<br />

ermans have long been<br />

associated with the virtues<br />

of punctuality, discipline<br />

and other values reflecting<br />

a hard working society. And our inclination<br />

to philosophical depth has often<br />

made us look pessimistic when<br />

there was hardly any reason for it.<br />

But surprisingly, in the midst of the<br />

recent economic and financial crisis<br />

Germans turned out to enjoy life<br />

more than other European Nations<br />

even though unemployment reached<br />

a worrisome peak. Most of the urban<br />

opinion makers appeared relaxed<br />

and not gloomy at all in spite of sluggish<br />

growth rates and a tumbling<br />

value of the Euro. Now, after economic<br />

growth picked up, the mood<br />

could not be better. What is behind<br />

this change of attitudes? I believe<br />

that to a great degree European Integration<br />

and the globalized economies<br />

have profoundly changed our value<br />

systems.<br />

It is ever more difficult to figure out<br />

what is typically German or French or<br />

Dutch or Portuguese when we speak<br />

English with each other and all cherish<br />

Italian cuisine. Our national identities<br />

have long been opening up to the<br />

wide horizons of international standards<br />

and tastes. New layers of preferences<br />

are entering national consumer<br />

habits once we feel at ease<br />

with the global society.<br />

But the benefits of globalization are<br />

neither a panacea for happiness nor<br />

do they incorporate all citizens. Millions<br />

of people are still suffering from<br />

poverty and are lacking the opportunities<br />

for a decent living, for mobility<br />

and for internet communication. They<br />

have no choice other than to adhere<br />

to traditional values and they may<br />

prefer these even when they are<br />

faced with the breeze of competitive<br />

business and technology-driven market<br />

penetration. The stage of globalization<br />

has long been set for transgressing<br />

the more narrow-looking<br />

values of the nation states, but these<br />

were neither abolished nor would the<br />

greater part of the world like this to<br />

happen. Perhaps we will be more and<br />

more shaped by at least two identi-<br />

38<br />

Dr. Norbert Baas<br />

Germany Ambassador<br />

Timor-Leste from a German Perspective<br />

Growing Opportunities in a Globalized World<br />

ties: global citizenship and a national<br />

one. The challenge is to avoid conflicts<br />

and reconcile between them.<br />

Regional identities could gain in importance.<br />

Hegel and Marx, no longer<br />

fashionable authors though, would<br />

certainly see that as a dialectic process.<br />

Since two years, the G20 is making<br />

headlines as a group of countries<br />

representing the vast majority of the<br />

world’s population, ready to tackle the<br />

necessary decisions to pull us out of<br />

the crisis. In addition, it is to give<br />

new momentum to the reform of international<br />

financial institutions like the<br />

IMF and to overcome global distortions<br />

in trade and capital flows. The<br />

G20 did not replace the G8, which<br />

comprises the seven highly developed<br />

western democracies plus Russia.<br />

It took on board the huge threshold<br />

countries including China, India,<br />

Indonesia, and Brazil.<br />

They entered the “old” big economic<br />

players’ club and they are able to<br />

contribute enormously to economic<br />

growth, justice and social progress. It<br />

is noteworthy that through the EU,<br />

which has its own place at the table<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

alongside Germany, France, Italy and<br />

the UK, all other member states are<br />

included in the consultations prior to<br />

the Summit. ASEAN is equally linked<br />

to the G20 through its chair and Indonesia,<br />

the one permanent member.<br />

ASEAN’s Secretary General is also<br />

invited to attend the summits. In addition,<br />

Singapore was a participant this<br />

year.<br />

By this enlarged institutional setting,<br />

the smaller countries are increasingly<br />

tied to the G20 and to its decisionmaking.<br />

When I first visited Timor-Leste in<br />

January 2010, I was struck by the<br />

beauty of the landscape and by the<br />

opportunities this country may well<br />

offer its citizens in the future.<br />

Timor-Leste is taking pride in its<br />

struggle against colonialism, from<br />

which it has emerged, in spite of the<br />

injuries, violence and bloodshed, as a<br />

country embracing peace and good<br />

neighborhood.


The identity of its elites and the larger<br />

part of its population may thus be<br />

described as equ ally post -<br />

revolutionary and forward-looking,<br />

carried further by a growingly modern<br />

spirit, by the curiosity of its young<br />

generation to look beyond and all this<br />

in a relaxed and open-minded way.<br />

To satisfy the future-oriented interests<br />

will be of great relevance to<br />

avoid disappointments.<br />

It is difficult to imagine that any temptation<br />

to breed new violent impatience<br />

could again upset the balance<br />

between measurement and common<br />

responsibility for a stable Timor-<br />

Leste. Once the risks are becoming<br />

negligible and the own security forces<br />

are strong enough, time will come for<br />

the UN Mission to rethink its size.<br />

Timor-Leste’s political leadership,<br />

above all President Ramos-Horta,<br />

who was awarded the Peace Nobel<br />

Prize, impressed the world commu-<br />

nity with their successful stabilization<br />

policy and their endeavours to implant<br />

democracy. This has become a<br />

success-story. Germany will continue<br />

to be supportive and closely cooperate<br />

with the European Union.<br />

Among the major German projects<br />

implemented by the GTZ is the rural<br />

development programme which is<br />

enlarging the range of domestic products<br />

and is building on participatory<br />

village development planning. We are<br />

also involved in a maritime support<br />

programme. Another focus is on enriching<br />

vocational training to enhance<br />

employment opportunities for the<br />

young generation. Our contribution to<br />

transitional justice renders support to<br />

the use of an interesting instrument<br />

already practiced in Timor-Leste. In<br />

Covalima, Manatuto and Viqueque<br />

Germany supports the Timorese government<br />

in the creation of a mediation<br />

law as well as the definition of<br />

educational standards for mediators.<br />

Based on Timorese culture and tradition<br />

this unique handling of conflict<br />

management with the goal to eventually<br />

build a law-governed state looks<br />

very promising.<br />

Timor-Leste is now preparing its accession<br />

to ASEAN. Membership will<br />

offer unique possibilities to connect<br />

with the infrastructure of Southeast<br />

Asia and to become a partner in the<br />

global arena.<br />

With its abundant natural resources<br />

Timor-Leste is well placed to influ-<br />

ence the further destiny of Southeast<br />

Asia. Its voice will be heard. Similar<br />

to the smaller EU member states,<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

whose leaders were crucial to our<br />

European success story, Timor-Leste<br />

may soon find itself in the frontrunner<br />

group for the promotion of a balanced<br />

development model.<br />

It would also benefit more from foreign<br />

investment since ASEAN is determined<br />

to implement the ASEAN<br />

Economic Community by 2015. Last<br />

but not least, I am hopeful that<br />

through Timor-Leste’s ASEAN membership<br />

relations with Germany may<br />

take an even more dynamic turn. Cooperation<br />

projects between our business<br />

communities may benefit from<br />

Timor-Leste’s share in the large<br />

ASEAN community. Above all, membership<br />

will provide the young generation<br />

of Timor-Leste with new perspectives<br />

and growing j ob -<br />

orientations.<br />

Probably, it will then gradually contribute<br />

to changing Timor-Leste’s<br />

identity towards the acceptance of a<br />

more competitive economic environment,<br />

which in turn will generate<br />

fresh inspiration for the future. I am<br />

convinced that this will suit the<br />

Timorese very well.<br />

39


Philippe Zeller<br />

40<br />

Philippe Zeller<br />

France Ambassador<br />

Strengthening the Timorese Identity<br />

T<br />

he term “Timorese identity”<br />

refers to the common elements<br />

that bind individuals<br />

who identify themselves as<br />

being citizens of the Democratic Republic<br />

of Timor-Leste. These common<br />

elements include a shared history<br />

and geography, a shared culture,<br />

such as the belief in the myth of the<br />

crocodile ancestor, the weaving of<br />

tais, the pride in one’s Uma Lulik, or<br />

the respect for religious and traditional<br />

beliefs and authorities, the<br />

shared democratic values enshrined<br />

in the constitution of the RDTL, such<br />

as social solidarity and human rights.<br />

Like all identities, the Timorese identity<br />

is not set in stone. It is based on<br />

myths and representations that<br />

evolve through time and through interactions<br />

with the rest of the world.<br />

Indeed, the Timorese identity is the<br />

product of social interactions during<br />

the pre-colonial days, but mostly during<br />

the period of Portuguese colonial<br />

rule, and during the 25 years of Indonesian<br />

occupation. Nowadays, the<br />

Timorese identity continues to evolve,<br />

through peaceful social and cultural<br />

exchanges with Timor-Leste’s<br />

neighbors in the Asia-Pacific region<br />

and beyond.<br />

Strengthening Timorese identity<br />

to build a strong nation<br />

Enthusiastic young readers at the 2010<br />

Dili book fair<br />

All countries around the world have<br />

gone through nation-building processes<br />

that aimed at better defining<br />

and strengthening their “national<br />

identity”. In Timor-Leste, belonging to<br />

family, village, and districts remain<br />

the strongest elements marking one’s<br />

identity. It is therefore important for<br />

the Timor-Leste Government to support<br />

policies aimed at strengthening<br />

national identity and unity in order to<br />

consolidate peace, and to foster a<br />

relation of trust and mutual respect<br />

between the citizens and the State.<br />

Schools, the media, civil society and<br />

the church, all have a role to play to<br />

strengthen the Timorese identity.<br />

While education is central to mold a<br />

society’s identity (particularly through<br />

the teaching of national languages,<br />

history and civic education), recreational<br />

activities, sports, and the celebration<br />

of public holidays and ceremonies<br />

are also means used to<br />

strengthen national unity.<br />

Support from the<br />

French cooperation<br />

The French Cooperation is keen to<br />

support the Government and the people<br />

of Timor-Leste in areas related to<br />

cultural preservation and the<br />

strengthening of the Timorese identity.<br />

Here are a few examples of collaborations:<br />

“Istoria Timor-Leste Nian”<br />

«42 000 d’histoire de Timor-Est»<br />

or «Istoria Timor-Leste Nian»<br />

The French cooperation supported<br />

the publication in 2010 of a concise<br />

bilingual Tetun/Portuguese book on<br />

the 42 000 years of history of Timor-<br />

Leste, written by Dr. Frédéric Durand.<br />

The objective book is to provide the<br />

Timorese public, young people in particular,<br />

with a tool to better know and<br />

understand their country’s history.<br />

This book also aims at supporting the<br />

Government of Timor-Leste in developing<br />

teaching resources, adapted to<br />

the local context and needs, and written<br />

in the national languages, that<br />

can be used by teachers around the<br />

country.<br />

Preserving audiovisual archives<br />

of historical value<br />

As part of collaboration between the<br />

Institut National de l’Audiovisuel and<br />

the Centro Audiovisual Max Stahl<br />

Timor-Leste, The French cooperation<br />

is supporting the preservation of<br />

audiovisual archives that record important<br />

recent historical moments,<br />

such as the Santa Cruz massacre,<br />

the resistance to the occupation, independence,<br />

peace and reconciliation,<br />

reconstruction and development<br />

of Timor-Leste. The aim of this project<br />

is to ensure that this documen-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

tary heritage is preserved so that it<br />

can be seen by future generations<br />

and used for education and research.<br />

This collaboration aims at making<br />

these images accessible to viewers<br />

around the world so that they can<br />

learn about Timor-Leste’s history and<br />

culture.<br />

Preservation of audiovisual footage<br />

by the CAAMSTL’s team © Max Stahl<br />

Remembering the sacrifice of the<br />

national liberation veterans<br />

In his famous essay “What is a Nation”,<br />

the French theorist Ernest<br />

Renan explained that “the nation, like<br />

the individual, is the culmination of a<br />

long past of endeavours, sacrifice,<br />

and devotion...To have common glories<br />

in the past and to have a common<br />

will in the present; to have performed<br />

great deeds together, to wish<br />

to perform still more-these are the<br />

essential conditions for being a people.”<br />

Paying homage to those who<br />

sacrificed their lives for the struggle<br />

for national liberation is also important<br />

to strengthen national identity.<br />

The French cooperation supported<br />

the State Secretariat for Veterans in<br />

developing a policy on memory preservation<br />

and valorization of the contri-<br />

Group of Falintil fighters<br />

in 1994 © DRT- AMRT<br />

bution of national liberation veterans.<br />

The above mentioned projects illustrate<br />

some modest contributions by<br />

the French Cooperation to the very<br />

important process of strengthening<br />

the Timorese identity.<br />

Viva Timor-Leste.


Philippe Zeller<br />

Gladcya Félix<br />

Prof. Cooperação Brasileira<br />

Timor, país,<br />

tem muitas línguas<br />

U<br />

ma economia crescente a<br />

olhos vistos como a de Timor-Leste<br />

periga a logo,<br />

logo perder parte relevante<br />

de seu patrimônio cultural.<br />

Segundo a Unesco, metade das línguas<br />

do mundo desaparecerá até o<br />

final deste século.<br />

Diversos países desenvolvidos passaram<br />

a reconhecer o “extermínio<br />

lingüístico” praticado ao longo dos<br />

séculos.<br />

Timor-Leste, jovem país que passa<br />

pela terceira reconstrução, também<br />

desperta para a importância das<br />

línguas na cultura de seu povo.<br />

O concurso nacional de poesias, histórias<br />

e cantigas Ha’u nia Lian, Ha’u<br />

nia Rai apoiado pelo Presidente da<br />

República, Sr. José Ramos Horta, e<br />

pela Embaixadora da Boa Vontade<br />

para a Educação, Sra. Kirsty Sword<br />

Gusmão, é o primeiro passo rumo a<br />

autêntica expressão da diversidade<br />

timorense.<br />

Mais de 20 línguas e dialetos de Timor-Leste<br />

estão hoje ameaçados<br />

pelo sistema econômico desregrado.<br />

No mundo, 96% das línguas são faladas<br />

por menos de 5% de seus habitantes.<br />

Inseridas em um capitalismo veloz e<br />

massificador, não é difícil perceber<br />

que as muitas minorias de Timor-<br />

Leste estão correndo o risco de serem<br />

silenciadas.<br />

Os países têm a necessidade de estabelecer<br />

línguas como oficiais, contudo<br />

não é este caráter que determina<br />

a existência ou não de um<br />

idioma.<br />

Como patrimônio cultural, todas precisam,<br />

sendo este o desejo das comunidades<br />

de falantes, ser apoiadas<br />

pelo Estado enquanto símbolo identitário.<br />

Todas as línguas precisam ser respeitadas,<br />

porque os seus falantes<br />

têm direito a liberdade.<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

Quando se fala em sustentabilidade, o que vem primeiro à cabeça são assuntos do meio<br />

ambiente, mas o termo também é aplicável à política de preservação das línguas mundiais.<br />

Através da prática da oralidade e da<br />

escrita, nenhuma língua é esquecida,<br />

e a cultura da terra natal, com todo o<br />

seu imaginário e ciência transformados<br />

em palavra, poderá expressar<br />

a visão de mundo que tem cada<br />

povo. Para um Timor-Leste linguisticamente<br />

sustentável, os seus precisam<br />

gostar de koalia português, tétum,<br />

mambae, makasai, bunak, baiqueno,<br />

kêmak, fataluku, tocodede,<br />

uaimoa, tétum teric, galóli...<br />

41


P<br />

alavra ASEAN ita ronan beik<br />

-beik, e wainhira ita koalia<br />

konan ba rai sira nebe besik<br />

Timor ba iha tasi feto nian,<br />

hanesan Indonesia, Malasia, Singapura,<br />

nst, povu iha rai hirak ne sei<br />

familiar ho termu ida ne’e, tam ba sira<br />

maka sai nudar knua ba organizasaun<br />

regional ne’e.<br />

Ba Timor-Leste, ASEAN ofisialmente<br />

tama iha vokabuklariu politku iha<br />

2002/2003, wainhira Dr. José Ramos<br />

-Horta nudar Ministro Negosios Estrangeirus<br />

hahu prosesu Timor-Leste<br />

atu tama ASEAN.<br />

Ikus mai ita estabelese Sekretariadu<br />

ASEAN iha Ministeriu Negosius<br />

Estrangeirus atu trata asuntu ida<br />

ne’e. Iha 2006 Timor-Leste tama iha<br />

Asean Regional Forum no iha 2007<br />

asina Treaty of Amity and Cooperationin<br />

Souteast Asia. Pasus hirak<br />

ne’e hatudu interse estrategiku nebe<br />

Timor-Leste iha atu bele sai membru<br />

ASEAN, maibe ita nia interesse estrategiku<br />

ne’e seidauk traduz ba iha<br />

enquadramento sistematiku iha ita<br />

nia planeamento nasional, buat nebe<br />

ita tenki rezolve lalais atu bele lori<br />

agenda ne ba oin.<br />

Karik ita dalan barak maka husu,<br />

saida maka ASEAN, tamba sa maka<br />

Timor-Leste presiza konsidera ou ka<br />

fo importansia ba organizasaun ne’e?<br />

ASEAN ne nudar organizasaun ida<br />

nebe rai lima, hanesan Indonesia,<br />

Singapura, Malasia, Thailandia non<br />

Filipinas hari iha 08 Agostu 1967 liu<br />

husi deklarasaun ida nebe sira bolu<br />

“Bangkok Deklaration”. Iha tempu<br />

nebe ukun nain husi rai lima ne’e ha-<br />

42<br />

Hernani Coelho<br />

Xefe Gabinete Adjunto - PR<br />

re katak iha nesesidade ida atu sira<br />

servisu hamutuk lori atinji sira nia<br />

objektivu komum iha areas hanesan<br />

desenvolvimentu ekonomiku sosial,<br />

paz no estabilidade, komersiu no koperasaun<br />

teknika, buat nebe sira fiar<br />

katak sei hetan resultadu diak se sira<br />

servisu hamutuk lori fo forsa ba malu<br />

atu nune bele servisu hikas ho organizasaun<br />

regional seluk nudar bloku<br />

ida. Husi ne’e ita bele hare importansia<br />

estrategiku ida nebe sira hili liu<br />

husi koperasaun mutuo entre paises<br />

vizinhus atu atinji objektivu komum<br />

nebe rai sira ne iha. Konseitu halibur<br />

hamutuk no servisu hamutuk husi rai<br />

sira nebe lokaliza iha area gegraifika<br />

ida, hetan forma makas depois de<br />

segunda guera mundial, no mos ho<br />

impaktu husi Guerra Fria nebe fahe<br />

mundu ba bloku leste non oeste.<br />

Ikus mai paises seluk nebe iha<br />

regiauan nebe ema bolu Souteast<br />

Asia hanesan Vietnam, Laos Kanbodja,<br />

Brunei non Myanmar mos adere<br />

ta’an hodi forma grupu rai 10 nian.<br />

Paises sanulu ne hamutuk sai nudar<br />

bloku ida ho ema besik 600 milhoens<br />

ho GDP mais ou menos US$ 1,500<br />

bilioens (presu korente 2009) tuir<br />

dadus statistika ASEAN nian.<br />

Kompara ho Timor-Leste nebe iha<br />

pupulasaun mais ou menos 1<br />

milhaun ho GDP US$ 0,6 bilioens.<br />

Ne’e sai nudar potensia ekonomika<br />

regional ho estrutura no karateristikas<br />

teknikas nebe besik atu hanesan ho<br />

Timor i iha kedas Timor nia odamatan<br />

oin.<br />

Buat ida ke importante ba ita atu<br />

hatene mo’os katak ASEAN funsiona<br />

iha prinsipiu de respeito mútuo, resolusaun<br />

disputa liu husu meios<br />

pasifikus, respeitu integridade nasional<br />

no atu hakotun lian sei liu husi<br />

kosulta non konsensu, buat nebe importante<br />

ba membrus sira nebe kiik<br />

eh ka ekonomikamente ladun forte.<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Parseiru ba Dezenvolvimentu<br />

Nudar organizasaun ida nebe lokaliza<br />

iha regiaun ho kresimentu ekonomiku<br />

no demografiku nebe bo’ot, rai sira<br />

husi europa, amerika no oseania iha<br />

interese makas atu bele kopera ho<br />

organizasaun ida ne’e, laos deit<br />

tamba nia potensialidade merkadu<br />

non rekursus maibe mo’os ba oportunidade<br />

atu mobiliza sira nia partisipasaun<br />

atu promove paz, estabilidade,<br />

luta hasoru terorismu, luta hasoru<br />

krimes transnasionais no buat seluk<br />

ta’an.<br />

Timor-Leste nudar pais foun nebe<br />

geografikamente tama iha radius<br />

geografiku ASEAN nian hetan aseitasaun<br />

diak husi membru ASEAN tomak<br />

atu bele tama iha organizasaun<br />

ne. Paises membros sira mos loke<br />

dalan ba atu simu membru foun ho<br />

revisaun ASEAN Charter iha 2007<br />

nebe iha Artigo-6 koalia konan ba<br />

admisaun membru foun nefe fo interpretasaun<br />

katak ASEAN laos limitado<br />

ba membrus nain 10 deit onan. Iha<br />

okasiaun barak nebe membru<br />

ASEAN sira hatudu sira nia vontadae<br />

atu simu Timor nudar membru, membru<br />

balun, hanesan Indonesia, até<br />

involve onan iha aktividades pratikus<br />

lori fo tulun ba Timor atu bele sai<br />

membru ASEAN.<br />

Agora disizaun iha ita nia liman se ita<br />

hakarak lao ba oin lalais e ka lae.<br />

Timor-Leste tenki hatene aproveita<br />

oportunidade no meios sira nebe iha<br />

atu bele konso-lida no desenvolve<br />

aan. Konan ba ASEAN ita presiza<br />

toma em konsi-derasaun visaun<br />

estrategiku nebe ASEAN iha, liu-liu<br />

ho desizaun ASEAN atu estabelese<br />

Komunidade ASEAN iha tinan 2015<br />

ho pilares tolu nebe kobre area<br />

hanesan politka non seguransa, ekonomia<br />

no sosio-kultural. Area sira ne<br />

hotu, wainhira halao tuir plano nebe<br />

iha sei iha im-paktu bo’ot ba Timor-<br />

Leste nia futuru.


O<br />

Presidente da República,<br />

Dr. José Ramos-Horta, distinguiu<br />

os nomeados para<br />

a categoria de Direitos Sociais,<br />

Económicos de Culturais da III<br />

Edição do Prémio Direitos Humanos<br />

“Sérgio Vieira de Mello” 2010.<br />

No 19/o aniversário do Massacre de Sta.<br />

Cruz o PR exortou a juventude a estudar e<br />

contribuir para desenvolver o país<br />

GRADUASAUN<br />

BA ESTUDANTES TLBSPT<br />

T ersa<br />

feira loron 9 fulan Novembru<br />

2010, iha Kolegio<br />

Fatumaka, Prezidente Republika<br />

Dr. Jose Ramos-Horta<br />

intrega sertifikadu ba graduantes nain<br />

97 husi eskola Tekniku Profesional<br />

(ETP) Don Bosco Fatumaka<br />

no Komoro, iha seremonia graduasaun<br />

ne’ebe halao iha Kolegio Salesiano<br />

Fatumaka , Baucau liu husi<br />

programa Timor Leste Basic Skills<br />

Training Program (TLBSTP).<br />

III Edição do Prémio Direitos Humanos “Sérgio Vieira de Mello”<br />

Foram os seguintes: Simone Barbosa<br />

de Assis/Projecto Casa Vida, HIAM-<br />

Health, Hope Family Community, Escola<br />

Primária e Jardim de Infância<br />

Maria Auxiliadora, Orfanato Santa<br />

Bakhita e Soraya Vieira Nepomuceno/Escola<br />

Pré-Primária Arca Infantil.<br />

O Dr.Ramos-Horta abriu o Festival da<br />

Cultura, iniciativa da S.E. da Cultura<br />

realizada entre 25 e 28 de Novembro<br />

Xefe Estadu iha nia intervensaun molok<br />

fahe sertifikadu ba garaduadu<br />

sira, hato’o parabens no husu ba<br />

graduadu sira atu hatudu abilidade)<br />

ne’ebe hetan ona durante iha kursu<br />

laran hodi uja di-diak ba iha servisu<br />

fatin ho badinas, labele baruk<br />

servisu, muda mentalidade, nune’e<br />

bele halo konkorensia ho trabalhadores<br />

husi rai seluk, tamba se lae<br />

tinan ba tinan tarabalhadores husi liur<br />

maka domina iha area konstruksaun<br />

hotu-hotu.<br />

Lauradu Nobel da Paz hatutan, Timor<br />

oan tenki halakon ona mentalidade<br />

baruk, hanesan servisu oituan tur<br />

mak barak, tamba kompania sira<br />

wainhira atu uja trabalhador dala uluk<br />

sira sei hare trabalhador nia abilidade<br />

no komitimentu ba servisu iha ka lae.<br />

Maske nune’e Xefe Estadu senti haksolok<br />

ho seremonia graduasaun refere<br />

tamba bele aumenta Timor oan<br />

sira nia abilidade, no nudar Xefe Estadu<br />

nia fo apoiu maxima ba programa<br />

vocasional ne’e, ne’ebe organiza<br />

husi misaun Salesiano sira i husu<br />

atu kontinua lao.<br />

Iha biban ne’e mos Xefe Estadu husu<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Lokal<br />

Na edição deste ano não foi atribuído<br />

o prémio na categoria de Direitos Civis<br />

e Políticos por falta de candidatura.<br />

George Junus Aditjondro (Indonesia)<br />

foi agraciado com a Insígnia da<br />

Ordem de Timor-Leste.<br />

No 35/o aniversário da Independência o<br />

PR atribuiu Insígnias ao Grupo Esperança,<br />

NRC e Cooperação Espanhola<br />

ba doadores sira atu kontinua apoiu<br />

ba inisiativa ne’ebe mai husi Salesiano<br />

sira atu nune’e bele aumenta<br />

numeru Timor oan sira iha parte abilidade<br />

baziku ba area konstrusaun.<br />

Ramos-Horta hodi Estadu nia naran<br />

agardese ba governu Australianu liuliu<br />

governu Australia do Sul ne’ebe fo<br />

apoia makas ba programa refere inklui<br />

mos agensia programa espanhola<br />

iha Timor Leste.<br />

Estudantes nai’n 97 ne’ebe simu graduasaun,<br />

sira durante fulan 6 hetan<br />

treinamentu abilidade baziku ba area<br />

konstrusaun iha ETP Dom Bosco<br />

Fatumaka no Komoro, ne’ebe hetan<br />

terinu husi programa Treinamentu<br />

Abilidade Baziku ka T-L Ba-sic Skills<br />

Training Program (TLBSTP), ho hetan<br />

tulun husi Governu Australianu<br />

liu husi governu Australia do sul, Austraining,<br />

ETP Don Bosco no<br />

SEFOPE. Iha seremonia agraduasaun<br />

ne hetan mos prezensa husi<br />

SEFOPE Bendito Feritas.<br />

Reprezentante governu Australia do<br />

Sul, Padre Pronvincial Salesiano Timor<br />

no Indonesia, Treinadores no<br />

graduantes sira.<br />

43


44<br />

Kirsty Sword-Gusmão<br />

Prezidente Fundasaun Alola<br />

World Breastfeeding<br />

Alola Foundation’s Maternal and<br />

Child Health Program, in partnership<br />

with the Ministry of Health, celebrated<br />

World Breastfeeding Day for an entire<br />

month from August 2 – 31 across 10<br />

districts in Timor-Leste.<br />

Maria Imaculada Guterres, coordinator<br />

of the overall program activities<br />

said that upon the advice of the Ministry<br />

of Health, breastfeeding day was<br />

celebrated throughout the month with<br />

the theme: ‘Only Mothers’ breast milk<br />

– milk can protect children from illness<br />

and supports good development<br />

and growth.’<br />

Alola Foundation implemented the<br />

program activities in 10 districts: Dili,<br />

Ainaro, Aileu, Bauca, Viqueque,<br />

Manatutu, Ermera, Liquisa, Oecusse<br />

and Lautem and conducted the following<br />

activities: a health quiz, a<br />

healthy baby contest, community discussions<br />

and a film about breastfeeding.<br />

During the celebration, the Alola<br />

foundation distributed prizes to the<br />

winners of the quiz and the competition<br />

for healthy babies aged from 6<br />

months to two years. In order to win,<br />

Macu Guterres said, ‘babies should<br />

Alola's Most Recent Activities<br />

meet the following criteria: the baby<br />

should exclusively breastfeed for the<br />

first 6 months, ad continue to breastfeed<br />

up to two years or more, should<br />

complete immunization according to<br />

the age of the baby, the baby should<br />

be weighed every month and consistently<br />

increased weight, should have<br />

good personal hygiene and lastly, the<br />

baby should be born in one of the<br />

health facilities. Macu Guterres said<br />

the promotional activities for breastfeeding<br />

were headed by Alola Foundation,<br />

and would soon be extended<br />

from 10 districts to 13 districts. The<br />

week-long World Breastfeeding Celebrations<br />

in Dili District were held in 4<br />

areas – Aituri Laran, Beto Bebonuk,<br />

Aimutin and Becora. A DHS study<br />

undertaken in 2010 indicated that<br />

babies who are exclusively breastfed<br />

until the age of 6 months has increased<br />

to 52%.<br />

Workshop on Sexual and<br />

Reproductive Health<br />

Alola Foundation worked together<br />

with Marie Stopes International (MSI)<br />

to organise a workshop sexual and<br />

reproductive health rights in the Maliana,<br />

Baucau and Dili districts.<br />

Joanica Olivieira, District Support<br />

Program Coordinator said the objective<br />

of the workshops is to increase<br />

the capacity of, and raise awareness<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Lokal<br />

Here are the most recent activities for Fundasaun Alola's on Education, Advocacy,<br />

Economic Development, and Maternal and Child Health Programs<br />

The babies who won the<br />

health baby competition during<br />

breastfeeding week receive their prizes<br />

Competition judges consider the<br />

applicants in the<br />

healthy baby competition<br />

among, the staff of Alola Foundation<br />

and MSI, their partners, and women’s<br />

organisations who are actively promoting<br />

reproductive and sexual<br />

health.<br />

Facilitator explaining sexual reproductive<br />

health rights to participants<br />

He said that international human<br />

rights laws relating to access to information<br />

and health facilities were discussed,<br />

as well as those relating to<br />

sexual and reproductive health, the<br />

International Convention on the Elimination<br />

of All Forms of Discrimination<br />

Against Women (CEDAW). The International<br />

Conference on Population<br />

and Development (ICPD), the Universal<br />

Declaration on Human Rights ad<br />

Millennium Development Goals 3, 4,<br />

5 and 6. Moreover, the workshops<br />

also talked about the national strategies<br />

and Timor Leste policies on sexual<br />

and reproductive health for youth,<br />

reproductive health options, and maternal<br />

health.<br />

The workshops had the full participation<br />

of staff from Alola Foundation,<br />

Marie Stopes International, CEDAW<br />

Committee Members, members of<br />

Rede Feto, FONGTIL and others.<br />

Eileen Kelly and Mario de Araujo cofacilitated<br />

the workshop with Alola<br />

Advocacy Staff.<br />

Joanica said the joint program with<br />

MSI would continue in the Ainaro and<br />

Viqueque districts to promote sexual<br />

and reproductive rights through dissemination<br />

of information and community<br />

discussion.


Savings and Credit<br />

Alola Foundation’s Economic Development<br />

Program facilitated Capacity<br />

Building to Alola groups in the districts<br />

on how to save and provide<br />

credit.<br />

Jorge explains how to complete an income<br />

form while participants practice bookkeeping<br />

procedures during Alola’s training<br />

The Alola group that took part in the<br />

training was comprised of people that<br />

come from 9 districts – Viqueque,<br />

Lospalos, Baucau, Manatuto, Ermera,<br />

Liquica, Maliana, Suai and Oecusse.<br />

Jaquelina Maria de Fatima Ximenes,<br />

activity coordinator, said the training<br />

was organised for Alola groups in the<br />

districts with the objective to assist<br />

these groups on how to manage and<br />

undertake budget planning.<br />

“We organised the training to provide<br />

knowledge for members on how to<br />

give credit to group members and<br />

how the group can make use of that<br />

money the donors have given”, said<br />

Jaquelina.<br />

The districts that already organised<br />

this program on savings and credit<br />

are Viqueque, Lospalos, Baucau,<br />

Manatuto, Ermera and Liquisa.<br />

The districts of Suai, Maliana and<br />

Oecusse will soon be organised.<br />

Each district has three groups.<br />

A total of 30 group members from<br />

each district participated in the train-<br />

ing. The groups that attended were<br />

given a small amount of money.<br />

This money serves to continue their<br />

saving activities and granting of credit<br />

in order to keep their program activities<br />

alive and generate profit in the<br />

future.<br />

Pre-Primary Teachers undertake numeracy<br />

activities using platicine during Alola’s<br />

Pre-Primary Teacher Training<br />

Eva, on of the participants, acknowledged<br />

Alola Foundation for its effort<br />

to facilitate this kind of training and<br />

sustain groups’ activities.<br />

Teachers Training<br />

Alola Foundation’s Education and<br />

Literacy Program provided training<br />

to21 pre-primary teachers on Unit<br />

107: Professionalism for Teachers<br />

and 109: Developing Arts in the<br />

Classroom. Ema Freitas, coordinator<br />

for this activity said the training was<br />

based on education programs from<br />

Alola Foundation in collaboration with<br />

the Ministry of Education and supported<br />

by Conoco Phillips. Alola undertook<br />

an assessment of 15 new<br />

teachers from the districts from 12<br />

different schools. This is the third<br />

time the training has been implemented.<br />

The Education Team substitute<br />

teachers for those who could not<br />

otherwise participate in the week of<br />

training without interrupting their<br />

teaching schedule. Alola’s teams pre-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Lokal<br />

pare the lesson plans according to<br />

the training themes and in line with<br />

pre-primary school curriculum. The<br />

training was formally opened and<br />

closed by Mr. Alfonso, delegate of the<br />

Director of Region II, and who also<br />

distributed certificates to participants.<br />

Teachers prepare lesson plans based on<br />

the new skills acquired<br />

during their training<br />

Mr Alfonso said the objective of the<br />

training is to increase the capacity of<br />

teachers to become more professional<br />

educators in schools and<br />

within the community. He said it is<br />

important that teachers consider<br />

which roles are effective at creating<br />

better learning nd that they follow the<br />

instructions given n good learning<br />

processes.<br />

The training prompted teachers on<br />

the importance of lesson-planning,<br />

allowed them to share experiences<br />

with other teachers including the<br />

challenges they face and management<br />

strategies.<br />

The training also provides an opportunity<br />

to consider the traditional learning<br />

processes of the past, and the<br />

current learning processes in which<br />

we do not use violence against children.<br />

The teachers were happy with<br />

and appreciative of the training provided<br />

by Alola Foundation, which allowed<br />

them to reflect on their responsibilities<br />

as teachers and role models<br />

for students.<br />

45


com um sentimento de justi-<br />

É<br />

ficado orgulho que me junto a<br />

vós esta manhã para presidir<br />

à imposição das boinas aos<br />

militares do 1º Destacamento de Fuzileiros<br />

Navais do país e à graduação<br />

do 2º Curso de Especialidade de<br />

Marinha da componente naval das F-<br />

FDTL.<br />

Ver erguer a nossa componente<br />

naval e assistir à formação, gradual<br />

mas segura, dos seus recursos humanos<br />

– os homens e mulheres<br />

preparados para servir na protecção<br />

do nosso vasto território marítimo –<br />

enche-me de satisfação. É um sinal<br />

positivo da capacidade de planear e<br />

realizar do país, do Estado e das F-<br />

FDTL.<br />

A entrada em funções, pela primeira<br />

vez, de um corpo nacional de tropas<br />

especiais, como os fuzileiros navais,<br />

é também motivo de satisfação. Num<br />

mundo moderno e globalizado caracterizado<br />

por ameaças às vezes difíceis<br />

de prever, corpos de tropas com<br />

preparação especial, como os fuzileiros<br />

navais, são uma capacidade<br />

importante das forças de Defesa.<br />

O mar é um factor cada vez mais importante<br />

na formulação da nossa<br />

estratégia como país.<br />

Em primeiro lugar, porque uma grande<br />

parte do nosso território está no<br />

mar.<br />

Em segundo lugar porque no mar<br />

está uma grande parte da riqueza do<br />

país. Todos temos presente o petróleo<br />

ou o gás.<br />

Mas devemos recordar igualmente a<br />

beleza coralífera, com o seu potencial<br />

turístico, a riqueza piscícola, com<br />

o potencial de melhoria da vida dos<br />

nossos pescadores, e a abundância<br />

de nódulos polimetálicos, com o seu<br />

potencial exportador de minerais.<br />

Esta riqueza tem também os seus<br />

custos, para garantir a segurança e<br />

prevenir o risco da sua perturbação.<br />

O mar é uma enorme fronteira que<br />

nos liga aos nossos vizinhos, nos<br />

aproxima dos outros povos e nos faculta<br />

uma importante via de comunicação<br />

com o resto do mundo e, em<br />

particular, com a nossa região.<br />

Os estreitos de grande profundidade<br />

que aqui existem conferem adicional<br />

relevância estratégica ao nosso mar.<br />

O nosso país – como país pacífico e<br />

defensor da estabilidade e harmonia<br />

regional e internacional – assumiu<br />

compromissos internacionais importantes<br />

para a segurança regional e<br />

para a nossa segurança como Nação.<br />

Destes compromissos nascem<br />

várias prioridades, quanto à protec-<br />

46<br />

Dr.J.Ramos-Horta<br />

Presidente da República<br />

ção do nosso mar. Por exemplo, prevenir<br />

e, se necessário, reprimir a sua<br />

utilização pela criminalidade internacional,<br />

em particular impedir a sua<br />

utilização por redes de tráfico de mulheres<br />

ou outros imigrantes ilegais;<br />

impedir a sua utilização pela pirataria<br />

ou o terrorismo; prevenir a pilhagem<br />

dos nossos recursos e promover a<br />

protecção ambiental e a utilização<br />

sustentada dos recursos do mar. As<br />

actividades de pesca ilegal, por<br />

exemplo, retiram presentemente ao<br />

nosso país receitas no valor de 35<br />

milhões de dólares por ano.<br />

São responsabilidades importantes,<br />

estas, que em parte assentam também<br />

nos ombros dos militares da<br />

Componente Naval.<br />

É necessário grande profissionalismo,<br />

formação técnica, rigor, disciplina<br />

e vontade de servir para estar à<br />

altura de cumprir estas responsabilidades<br />

que o país vos pede.<br />

Apelo ao vosso sentido de honra e<br />

ao vosso espírito de militares, para<br />

desempenharem sempre as vossas<br />

missões com disciplina, profissionalismo,<br />

e espírito de serviço à comunidade,<br />

ao povo e ao país.<br />

A Componente Naval só foi possível,<br />

no seu início, em 2001, devido à<br />

assistência amiga e desinteressada<br />

de Portugal. Foi também com o apoio<br />

de Portugal que formámos os seus<br />

efectivos, incluindo o seu quadro de<br />

oficiais superiores, que beneficiaram<br />

de formação altamente especializada,<br />

própria de uma marinha moderna<br />

e avançada.<br />

E hoje é com a importante participação<br />

de militares da Armada Portuguesa<br />

que a vossa formação foi realizada.<br />

A amizade desinteressada de Portugal<br />

e a importância atribuída às nossas<br />

relações fraternais é testemunhada<br />

pela visita que, nesta data,<br />

fazem ao nosso país o senhor Almirante<br />

Fernando Melo Gomes, Chefe<br />

de Estado Maior da Armada Portuguesa<br />

e o senhor Contra Almirante<br />

Silva Ribeiro, Subchefe do mesmo<br />

Estado Maior, bem como pela visita<br />

que nos faz o navio-escola Sagres,<br />

navio-emblema e embaixador de<br />

Portugal nos mares.<br />

Através do Senhor Almirante Melo<br />

Gomes quero agradecer a toda a<br />

Armada Portuguesa a dedicação que<br />

nos tem manifestado. Saúdo em<br />

especial os oficiais que nos ajudam a<br />

realizar o plano de formação das F-<br />

FDTL.<br />

Saúdo também o senhor Capitão de<br />

Fragata, Proença Mendes, comandante<br />

do navio Sagres, a quem dou<br />

as boas vindas.<br />

Através do senhor Embaixador de<br />

Portugal, Luís Barreira de Sousa,<br />

transmito ao Governo e ao Povo de<br />

Portugal o reconhecimento reiterado<br />

de Timor-Leste pelo apoio amigo que<br />

nos têm dado.<br />

Ao Senhor Genaral Taur Matan<br />

Ruak, Chefe do Estado Maior General<br />

das F-FDTL dou os meus parabéns<br />

e o meu abraço fraterno, pelo<br />

grande trabalho de renovação e desenvolvimento<br />

das F-FDTL, de que<br />

estas unidades da componente naval<br />

são exemplo. Peço ao irmão Taur<br />

que transmita a todos os militares<br />

das F-FDTL o reconhecimento e o<br />

apreço do Comandante-Chefe das<br />

Forças Armadas.<br />

A todos Muito Obrigado.<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Defeza<br />

Discurso por ocasião da imposição das boinas aos militares do 1º Destacamento de Fuzileiros Navais<br />

e da graduação do 2º Curso de Especialidade de Marinha da Componente Naval das F-FDTL<br />

Porto de Díli, 17 de Setembro de 2010


Maria Domingas Alves<br />

Ministra da Solidariedade Social<br />

A Solidariedade Social<br />

na Identidade Timorense<br />

A<br />

solidariedade social enquanto<br />

dimensão da identidade<br />

timorense foi sendo<br />

transmitida de geração em<br />

geração e veiculada nos hábitos e<br />

costumes rústicos do Povo de Timor-<br />

Leste. Grandes marcos na história timorense<br />

contribuíram para este Valor,<br />

desde as relíquias da Monarquia<br />

dos chamados ”Liurais”, à presença<br />

secular dos portugueses trazendo<br />

consigo a cristianização e com ela<br />

uma espiritualidade e moralidade assente<br />

no amor pelo próximo, o saber<br />

perdoar e pagar o bem pelo mal.<br />

Mais recentemente, todo o processo<br />

da Resistência Timorense vem denunciar<br />

a importância decisiva da<br />

mobilização de redes de entreajuda<br />

na concretização do grande objectivo<br />

da independência de Timor-Leste.<br />

Todas essas travessias cimentaram<br />

profundamente os valores de solidariedade<br />

entre os timorenses contribuindo<br />

para a coesão social.<br />

Nos dias de hoje, na nossa sociedade<br />

continuamos a observar a importância<br />

da solidariedade e reciprocidade<br />

assente nos laços de parentesco,<br />

na produção de bem-estar das<br />

famílias, quer na vivência do nosso<br />

dia-a-dia quer na celebração dos<br />

momentos importantes e ritualizados<br />

do ciclo da vida do timorense -<br />

nascimento, casamento e morte.<br />

Timor-Leste enquanto Nação independente<br />

continua a preconizar o<br />

valor da solidariedade em todas as<br />

esferas da vida social, reflectindo-o<br />

na edificação do Estado. É neste<br />

sentido que faz uma opção política,<br />

clara, por um Estado Social, onde as<br />

politicas sociais são autónomas e<br />

estão mobilizadas para a promoção<br />

da cidadania, indo a par, e não a<br />

reboque, das politicas económicas.<br />

Esta determinação, mais uma vez,<br />

coloca Timor-Leste numa posição de<br />

destaque no contexto regional do<br />

sudeste asiático. Não será isto<br />

também uma forma de identidade?<br />

Enformado na doutrina da Constituição<br />

da República Democrática de Timor-Leste<br />

que determina que todos<br />

os cidadãos têm direito à segurança<br />

e à assistência social, o IV Governo<br />

Constitucional criou, através do Decreto-Lei<br />

no 7/2007, de 5 de Setembro,<br />

o Ministério da Solidariedade Social<br />

(MSS). O MSS é a instituição governamental<br />

que tem a responsabilidade<br />

da concepção, execução, coordenação<br />

e avaliação da política definida<br />

e aprovada pelo Conselho de<br />

Ministros nas áreas de segurança<br />

social, assistência social, gestão de<br />

desastres e dos combatentes da<br />

libertação nacional.<br />

Na prossecução desta missão o MSS<br />

tem vindo a desenvolver um conjunto<br />

de medidas de politica social no<br />

quadro da Protecção Social, no<br />

sentido de promover e garantir os<br />

direitos de cidadania da população<br />

timorense. Alguns exemplos destas<br />

medidas são o subsídio universal de<br />

apoio a idosos e pessoas com<br />

invalidez, programa "bolsa mãe" e,<br />

com uma componente de reconheci-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Politika<br />

mento e valorização, as pensões dos<br />

veteranos. Estas politicas e programas<br />

assentam, entre outros, em princípios<br />

de universalidade, igualdade,<br />

equidade, solidariedade e complementaridade<br />

social.<br />

O princípio da solidariedade materializa-se<br />

na criação de mecanismos de<br />

responsabilização colectiva das pessoas<br />

entre si na promoção do bemestar<br />

social e, o principio da complementaridade<br />

na articulação das diferentes<br />

formas de protecção social<br />

promovidas pelo estado e pela sociedade,<br />

promovendo a co-responsabilização<br />

social e fundando a matriz das<br />

politicas sociais como politicas públicas.<br />

O principal desafio que se coloca ao<br />

MSS é o de, simultaneamente, evitar<br />

a situação de extrema pobreza promovendo<br />

a protecção social face à<br />

vulnerabilidade, ao mesmo tempo em<br />

que progressivamente, dentro das<br />

capacidades do Estado, amplia seus<br />

objectivos para a promoção da igualdade<br />

e das oportunidades – princípio<br />

máximo sobre o qual se organizam<br />

as democracias modernas.<br />

E é neste contexto que gostaríamos<br />

de ver envolvida toda a ajuda internacional<br />

de cooperação com Timor-<br />

Leste, ancorada em valores de participação,<br />

“empowerment” e cidadania<br />

dos timorenses.<br />

Para finalizar gostaria de destacar a<br />

importância da memória colectiva<br />

comum de solidariedade que experimentamos<br />

ao longo da nossa história,<br />

como uma componente importante<br />

da identidade nacional timorense.<br />

47


D<br />

esemprego sai hanesan<br />

factor principal nebe critiku<br />

teb-tebes iha mercado trabalho<br />

timorense. Realidade<br />

hatudu taxa de desemprego nebe<br />

a’as, afecta ba sociedade husi categoria<br />

diferente, particularmente jovens.<br />

Cada tinan cerca de 15.000 jovens<br />

timorenses buka atu insere iha<br />

mercado de trabalho. Obstaculo relevante<br />

aponta ba limitação de campo<br />

de trabalho ho dificuldades atu responde<br />

necessidades hot-hotu.<br />

Barreira seluk nebe ita hasoru mak<br />

falta de mecanismo eficaz atu facilita<br />

jovens hirak ne’e ba mercado de trabalho.<br />

Problema seluk nebe joven sira defronta<br />

hatudu ba falta de expriência<br />

profissional atu actua iha qualquer ramo<br />

de actividades económicas. Iha<br />

mercado de trabalho competitivo ohin<br />

loron, oferta emprego direciona fundamentalmente<br />

ba trabalhadores<br />

qualificados.<br />

Qualificação timorense sei fraco iha<br />

aspecto ida ne’e. Mosu críticas no lamentos<br />

oi-oin husi parte empregadores<br />

ba forma serviço timor oan sira<br />

nebe la profissional, obriga empregadores<br />

fo preferência ba mão-de-obra<br />

estrangeira.<br />

Saida mak precisa atu Timor-Leste,<br />

nebe foin tama iha fase de construção<br />

nasaun nian, bele compete, liuliu<br />

iha domínio estrageiros husi rain<br />

avançado no experiente?<br />

Realidade hirak ne’e sai motivo ba<br />

preocupação governo nebe, liu husi<br />

Secretaria de Estado da Formação<br />

Profissional e Emprego (SEFOPE),<br />

buka realiza actuação concertada,<br />

consistente no relevante atu responde<br />

ba problemas ne’e.<br />

Formação capital humano orientada<br />

ba mercado trabalho constitui factor<br />

fundamentalmente indispensável no<br />

exigência incondicional atu apoia jovens<br />

sira hetan conhecimentos técnicos<br />

nebe serve nudar fundamento no<br />

aposta sira ba tama iha mercado de<br />

trabalho.<br />

Maibe, de facto, nia implementação<br />

apresenta carácter complexo nebe<br />

precisa resolve desafios hot-hotu simultâneamente.<br />

Estabelecimento no promoção Politica<br />

de Formação Profissional sai hanesan<br />

base ida nebe articula visão<br />

ba sistema formação profissional,<br />

responde ba desenvolvimento com-<br />

48<br />

Bendito Freitas<br />

Sekretariu Estadu<br />

Relevância Formação Profissional no<br />

Acesso ba Emprego iha Timor – Leste<br />

petências atu bele contribui ba empregabilidade.<br />

Criação de Estratégia Nacional de<br />

Emprego (ENE) sai mos chave indispensável,<br />

nebe enquadra iha acções<br />

conducentes ba criação emprego iha<br />

política de recursos nia laran no<br />

condições socioeconómicas.<br />

Realização política ne’e envolve fundamentalmente<br />

entidades hot-hotu,<br />

públicas no privadas, atu contribui ba<br />

geração de emprego no rendimento.<br />

Implementação política no estratégia<br />

ne’e hala’o liu husi programas no<br />

actividades SEFOPE: Intensifica redes<br />

parcerias iha area formação profissional<br />

ho sociedade civil, ONGs,<br />

intituições religiosas nebe fornece<br />

formação profissional, centros de formação<br />

no fo apoia iha nivel financeira<br />

atu reforça no hasae qualidade<br />

sira nia instituições.<br />

Qualidade nebe temi sei determina<br />

liu husi acreditação nebe realiza husi<br />

Instituto de Desenvolvimento de Mão<br />

-de-Obra (INDMO), instituição autónoma<br />

iha sob-tutela SEFOPE nian.<br />

Aspecto seluk foca ba elevação<br />

qualidade formadores nebe bele mos<br />

fo garantia ba qualidade formandos<br />

nian. Ba questão ne’e, importante teb<br />

-tebes consolida negociações ho<br />

parceiros iha rai laran no rai liur atu<br />

realiza formação ida específica tuir<br />

necessidades.<br />

Medida seluk nebe mos essencial no<br />

promoção ba empregabilidade mak<br />

realização estágios profissionais iha<br />

contexto real do trabalho, nebe concentra<br />

ba melhoria competencias técnicas,<br />

conhecimentos no experiências<br />

ba recém-formados husi centros<br />

de formação iha serviço fatin, nebe<br />

facilita no promove articulação entre<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Politika<br />

Durante ocupação estrangeira, jovens barak lakon oportunidades atu adquire estudos adequados, tan<br />

compromissos ba participação inegociável iha luta ba libertação Pátria. Hafoin atinge mehi liberdade iha<br />

1999, sira tama iha situações incertas konaba paragens ou postos nebe pretende depois de luta<br />

prolongada. Medida saida mak bele resolve?<br />

‘wainhira sai husi sitema formativo’<br />

no ‘contacto ho mundo trabalho nian’.<br />

Necessário teb-tebes criação parceria<br />

diak ho sectores públicos no privados<br />

existentes, atu bele halo<br />

processo canalização ba formandos<br />

sira.<br />

Iha contexto emprego, indispensável<br />

estabelece medidas atu acesso ba<br />

emprego hanesan realização programa<br />

mediação entre candidatos<br />

trabalhadores ho empresas, ONGs<br />

no Instituições.<br />

Forma ida diak atu empregadores<br />

sira envolve ba resolução problemas<br />

desemprego iha rai laran.<br />

Alein serviço iha rai laran, promoção<br />

mão-de-obra iha estrangeiro constitui<br />

medida ida diak nebe apoia ba empregabilidade<br />

jovens, elevação capacidade<br />

no experiências serviço no<br />

amento ba rendimento familia nian.<br />

To’o oras ne’e, 424 jovens, inclui feto<br />

45, serviço iha corea do Sul iha<br />

sector fábricas, agricultura no pescas.<br />

Maibe iha parte seluk, governo continua<br />

insentiva ba comunidade no jovens<br />

desempregados sira ba criação<br />

serviço rasik, liu husi conjunto medidas<br />

disponibilizados hanesan conjugação<br />

esforços entre instituição<br />

micro-crédito, fornecedores de formação<br />

no formação empresarial.<br />

Sei precisa nafatin criação de medidas<br />

oi-oin atu resolve problemas.<br />

Governo, liu husi SEFOPE, la husik<br />

atu reflete konaba realidade nebe envolve<br />

timor oan tomak no tenta ho<br />

esforços atu responde necessidades<br />

ho objectivo fo apoio ba comunidade,<br />

liu-liu jovens, ba concretização sira<br />

nia mehi no tau sira iha situação<br />

nebe certo.


Jorge Serrano<br />

Emprezáriu<br />

Konsolidasaun ba Kreximentu Ekonomia Sosiál<br />

N<br />

u’udar paíz emerjente ne’ebé<br />

foin moris-buras, maka<br />

Timor-Leste hamosu interese<br />

ba investimentu. Orasne’e<br />

daudaun, liuliu iha tinan-rua ikus<br />

liubá-ne’e, sai tebes atrativu hodi<br />

hamoris kuriozidade no dada broker<br />

mundiál balun ne’ebé hakarak aproveita<br />

oportunidade ne’e atu bele espande<br />

sira-nia negósiu, liuhusi modu<br />

parseria hirak-ne’ebé dala-ruma la<br />

justu. Sekundarizasaun halo ba emprezariadu<br />

nasionál ( a secundarização<br />

do empresariado nacional ) –<br />

kaer ba razaun ladauk iha esperiénsia<br />

atu bele kaer obras boot no<br />

mós alegasaun ka’ít-ho defisiénsia<br />

téknika ( alegadas deficiências técnicas<br />

) - ne’e mak erru aliás sala ne’ebé<br />

ita haree halo beibeik husi parte<br />

sira-ne’ebé mai vizita ita ho pretestu<br />

atu jera parserias. Maibé, iha area<br />

sektor obras-públikas no konstrusaun,Timor<br />

oan barak mak iha ona<br />

esperiencia mai husi tempu okupasaun<br />

Indonésia.<br />

Maske krize 2006, hamosu tiha imajem<br />

negativa kona-ba ita-nia paíz idane’e,<br />

maibé lori mós aspetus pozitivus<br />

iha klarifikasaun ba kapasidade<br />

emprezariál nasionál (clarificação da<br />

capacidade empresarial nacional).<br />

Inklui iha ne’e, lori dezafius foun ba<br />

Estadu, tanba nesesidade evidente<br />

atu avansa ba oin liu husi dezenvolvimentu<br />

nasionál, toó iha momentu<br />

ne’ebá sei estagnadu hela.<br />

Hatuur mós iha klima igualdade laran,<br />

paz polítika no partidária ba ema<br />

hotu-hotu ne’ebé mak partisipa iha<br />

Estadu nia konstrusaun. No, hasoru<br />

difikuldades ne’ebé sente tebes duni<br />

no mós hasoru dezafius ne’ebé lansa<br />

hodi koko duni kapasidade emprezarius<br />

nasionais, maka sira-nia resposta<br />

afirmativa hodi hakarak tebes<br />

korresponde. Emprezarius nasionais<br />

simu ona oportunidade ne’ebé mak<br />

Estadu no sidadaun tomak sai nu’udar<br />

sasin.<br />

Ho kualidade diák é kuran(ladun diak),<br />

obras ida-ida sira hala’o duni<br />

ona; ne’e korresponde ba kreximentu<br />

-du-investimentu iha makinaria no iha<br />

rekursus umanus:ema profisionais<br />

espesializadus (profissionais altamente<br />

especializados).<br />

Maske-nune’e, iha investimentu balun<br />

mak la hala’o tuir fluksu prátiku<br />

(nem todo o investimento gerou fluxos<br />

práticos).<br />

Iha kazus oioin ka’it-ho mau-dezempeñu<br />

hodi prejudika ninia rezultadu<br />

finál.<br />

Maibé ninia persentajem kiik hela.<br />

Resposta maka ne’e : ita bele hateten<br />

katak Governu berani taruh ka<br />

dezafia, i Governu manan ka hetan<br />

tebes duni êzitu, tanba husi ne’e bele<br />

hatene duni ona kona-ba ida-idak (sira-ne’e<br />

no sira-ne’ebá ) ninia kapasidade.<br />

Estabelese tiha ona parserias saudáveis<br />

iha nível nasionál entre emprezáriu<br />

sira, hodi multiplika kapasidade<br />

resposta ba dezafius boot no<br />

boot liu-tán iha obras boot tebetebes<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Ekonomia<br />

nu’udar prevista iha Planu Estratéjiku<br />

Dezenvolvimentu Nasionál, ne’ebé<br />

Primeiro-Ministro / maun Bot Komandante<br />

Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão<br />

rasik mak dezeňa hanesan prova hatudu<br />

duni ninia sabedoria.<br />

Se karik oras-ne’e ita hatene didiák<br />

ona sé-de’it mak iha kapasidade no<br />

sé-de’it mak laiha, loos-duni ita bele<br />

afirma katak haktuir prosesu ida-hanesan<br />

de’it, Estadu rasik mós sei liu<br />

husi prosesu amaduresimentu (o processo<br />

de amadurecimento) kona-ba<br />

kumprimentu ba ninia kompromisu tomak<br />

iha kalendárius previstus laran<br />

(o cumprimento dos seus compromissos<br />

dentro dos calendários previstos).<br />

Emprezaáriu sira atu bele korresponde<br />

hasoru nesesidades tenke avansa<br />

ho ninia kapitál rasik (capital próprio),<br />

ne’ebé bele rekorre sistematikamente<br />

ba instituisaun bankária no<br />

kontratu-de-jurus (à banca e ao contrato<br />

de juros).<br />

Tempu to’o ona atu Estadu adjudika<br />

no selu prestasaun prevista (as tranches<br />

previstas) haktuir prazu ne’ebé<br />

estabelese iha akordu. Atrazu iha<br />

pagamentu, sai faktor demolidór ne’ebé<br />

bele prejudika empreza sira-nia<br />

likidêz funsionál (liquidez funcional<br />

das empresas).<br />

Jurus ka banku nia funan aas-liu, no<br />

atrazu hamosu husi parte Estadu,<br />

bele sai fali hanesan monstru-boot<br />

ida ba hamate empreza (tornam-se<br />

monstros de aniquilamento empresarial<br />

).<br />

(pajina 50...)<br />

49


Motor ba dezenvolvimentu ekonomia<br />

nasionál mak empréstimu bankáriu,<br />

maibé banku estranjeiru sira-ne‟ebé<br />

prezente iha Timor-Leste ninia partisipasaun<br />

laek ka uitoan de‟it. Uluk-ba<br />

sira partisipa, maibé oras-neé la‟e<br />

ona, Iha inkumprimentu endémiku,<br />

husi parte emprezárius balu, hodi<br />

hamenus konfiansa ba emprezariadu.<br />

Maske-nune‟e, hotu-hotu la hanesan.<br />

Ita labele haree de‟it parte kiik oanida<br />

ba buat tomak-ida (não se pode<br />

olhar “a parte pelo todo”), tanba ne‟e<br />

mós labele iha ema balun selu fali erru<br />

é sala ema-seluk halo-ba.<br />

Interese ba ita, tenke lailais define<br />

kritériu hala‟o banku iha Timor-Leste,<br />

hamutuk ho regulamentu kona-ba ninia<br />

funsionamentu. Paíz ka nasaun<br />

ne‟ebé mak laiha banku ba hala‟o investimentu<br />

maka ninia dezenvolvimentu<br />

sei la‟o tuir ritimu ida-neineik<br />

loos. Rítimu neineik prosesu dezenvolvimentu<br />

iha nasoens / paízes frájeis,<br />

iha ne‟ebé buat hotu-hotu la‟o<br />

sabaraut de‟it, sei la ajuda aliás sei<br />

laiha proveitu ruma.<br />

Dezenvolvimentu nasionál tenke hala‟o<br />

didi‟ak ho kuidadus-akrexidus<br />

ne‟ebé adekuadu, maibé tenke hala'o<br />

beibeik ba nafatin (nunca sem se<br />

deixar de fazer).<br />

Se karik, iha tinan-tinan ikus liubáne‟e,<br />

tuir kedan krize 2006, ita hetan<br />

tiha ona esperiénsia razoável, maka<br />

iha tinan-tinan tuirmai-ne‟e ita sei<br />

hetan prestasaun no konfiansa efektiva,<br />

iha empreza sira-ne‟ebé mak<br />

aprezenta ona ninia kapasidade ezekutiva<br />

no obra kualitativa. Ita bele<br />

haree, pur ezemplu, Pacote Referendo,<br />

ne‟e fó partisipasaun ativa atu<br />

bele estimula ekonomia nasionál no<br />

hamosu kapasidades foun (no surgimento<br />

de novas capacidades).<br />

Nune‟e-mós hatudu ninia frajilidades<br />

ne‟ebé serve nu‟udar back-up ba<br />

polítika futura atu bele utiliza di‟akliután<br />

fundus.<br />

Ho Pacote Referendo (PR) ita-nia<br />

paíz hatudu no komprova tiha ona<br />

sinal-vitál balun katak tebes duni iha<br />

esperansa é fiar-métin, hodi hamosu<br />

klase-média emerjente husi pulveri-<br />

50<br />

zasaun osan públiku ne‟e ( com a<br />

pulverização de dinheiros públicos ),<br />

uitoan ba paíz tomak liu husi inisiativa<br />

emprezariál – no define loloos<br />

kedan sé-de‟it mak serbi nu‟udar aktor<br />

ba dezenvolvimentu ( quem é<br />

quem no desenvolvimento ).<br />

Oras-ne‟e la‟o daudaun ona “Pacote<br />

de Desenvolvimento Descentrali-<br />

zado” (PDD), ne‟ebé inside loloos iha<br />

distritu ida-idak no pratika fahe responsabilidade<br />

ba rejiaun no distritu<br />

hotu-hotu (põe em prática a responsabilidade<br />

regional e distrital) liuhusi<br />

administradór sira husi Distritu, Sub-<br />

Distritu to‟o ba Xefes-de-Suco no Aldeia<br />

sira-hotu.<br />

Ne‟e esperiénsia di‟ak mak rezulta<br />

husi obras ne‟ebé reali-za, hanesanmós<br />

kriasaun fokalizada ba empregu<br />

(criação focalizada de emprego).<br />

Inevitável duni nesesidade ba banku<br />

nasionál ka kapitál partisipadu (capitais<br />

participados) iha ita-nia paíz<br />

ne‟e; banku-de-investimentu sira-ne‟ebé<br />

hetan estimulu hodi suporta dezenvolvimentu<br />

nasionál Timor-Leste<br />

(estimulados ao suporte do desenvolvimento<br />

nacional de Timor-Leste) labele<br />

kontinua nafatin hein-de‟it ba<br />

boa-vontade ka bainhira laiha karik<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Ekonomia<br />

ba de‟it instituisoens bankárias ho<br />

ninia identidade la‟os nasionál (falta<br />

dela de instituições bancárias de<br />

identidade não nacional).<br />

Risku atu sai-de‟it hanesan unidadede-kréditu<br />

(unidade de crédito) ihane‟e<br />

tenke sai hanesan-de‟it ho iha<br />

paízes sira-seluk. Timor-Leste, labele<br />

serve hodi kapta de‟it “mais-valias”<br />

ne‟ebé mak la sai aplikável ba<br />

dezenvolvimentu nasionál.<br />

Jera didi‟ak rikusoin iha Timor-Leste,<br />

ne‟e signifika katak bele partilla liu<br />

husi empreendedorizmu (poder partilhar<br />

através do empreen-dedorismo).<br />

Tanba ne‟e maka atu normaliza merkadu<br />

(normalizar os mercados) no<br />

kredibiliza ka hamosu fiar-metin husi<br />

paízes seluk (credi-bilizar além-fronteiras),<br />

presiza kedan ona halo konsagrasaun<br />

leis série-ida ( consagração<br />

de uma série de leis ) no ninia<br />

implementasaun hodi bele hetan konfiansa<br />

ne‟e ( a realização de levantamentos<br />

que levem à realização da<br />

confiança ).<br />

Hateten urjente no presiza tebetebes<br />

atu paíz ne‟e bele hatene didi‟ak<br />

sáida mak nu‟udar ninian iha nível<br />

patrimóniu no bele hatene didi‟ak<br />

mós sá-loos mak nuúdar domíniu<br />

Estadu nian no sá-loos mak nu‟udar<br />

domíniu privadu nian (consiga<br />

descortinar o que é do domínio do<br />

Estado e do domínio pri-vado).<br />

Lei kona-ba Rai (a Lei da Ter-ra)<br />

tenke akompaňa kedas hamu-tuk ho<br />

levantamentu kadastrál (levantamento<br />

cadastral imediato), servisu<br />

ida-ne‟ebé presiza kedan tinan barak<br />

atu bele realiza. Hala‟o tiha ona<br />

levantamentu ida-ne„e mak foin bele<br />

avansa ho garan-tia reál ba banku<br />

investimentu nian, no hala‟o hamutuk<br />

ho parseirus es-tratéjikus rejionais no<br />

supra-rejionais. Seidauk bele avansa<br />

iha investi-mentu nasionál bainhira<br />

seidauk halo regularizasaun ba informasaun<br />

ka-dastrál aktualizada (a regularização<br />

da informação cadastral<br />

estar actualizada).


Paíz ida-ne’e iha “mais-valias” ne’ebé<br />

ita-hotu hatene.<br />

Iha modelu-de-dezenvolvimentu emprezariál<br />

balun mak tenke fó apoiu no<br />

estimula emprezárius nasionais.<br />

Iha área telekomunikasaun, ezemplu<br />

ne’ebé Estadu hala’o hodi hatuur Timor<br />

Telecom, tenke da’it ba sektorde-atividade<br />

seluseluk - iha dezenvolvimentu<br />

infra-estruturas no jestaun<br />

aeroportuária, iha portu marítimu, iha<br />

eletrisidade, iha peskas no tranzformasaun<br />

ba peskadu, iha fatuk-ornamentál,<br />

iha estradas no auto-estradas,<br />

iha armazenamentu no refinasaun<br />

ba produtus petrolíferus, iha<br />

transportes no komunikasoens, iha<br />

teknolojias-de-informasaun, iha boasprátikas<br />

agríkolas no meiu-ambientál,<br />

no seluseluk-tán.<br />

Parserias ne’ebé envolve emprezárius<br />

nasionais sei fortalese no hametin-liután<br />

sosiedade em-jerál, hodi hadi’a<br />

kondisoens-de-vida di’akliu (melhoria<br />

das condições de vida) ba timoroan-sira,<br />

ne’ebé hamosu-mai husi<br />

kreximentu efetivu iha ekonomia<br />

nasionál.<br />

Timor-Leste hetan kreximentu aasliután<br />

média, mezmu-ke enfrenta hela<br />

mós krize internasionál globalizada.<br />

Maske-nune’e, ita labele matan-dukur<br />

beibeik tan-de’it númeru kreximentu<br />

ne’e, tanba ida-ne’e foin bele sai efetivu<br />

bainhira bele funsiona nu’udar<br />

multiplikador (só poderão ser efectivos<br />

se forem multiplicadores). Nune’e,<br />

signifika katak presiza no urjente<br />

tebes ba ita-hotu atu hanoin konaba<br />

oinsá mak estradas sai di’akliu, ita<br />

iha telekomunikasaun di’ak, eskola<br />

di’ak, no ospitál di’ak hodi atende<br />

didi’ak ema-nia saúde; hirak-ne’e foin<br />

sai efetivu bainhira hala’o ofensiva ba<br />

kriasaun indústria nível nasionál<br />

(lançar uma ofensiva na criação de<br />

indústria a nível naciona).<br />

Jera empregu, hodibele hamosu marka<br />

Timor-Leste iha merkadu rejionál<br />

no internasionál. La’ós atu sai-de’it<br />

hanesan paíz importadór-masivu,<br />

maibé tenke sai nu’udar paíz ne’ebé<br />

hetan ekilibriu iha ninia balansa-ko-<br />

mersiál (um país de equilíbrio na sua<br />

balança comercial). Esportasaun iha<br />

áreas espesífikas no auto-sufisiênsia<br />

iha kampu alimentar, ne’e nu’udar<br />

aposta ka dezafiu mak ita tenke tetudidi’ak.<br />

Timor-Leste, la hetan kondenasaun<br />

atu sai hanesan illa-sorin balu ne’ebé<br />

hamosu laran-moras no inveja hosi<br />

parte seluk, ka nu’udar mordasa<br />

ekonómika tanba iha loos dependénsia<br />

boot ba esterior; maibé tenke sai<br />

nu’udar paíz ho naran-di’ak tanba ninia<br />

korajem atubele hatudu ninia anrasik<br />

iha kontestu internasionál (pela<br />

sua coragem em se afirmar no contexto<br />

internacional).<br />

Timor-Leste, ohin-loron hatuur ambiente<br />

emprezarial ne’ebé obriga iha<br />

kuidadus espesífikus, maibé iha<br />

lisaun-ida mak ita-hotu aprende ona :<br />

hahú oras-ne’e ba oin bele krexe<br />

buras de’it iha ita-nia laran bainhira<br />

haree ba liur (só se pode crescer cá<br />

dentro olhando para fora) no ba<br />

ezemplus di’ak ne’ebé rejista iha<br />

mundu rai-klaran.<br />

Emprezariadu nasional kapasitadu<br />

ona no prontu atu responde ba dezafius<br />

dezenvolvimentu nian. Interese<br />

ba ita, katak kreximentu, iha nível<br />

infra-estruturas no em-jeral, tenke<br />

halo haktuir prinsípiu respeitu ba emprezárius<br />

nasionais, husi parte sirane’ebé<br />

mak hatene no investe iha<br />

dezempeňu ba kualidade no justisa<br />

sosial, ba dezenvolvimentu paíz no<br />

ba ninia povu (em nome do desenvolvimento<br />

do país e do seu povo).<br />

Oras-ne’e, ita-hotu hatene didi’ak<br />

katak, iha tebes vontade nasionál ida<br />

-de’it atu halo pasus-konkretus iha<br />

dalan ba dezenvolvimentu estrutural<br />

ho umanu (no caminho do desenvolvimento<br />

estrutural e humano).<br />

Iha Timor-Leste, bele asegura katak<br />

iha duni kapasidade no kualidade,<br />

hetan respeitu husi ema hotu-hotu,<br />

hodi bele hala’o kontrusaun ba Nasaun<br />

ida-ne’e, hanesan-mós hametin<br />

ambiente propísiu ba halo konsolidasaun<br />

iha kreximentu ekonomia sosial<br />

(consolidação do crescimento da<br />

economia social).<br />

Bem-hajam!<br />

À bem da Nação!<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Ekonomia<br />

51


I<br />

n June 2010, a Belarus based<br />

computer security firm identified a<br />

new computer malware program,<br />

Stuxnet, which was repeatedly<br />

crashing the computers of one of its<br />

clients. In August , a German security<br />

researcher suggested that the program’s<br />

real target might be the Iranian<br />

nuclear program and that clues<br />

suggested that Israel was the creator.<br />

Since then, there has been growing<br />

alarm about the worm. The code has<br />

appeared in many countries, notably,<br />

China, India, Indonesia and Iran. It<br />

appears to design to attack a certain<br />

type of Siemens Industrial control<br />

computer, used widely to manage oil<br />

pipelines, electrical power grids and<br />

many kinds of nuclear plants.<br />

A 2007 Federal Bureau of Investigation<br />

report asserted that 108 countries<br />

had at least some offensive cyberwarfare<br />

capabilities. And there<br />

has been widespread speculation<br />

that a secret cyberwar “arms race” is<br />

underway as countries build sophisticated<br />

software and hardware attack<br />

capabilities. Most recent military engagements,<br />

like Russia’s quarrel with<br />

Georgia in 2008, have been accompanied<br />

by “cyberwar” in which Government<br />

and Financial websites have<br />

been targeted.<br />

In his book “At the Abyss”, Thomas<br />

C. Reed, a former secretary of the<br />

United States Air force, described a<br />

Trojan Horse, in which industrial control<br />

software was covertly added by<br />

52<br />

Partha Sarathi Bhowmick<br />

IT-Manager-Webmaster / PR<br />

On the Edge of Cyber<br />

Warfare<br />

the United States to equipment being<br />

shipped to the Soviet union. When<br />

the equipment was installed in a trans<br />

- Siberian gas pipeline in June 1982,<br />

it malfunctioned, touching off a huge<br />

explosion.<br />

Stuxnet is the first widely analyzed<br />

malware program that is intended to<br />

jump from windows- based computers<br />

to a specialized system used<br />

for controlling industrial equipment.<br />

Previously, most high profile cyberattacks<br />

have focused on websites and<br />

corporate or military networks.<br />

There has also been speculation<br />

about episodes that could have been<br />

caused by sabotage. For example,<br />

The Los Angeles Times reported in<br />

2001 that intrusions into the network<br />

that controlled the electrical grid were<br />

traced to someone in China. Later<br />

reports of other electric grid attacks<br />

have often included allegations that<br />

the break-ins were orchestrated by<br />

the Chinese, although no proof has<br />

been produced.<br />

Several hints in the code suggest<br />

Israel authorship, including a possible<br />

allusion to the book of Esther, which<br />

describes Jewish retaliation against a<br />

Persian threat, and a number –<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Teknolojia<br />

19790509- that appears to refer to<br />

the date of execution of an Iranian<br />

Jew.<br />

But many military and intelligence<br />

analysts, including several with direct<br />

knowledge of Israeli intelligence operations,<br />

have said it is unlikely that it<br />

is either an Israeli or United States<br />

operation would leave such blatant<br />

clues. That leaves the possibility that<br />

someone wanted to plant evidence<br />

pointing to Israeli involvement.<br />

There has been widespread fear<br />

about attacks that jam or damage<br />

large financial networks, transportation<br />

systems or any of the modern<br />

infrastructure underlying industrial<br />

economies.<br />

The first step in securing these systems<br />

has been to ensure that they<br />

are entirely separated from the internet.<br />

However, even if they are separated,<br />

in many cases they used internal<br />

networks based on the internet<br />

protocol, as well as common computing<br />

equipment, like Microsoft and Intel-based<br />

computers. That means<br />

they remain potentially vulnerable to<br />

a “sneaker net” attack, in which a malicious<br />

program is physically carried<br />

into an isolated network.<br />

In the case of Stuxnet, computer security<br />

specialists generally agree that<br />

it was not the work of one person but<br />

rather a team of sophisticated programmers.<br />

Certainly nations with cyberwar<br />

capabilities are potential suspects,<br />

but they are not the only possible<br />

creators.


Madre Guilhermina Marçal<br />

Premiu Direitus Umanus 2009<br />

D<br />

ecreto Concíliar Gravissimum<br />

Educationis considera<br />

Eduacação mak base fundamental<br />

no importante teb<br />

-tebes iha ema nia moris, nebe influência<br />

makas iha progresso social<br />

tempo hot-hotu nian.<br />

Igreja desempenha-an tomak ho dedicação<br />

ba capacitação integral pessoa<br />

humana nian hodi alcance objectivo<br />

ultimo ne’e rasik. Tan ne’e wainhira<br />

ita contempla kna’ar no contribução<br />

Igreja Católica iha Timor-<br />

Leste ba formação no confirmação<br />

Timor-Leste nian, ita la se’es hosi<br />

hanorin Igreja nian nebe hatudu<br />

mai ita iha documentos conci-liares<br />

no iha Evangelho rasik. Cristo lia tun<br />

dehan dehan: “ Imi ba mundo tomak<br />

hodi hanorin no sarani ema hotu.”<br />

Igreja Timor-Leste, fiel nafatim ba<br />

mandato missíanica ida ne’e hodi<br />

hala’o nia kna’ar iha tempo hot-hotu,<br />

hodi forma, educa ema atu sai ema<br />

lolo’os iha sector hot-hotu liuliu<br />

“Educação mak sai nudar índole<br />

importante ba Povo hodi transforma<br />

mentalidade no llori impacto [postivo<br />

ba desenvolvimento ninia moris rasik.<br />

Forma ema sai ema matenek nebe<br />

integrado no apacitado iha n”ivel hothotu,<br />

liu-liu iha nível moral social no<br />

cultural. Basa, ema mak sai centro<br />

primo iha universo ida ne’e.<br />

Objectivo primário Igreja Católica<br />

iha setor educação mak:<br />

Formação Integral Pessoa Humana<br />

nian” hodi orienta ba fim ultimo no<br />

simultaneamente ba diak ema hotu<br />

nian iha nação tomak no liu-liu ita<br />

rain. Hosi educação mak religioso/a<br />

sacerdote sira lori Timor oan sira desenvolve<br />

sira nia dotes físicos, morais,<br />

intelectuais hodi adquire sentido<br />

responsabilidade ba vida, liberdade<br />

ho rectidão, nune’e tulun no lori sira<br />

hola parte activamente iha vida social<br />

-política durante luta naruk, to’o<br />

hetan ninia autodeterminação, nudar<br />

“Povo Soberano no Independente.”<br />

Ita ida-idak consciente nafatin katak<br />

Igreja Católica nudar Inan, nia hala’o<br />

kna’ar hodi defende ema nian moris,<br />

foti sa’e existência ema nian nudar<br />

valor a’as liu hot-hotu, hodi sensibiliza<br />

no hamahan Timor oan tomak<br />

iha tempo hot-hotu, liu-liu iha tempo<br />

ocupação Indonésia nian. Nia la hakfodak,<br />

la tauk, nia metin nafatin iha<br />

ninia princípio sira, hodi hala’o ninia<br />

missão promária mak educa, forma<br />

consciência moral no Social hodi<br />

salva Povo iha terus nian laran. Igreja<br />

sai única força nebe habrani-an tuir<br />

Moral Social-Educacional<br />

Evangelho Cristo nian hodi halian lian<br />

netik lian laek sira nian ba mundo<br />

tomak. Igreja tau ba kotuk buat hothotu,<br />

consentra deit iha promoção integral<br />

humanidade nian liu hosi<br />

educação, no kna’ar social, hodi<br />

habiban Timor oan tomak hola parte<br />

efetiva iha decisão política “ UKUN<br />

RASIK-AN.”<br />

Igreja Católica consciente teb-tebes<br />

iha ninia kna’ar hot-hotu; katak liu<br />

hosi sector Educação mak bele forma,<br />

educa, hodi transforma mentalidade<br />

Povo nian ba autodeteminação<br />

nebe responsável no coerente; tamba<br />

ida ne’e sai direito prioritário no<br />

único ba Povo Timor-Leste hanesan<br />

mo’os ba humanidade tomak iha<br />

universo ida ne’e.<br />

Ho espírito inan, mestra Nia educa<br />

ema ida-idak atu hola consciência<br />

ba nia moris hodi respeita, hadomi<br />

niaan nudar ema criatura Nai<br />

Maromak nian.<br />

Fo’o valor ba ninia existência nudar<br />

ser humano ida, la husik niaan sai<br />

instrumento ba política malgorada<br />

ida.<br />

Maibe hatene niaan nudar ida nebe<br />

iha capacidade intelectual, moral<br />

social cultural no política.<br />

História Igreja Católica, marka história<br />

existência, Povo Timor-Leste<br />

nian, basa iha tempo susar no terus,<br />

ksolok no tanis, Nia hola parte iha<br />

terus Povo nian hodi loke fuan<br />

hamahan maun-alin kbi’it laek sira ho<br />

dalan oi-oin no oin sa, mak bele salva<br />

Povo hosi kroat no terus nia laran.<br />

Igreja nudar inan, mestra, medianeira<br />

fo’o apoio moral educacional hodi<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Relijiaun<br />

sensibiliza , motiva Timor-oan sira<br />

luta ba justiça no verdade to’o hetan<br />

Libertação Nascional. Iha documento<br />

Igreja Católica nian dehan:<br />

Ksolok, esperança, tristezas, no<br />

angústias ema ohin loron nian, liu-liu<br />

kiak no mukit sira no ba sira hotu<br />

nebe terus, sira mo’os koko duni<br />

esperiência ksolok, esperança, tristezas,<br />

no angústias apostólos Cristo<br />

Jesus nian iha tempo neba.<br />

Gaudium Et Spes no.1. Esperiência<br />

ida ne’e sai fio conductor ba ema fiar<br />

nain no apostolos Cristo nian.<br />

Ami halo ida sai nudar ami nia esperiência<br />

rasik hodi moris hamutuk ho<br />

Povo Timor-Leste iha tempo crucial<br />

nia laran to’o rai-hun mutin.<br />

Esperiência ida ne’e la hela deit<br />

nudar servico caritativo, social no<br />

humani-tário deit maibe terus-susar<br />

no fakar ran Povo Timor-Leste<br />

nian taka ho “Martírio Missionário:,<br />

Padres, Ma-dres, Seminaristas, Acólitos<br />

Jovens no Jornalista hanesan P.<br />

Albreth Ka-ren, SJ, P.Dewanto, SJ,<br />

P. Hilário Madeira diocesano, P.<br />

Francisco dio-cesano, madre Erminia<br />

Cazzaniga, FdCC missionária Italiana,<br />

madre Celeste de Carvalho,<br />

FdCC Timoroan, Fraters: Jacinto,<br />

Valério, Fernando, Agus Muliawan<br />

jornalista, Rudy acólito, Titisandora.<br />

Sira ne’e sai nudar previlégio bo’ot ba<br />

Igreja Católica no ba Povo tomak iha<br />

Timor-Leste basa sira hola parte iha<br />

Martírio Cristo nian hodi hakmanek<br />

liu tan Idependência no Soberania<br />

Povo nian.<br />

(pajina 54...)<br />

53


Esperiências Mártires Timor-oan rihun<br />

ba rihun bo’ok nafatin Povo<br />

tomak atu moris iha integridade hodi<br />

hametin liu tan unidade nascional nebe<br />

naruk no klean liu tan.<br />

Contribuição Igreja Católica la’os deit<br />

iha sector educação, moral social<br />

maibe iha sectores hot-hotu. Hanesan<br />

iha crise política 2006, padres,<br />

madres loke odamata conventos, paroquias<br />

no escolas atu protégé Timor<br />

-oan rihun ba rihun nebe dala ida tan<br />

enfrenta ca’os política iha Timor<br />

laran. Durante evento drátmatico ida<br />

ne’e, Igreja la hela nono’ok deit<br />

maibe fo’o segurança 24 horas, buka<br />

ai-han, sanitação, saúde, atende chamada<br />

emergenciais hosi grupo hothotu<br />

atu acude sira nebe la se’es<br />

hosi klo’ot no mate nia laran.<br />

Missão ida ne’e lori mo’os risquio ba<br />

ami nia vida rasik, maibe buka habrani-an<br />

hodi fiar iha Maromak bele hothotu<br />

atu salva deit povo iha klo’ot no<br />

mate nia laran.<br />

Igreja Católica iha arte serbi nian ba<br />

ema hot-hotu. La fihir no la hili, se’e<br />

deit mak precisa nia tulun nia pronto<br />

atu fo’o apoio tuir posibilidade nebe<br />

iha atu habiban maluk sira bele hetan<br />

netik lahan mahan ruma, paz no harmonia<br />

iha nia situação moris nebe<br />

deit. Hamaluk ki’ik no kiak oan sira<br />

hanesan hamaluk Cristo Jesus rasik.<br />

54<br />

Educação no promoção<br />

ba Jovem sira<br />

Foin sa’e sira mak futuro Timor-Leste<br />

nian. Atu hakmanek liu tan Timor<br />

iha futura, Igreja-Estado no Institituições<br />

hot-hotu precisa investe maka’as<br />

iha recursos humanos liu-liu labarik<br />

no jovem sira nebe sei sai ai-rin<br />

dolen Timor-Leste nian iha futuro. Ita<br />

precisa Educa no promove sira hodi<br />

facilita sira nia moris, liu hosi educação<br />

nebe integrada. Nune’e bele produz<br />

oanfeto no mane nebe iha<br />

capacidade intellectual moral, social<br />

cultural política ba futura nebe nabilan<br />

liu tuir ita rai doben nian naran<br />

Timor-Lorosa’e.<br />

Ita hot-hotu precisa hola consciência<br />

colectiva ida oin sa mak ita serbisu<br />

hamuuk hodi hadia qualidade educação<br />

iha ita nia rain no liu-liu produz<br />

deit matenek nain nebe hatene distingue<br />

valores culturais morais no religiosas<br />

atu bele sai construtores e<br />

pensadores potenetes ba edificação<br />

Povo Timor-Leste tuir ema sira nebe<br />

fiar iha Nai Maromak.<br />

Iha tempo luta nian ita hotu tau ita<br />

nia fragmento de contribuição ba<br />

UKUN RAIK-AN; ohin loron ita precisa<br />

luta nafatin hodi hadia Povo nia<br />

moris atu bele halakon mukit, kiak iha<br />

rai laran nune’e Povo bele sente duni<br />

katak nia Povo ida be Independente<br />

no Soberano. Reconhece-an hanesan<br />

ema livre no independente.<br />

Social- Cultural -Moral<br />

Timor-Leste precisa ema professional,<br />

responsável, constante veritiero,<br />

honesto hodi bele salva Povo hosi<br />

coloniazação foun nebe ha’u rasik<br />

hanaran: “Nova Coloniazação Cultural<br />

e Econômica.” Tan sa ha’u dehan<br />

ida ne’e? Tamba ita hare ba realidade<br />

Timor-Leste nian, hau preocupa<br />

teb-tebes , keta halo ba, Independência<br />

sai deit proveito sorin ki’ik-oan<br />

ida no ba ema mundo seluk deit.<br />

Ha’u pessoalmente la kohi buat hanesan<br />

ne’e mosu ba ha’u nia compa-<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Relijiaun<br />

triota sira. Hakarak Timor ida nebe livre<br />

hosi pluralidade social política<br />

nebe la fo’o vantagem ba Povo rasik.<br />

Povo Timor-oan tomak iha direito atu<br />

moris iha lia lo’os no justiça nia laran<br />

atu bele tane a’as nafatin vitória<br />

triunfante ita nian. Basa ida ne’e sai<br />

nudar causa primária ba Timor oan<br />

hotu.<br />

Ó iha rai liur eh laran, ó duni mak<br />

precisa tau iha ó nia laran valores<br />

vitais sira ne’e hodi foti nafatin ita<br />

DOBEM TIMOR-LESTE.<br />

Timor-oan hotu precisa sai matenek<br />

liu tan iha ita nia fiar nebe sai roman<br />

ba ita nia moris nudar Povo Ukun<br />

Rasik-an. Consciente ba valores morais<br />

no culturais- sociais. Hatene distingue<br />

ida nebe los no la lo’os diak no<br />

a’at Sai ema socia nebe inteligente<br />

no responsável ba hahalok no lian<br />

fuan. Sai ema nebe Madura iha ninia<br />

política rasik, la sai ema prasita<br />

maibe iha ninia personalidade rasik<br />

hodi contribui ba Desenvolvimento<br />

Nascional. Moris iha vid social nebe<br />

metin, wainhira ita hatene hakna’ar<br />

hamotuk, tau ba kotuk ida-idak nia<br />

ideologia política hodi hare ba bem<br />

estar comum.<br />

Ne’e katak sai ema social nebe iha<br />

base fundamental moral-religiosa.<br />

Nudar São Tomas de Mora, Patrono<br />

politicos no governan-te sira nian<br />

dehan: Político no gover-nante nebe<br />

diak katak : Ema la bele haketaak<br />

malu hosi Maromak nem política<br />

haketak-an hosi moral. Hano-in ida<br />

ne’e urge ema hot-hotu liu-liu politicos<br />

no nai-ulun sira atu la bele<br />

haketak-an hosi Maromak no moral.<br />

Basa dala ruma mo’os mosu ida<br />

ne’e mai ita.<br />

Dala ruma bele aconte-ce katak, ita<br />

moris iha era gloalização nian nebe<br />

valores mo’os la relevante ona mai<br />

ita. La iha ona sasukat ida hodi orienta<br />

ita nia moris nudar Povo Soberano<br />

no Independente.<br />

Quando buat hirak ne’e la iha, ne’e<br />

mak ita hamenos ita nia soberania<br />

hanesan Povo no Nação Independente<br />

ida.


Timor-oan precisa tane a’as ninia valores<br />

culturais, morais e sociais.<br />

Timor-oan ema ida nebe hatene respeita<br />

nia maluk sira, hadomi, batinas<br />

tulun nain, no hamtauk Nai Maromak.<br />

Nia ema ida nebe social teb-tebes,<br />

katak intuitivo; hatene si’ik ema seluk<br />

nia precisa. Nia la precisa ema tenki<br />

husu eh dehan mak nia foin halo<br />

maibe nia ema idabe flexívle, laran<br />

responsável no coerente teb-tebes<br />

iha oras no fatin nebe deit. Tambane’e<br />

ita precisa recopera fali riku soin<br />

sira ne’e liu hosi educação no mo’os<br />

liu hosi formação educação moral,<br />

social, cultural eh Educação Cívica<br />

no Moral Religião, atu bele hadia no<br />

hametin liu tan valores vitais moris<br />

Timor-oan nian.<br />

Familia mak viveiro moris Nação<br />

no Igreja nian<br />

Nação nebe mak forte wainhira abut<br />

familia nian metin no forte. Família<br />

mak motor desenvolvimento humano<br />

iha sosciedade tomak. Basa iha neba<br />

mak membro família tomak buka simu<br />

no fó atu luta hodi atinge ninia<br />

ideias eh metas. Desenvolvimento fa-<br />

milia liga nafatin ho ninia experiências,<br />

processo sira hotu sujeita ba<br />

família. Nune’e mo’os oin sa mak ita<br />

bele serbisu maka’as liu tan atu sasukat<br />

ida nebe mak sai configuração<br />

familiar nebe contribui ba bem-estar<br />

membros família nian; nune’e deit<br />

mak ita bele hein hodi elabora capacidades<br />

familia iha sociedade no<br />

Igreja Católica iha Timor-Leste. Família<br />

nebe abut iha Evangelho nudar<br />

sarani nia buka moris tuir ninia charisma<br />

no fiar sarani nian hodi educa<br />

no forma nia oan sira tuir sira nia fiar<br />

sarani; atu oin sa mak bele lori oan<br />

siar tane vida nudar moris Nai Maromak<br />

nian rasik tau hela iha familia<br />

ne’e nia moris. Familia diak buka respeita<br />

moris ki’ik oan sira nian, buka<br />

bali di-diak to’o moris ne’e nia rohan.<br />

Basa nação precisa ema no moris<br />

nebe saudável ba edificação Nação<br />

no Kreda iha mundo rai klaran.<br />

Papa João Paulo II, papa ida nebe<br />

tau neon metin no atenção tomak ba<br />

familia, hodi fo’o sai document importante<br />

tebes ida konba Familia<br />

( Familiares Consosrtio.) hadomi no<br />

respeita moris família nian sai nudar<br />

direito universal no decreto divino Nai<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Relijiaun<br />

Maromak nian ba mundo.<br />

Familia mak sai origem primário<br />

moris sociedade-kreda no nação<br />

nian.<br />

Família saudável no sustentável ho<br />

valore mak bele hakmanek liu tan<br />

Kreda no Nação.<br />

Ohin loron Igreja Católica Timor-Leste<br />

tama iha era foun nebe nakonu ho<br />

desafios no dificuladades liu-liu iha<br />

era globalização no modernização.<br />

Ita hare no hatene tamba esperiência<br />

arasik, lala’ok moris Povo Timor-<br />

Leste nian sai oin seluk, no dala ruma<br />

hado’ok-an hosi valores morais,<br />

culturais no religiosos.<br />

Dificuldades no problemas foun sirane’e<br />

mak hanesan: tráfico humano,<br />

mudança cli-mática, pobreza, crise<br />

de identidade no liu-liu ema fo’o prioridade<br />

liu ba ecosistema liu fali ema<br />

ne’e rasik. Caso sira hanesan desafia<br />

teb-tebes Igreja Católica iha Timor-<br />

Leste.<br />

Ita hare katak espírito individualismo<br />

no grupismo sai mahar dau-daun iha<br />

rai laran.<br />

La’aok sira hanesan ne’e lori mo’os<br />

ema hado’ok-an hosi Nai Maromak.<br />

Basa sira considera, moris fiar sarani<br />

nian eh ema fiar nain nian sai moda<br />

antiga nebe ala iha revância ba moris<br />

ohin loron nian.<br />

Prepara feto no mane nebe matenek<br />

iha ulun fuan no neon atu serbi no<br />

desenvolve Povo Timor-Leste tomak.<br />

Ne’e precisa buka estratégia política<br />

foun nebe metin nafatin iha hanorin<br />

Cristo no Santa Kreda nian atu tane<br />

nafatin moris Povo nian nebe livre no<br />

responsável ba futuro ida nebe<br />

saudável no próspero no interagado.<br />

Inan santa Kreda buka nafatin hodi<br />

banati tuir Inan Virgem nian atu sai<br />

educadora, formadora ideial ba Povo<br />

Timor-oan tomak.<br />

Futuro Timor-Leste depende ba quali<br />

-dade educação no esforçoa nebe ita<br />

fo’o ba labarik no foin sa’e sira.<br />

Loron matan sa’e lori naroman foun,<br />

hakmanek Povo ho kbi’it Espírito<br />

Santo no tulun Virgem Maria nian.<br />

55


It is time to leave stoning as a form of capital punishment behind us as a race, to relegate it to the same place we<br />

have put stringing heretics on racks -- in a chapter of our past that we are not proud of<br />

The Huffington Post, July 8, 2010<br />

I<br />

am aware, as I am writing this,<br />

that I come from a country far<br />

from Iran, and a religious and<br />

political culture that are different<br />

in many ways.<br />

But there are elements that tie all religions<br />

together. Compassion and<br />

love are two of those elements.<br />

Any person who has studied the<br />

words of God or felt Allah's blessings<br />

has been privileged to know His<br />

mercy and forgiveness.<br />

So how could it be that He would approve<br />

of our treating our fellow men<br />

and women -- our brothers and sisters<br />

in his family -- with anything<br />

less?<br />

Sakineh Mohammadie Ashtiani and<br />

her children are His creations as<br />

surely as you and I are.<br />

We do not always do well at interpreting<br />

the will of our God in this world.<br />

My Church, the Catholic Church,<br />

does not stand above reproach in<br />

this.<br />

We will always have the stain of the<br />

Spanish Inquisition and the torture of<br />

innocents assumed to be heretics in<br />

our history.<br />

Today the Church is dealing with<br />

shortfalls in its treatment of those<br />

who have abused children, God's<br />

precious young ones.<br />

But we must remember that these<br />

acts are the acts of Man, not acts of<br />

God.<br />

As individuals, and citizens of this<br />

planet, can only say that we will continually<br />

strive to do better and to better<br />

reflect God's wisdom and mercy in<br />

our lives and in the communities and<br />

civilizations we build.<br />

As we strive to do this, we must at<br />

times recognize that barbarities that<br />

were a part of past cultures in our<br />

religious history no longer have a<br />

place in our lives.<br />

In the case of stoning, its roots are<br />

not in the Quran but are in the Torah,<br />

believe to have been written in 500<br />

BC -- a world that has little in com-<br />

56<br />

Dr.J.Ramos-Horta<br />

Presidente da República<br />

An Appeal for Sakineh Mohammadie Ashtiani<br />

mon with our world today.<br />

It is time to leave stoning as a form of<br />

capital punishment behind us as a<br />

race, to relegate it to the same place<br />

we have put stringing heretics on<br />

racks -- in a chapter of our past that<br />

we are not proud of.<br />

The case of Sakineh Mohammadie<br />

Ashtiani -- a terrified woman who<br />

does not even speak the language of<br />

her accusers -- is an opportunity for<br />

us to show God's wisdom and mercy<br />

to another.<br />

I do not pretend to be a religious<br />

scholar and I do not pretend to be<br />

Dezembro 2010 – №3<br />

Media<br />

able to comment on the legal proceedings<br />

or details of her case. It is<br />

as a fellow human being that I appeal<br />

to those who are the Supreme Leaders<br />

of Islamic Justice, the interpreters<br />

of the will of Allah on Earth, to show<br />

His compassion and love, if not to the<br />

mother than at least to the two young<br />

children whose lives will be destroyed<br />

by this event, to touch their heads<br />

with the understanding that Allah<br />

would not want his innocent young<br />

children to be exposed to such extreme<br />

suffering at the hands of Man.<br />

We can do better than this.

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