energizing innovation in integrated project delivery final report - SPUR

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process to occur. Additionally, a culture of curiosity and openness to new ideas can also promote innovation. When these factors are absent, innovation is hindered. 25
3.0 RESEARCH METHODS This section of the report describes the research methods employed to meet the stated study objectives. Three primary research efforts were conducted: a survey and interviews of the construction industry to benchmark innovation in the industry; a survey of innovative product developers and manufacturers; and case studies of construction projects. Each of these efforts is described in detail below along with the reasoning for their selection and the environment under which the research was conducted. Validation efforts, also described below, were conducted to confirm the conclusions drawn from the three primary research activities. An initial task as part of the research was to establish a definition of innovation to be used in the study. For this task, the definitions stated in literature were considered along with the goals and objectives of the study. For the purpose of the study, the following definition of innovation was adopted based on that provided by Slaughter (1998): “Innovation is the actual use of a non-trivial change and improvement in a process, product, or system that is novel to the institution developing the change”. Under this definition, innovation includes both the generation of a new product, process, or system, and its implementation. Additionally, innovation may be the application of a product, process, or system that already exists but is just new to the organization adopting it. The innovation must also be diffused beyond just the initial project or setting in which it is employed. That is, the innovation must be used on subsequent projects within a firm or by other firms within the industry. Lacking diffusion, acceptance and validation of the change is not demonstrated and the change would be considered simply as problem solving to “get the job done”. 3.1 Methods and Environment As stated previously, the research study is aimed at investigating how innovation can be enhanced and measured in the construction industry and at providing resources to the industry to support it’s innovation efforts. Given the fragmented and dispersed nature of the construction industry, and the difficulties associated with controlling for confounding factors on construction projects, an experimental approach is very difficult and time-consuming to implement. Cause and effect must be assessed via other research methods. Information about the factors to be considered as part of this study exists within the culture and structure of an organization and project and the tacit knowledge of industry professionals. As a result, extracting data related to these factors requires communication with and involvement of the construction industry. To account for the difficulties and constraints associated with conducting construction research and the nature of the research topic, the research methods implemented in the study incorporate a multi-faceted approach consisting of surveys, interviews, and case studies. These methods were selected due to the open nature of the information to be gathered, the diversity of the study population, and to ensure reliability of information gathered. On-line surveys allow for gaining specific project information from a widely dispersed and diverse sample. In-person interviews provide the opportunity to collect in-depth information that cannot be practically gained through 26
Page 1 and 2: ENERGIZING INNOVATION IN INTEGRATED
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures i
Page 5 and 6: 9.5 Case Study Interview Template 1
Page 7 and 8: Figure 18a: (Case Study Projects) I
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Case Study
Page 11 and 12: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Innovation is a t
Page 13 and 14: Diffusion Many innovative solutions
Page 15 and 16: This perspective often stems in par
Page 17 and 18: Task 2: Investigate Current Innovat
Page 19 and 20: presentation that describes the res
Page 21 and 22: “Application of technology that i
Page 23 and 24: innovation process and have develop
Page 25 and 26: adopters are those who are typicall
Page 27 and 28: innovation is initiated when soluti
Page 29 and 30: efficient” (ENR 2006). This recog
Page 31 and 32: 2.5 Barriers to Innovation There ar
Page 33 and 34: Christensen’s statement of disrup
Page 35 and 36: Figure 5. Life Cycle Cost Savings T
Page 37: 2. It’s proven that change works.
Page 41 and 42: questionnaire solicited information
Page 43 and 44: projects was created. The 20 projec
Page 45 and 46: 4.0 RESULTS 4.1 Respondent Demograp
Page 47 and 48: 4.1.2 Innovative Products Survey Th
Page 49 and 50: Table 1. Case Study Demographics Pr
Page 51 and 52: asked specifically about those inno
Page 53 and 54: % listed as significant or higher m
Page 55 and 56: cited are: sufficient time and reso
Page 57 and 58: • Design-bid-build project delive
Page 59 and 60: Cost Productivity Quality Competiti
Page 61 and 62: and budget analyses (64%). Safety p
Page 63 and 64: 5.0 ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION Analyse
Page 65 and 66: innovation. The innovation scores r
Page 67 and 68: • How would you rate the level of
Page 69 and 70: Innovation Score 70 60 50 40 30 20
Page 73 and 74: 5.2.4 Degree of Project Team Integr
Page 79 and 80: engineering and construction firms
Page 83 and 84: A similar process was used to corre
Page 85 and 86: Innovation Score 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6
Page 87 and 88: A similar process was used to analy
Page 89 and 90:
Innovation Score 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6
Page 91 and 92:
Innovation Score (Average of all pr
Page 93 and 94:
Innovation Score (Average of all pr
Page 95 and 96:
Innovation Score 70 60 50 40 30 20
Page 97 and 98:
In addition to identifying leading
Page 99 and 100:
The input provided by the industry
Page 101 and 102:
The ratings given by the validation
Page 103 and 104:
and within budget is also a motivat
Page 105 and 106:
6.2 Recommendations The barriers id
Page 107 and 108:
esearch would involve assessing the
Page 109 and 110:
7.0 IMPLEMENTATION PRODUCTS AND DIF
Page 111 and 112:
8.0 REFERENCES Abd El Halim, O. and
Page 113 and 114:
Thorpe, A., Eds., Centre for Innova
Page 115 and 116:
Department of Civil, Construction a
Page 117 and 118:
Transportation Commercial/Office Bu
Page 119 and 120:
Owner/client Program Manager Genera
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Lack of communication Lack of perso
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Moderate High Very high Don’t kno
Page 125 and 126:
No If yes, and to receive a summary
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Dear : OSU Construction Engineering
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The Organization 5.) Types of servi
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14.) What was the resource investme
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Low return on investment Lack of co
Page 135 and 136:
Competitive advantage Marketing Oth
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Email Address: Phone Number: Please
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39 Online Contractor Badging 2005 N
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133 Military Tank Proof Load Testin
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227 Bridge Lock-up Device System 20
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15 Baltimore, MD 2003-05 Art Museum
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Project Scope (difficulty of work/u
Page 149 and 150:
9.6 Validation Cover Letter and Que
Page 151 and 152:
Thank you for providing your insigh
Page 153 and 154:
Please rate the impact of the follo
Page 155 and 156:
program Communication among firms C
Page 157 and 158:
9.8 Case Study Summaries The follow
Page 159 and 160:
The interviewees identified the fol
Page 161 and 162:
Barriers to Innovation Project comm
Page 163 and 164:
Innovation was linked to improvemen
Page 165 and 166:
Enablers for Innovation The followi
Page 167 and 168:
Outcomes of Innovation Since there
Page 169 and 170:
Enablers for Innovation The followi
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Not applicable given the lack of in
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In addition to being able to demoli
Page 175 and 176:
• Unilateral communication • La
Page 177:
Outcomes of Innovation No outcomes
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