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APPENDIX 5 ABBREVIATIONS AND GLOSSARY ABBREVIATIONS 5-FU 5-fluourocil ACBE air contrast barium enema ACN Australian Cancer Network ACPS Australian clinicopathological stage AHTAC Australian Health Technology Advisory Committee AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer ALCCaS Australian multicentre prospective clinical study, comparing laparoscopic and conventional open surgical treatment of colon cancer in adults ANO anoscopy APC adenomatous polyposis coli APR abdominoperineal resection ASA aspirin ASCO American College of Clinical Oncology BE barium enema BFOBT biochemical faecal occult blood testing CCOPGI Cancer Care Ontario Practice Guidelines Initiative CCR (laparoscopy) converted (to open) colon resection CEA CER carcinoembryonic antigen Cost-Effectiveness Ratio CHRPE congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigmented epithelium CI confidence interval CMT combined modality therapy (comprising both radiotherapy and chemotherapy) COL colonoscopy COX-2 cyclo-oxynegase-2 specific inhibitor CRC Colorectal Cancer CT computerised tomography CTAP computerised tomography arterial portography CTC DALY computerised tomography colonoscopy (virtual colonoscopy) Disability Adjusted Life Year DCBE double contrast barium enema DFMO difluoromethylornithine DFS disease free survival DRE digital rectal examination Abbreviations and Glossary 325
DVT deep venous thrombosis ECOG European Cooperative Oncology Group EFE extrafascial excision EORTC European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer EPIC European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ERUS endorectal ultrasound EUS endoluminal ultrasound FA folinic acid FAP familial adenomatous polyposis FC50 filter colonoscopy FDG-PET fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography FNDA fecal DNA FOBT faecal occult blood testing FOLFIRI 5-FU plus irinotecan FOLFOX 5-FU plus oxaliplatin FSIG flexible sigmoidoscopy FUDR 5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine H – II Hemoccult II HAI hepatic arterial infusion HAL hand assisted laparoscopy HDLV high-dose leucovorin HNPCC hereditary nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer HRT hormone replacement therapy ICER IFL Incremental cost effectiveness ratio bolus 5-FU plus irinotecan IFOBT immunological faecal occult blood testing IHC immunohistochemical staining ImmCOL immediate total colonoscopy LAR low anterior resections LARHC laparoscopically assisted right hemicolectomy LCR laparoscopic colon resection LDLV low-dose leucovorin LS laparoscopic surgery LV MAC 326 Leucovorin Modified Astler-Coller The prevention, early detection and management of colorectal cancer
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Clinical Practice Guidelines FOR TH
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© The Cancer Council Australia/Aus
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2.11 Conclusions...................
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11.2 High ligation ................
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17.4 Cost effectiveness of follow u
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Table 14.3 Pathological TNM staging
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Executive Summary • Colorectal Ca
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STRENGTH OF RECOMMENDATIONS 2,3 The
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Should red meat intake be altered t
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Chapter Recommendations 4 COMMUNICA
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Chapter 8 Recommendations How shoul
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Chapter Recommendations Should bowe
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Chapter Recommendations When should
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Chapter 17 Recommendations What pos
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Section I Early Colorectal Cancer
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Adenomatous polyps (adenomas) are b
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17. South Australian Cancer Registr
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CHAPTER 2 PRIMARY PREVENTION Studie
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Colorectal adenomas, especially adv
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vegetable (3.5 serves/1000 kcals) d
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mustard greens, swedes and turnips)
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for protection against Colorectal C
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Does selenium supplementation reduc
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the optimal duration of use, and ad
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References 1. Jass JR. Pathogenesis
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34. Kushi L, Giovannucci E. Dietary
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67. Fearon ER, Vogelstein B. A gene
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100. Il'yasova D, Hodgson ME, Marti
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133. Meyskens FL, Jr., Gerner EW. D
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CHAPTER 3 POPULATION SCREENING FOR
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studies also demonstrate that age i
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• symptoms • family medical his
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Should screening be recommended? Gu
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Box 3.3 Screening Pathway used in t
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References 1. Young GP, Levin B, Ro
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33. Alexander F, Weller D. Evaluati
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CHAPTER 4 COMMUNICATION WITH THE PA
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4.6 Coordination of care Treatment
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• assistance with and care of chi
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17. National Breast Cancer Centre,
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CHAPTER 5 THE PATIENT WITH SYMPTOMS
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considered (see 8.1.5). Double cont
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58 The prevention, early detection
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diagnoses prove difficult to confir
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What recommendations are there for
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References 1. Woolf CM. A genetic s
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34. Australian Health Technology Ad
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CHAPTER 7 HIGH-RISK FAMILIAL COLORE
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offered predictive genetic testing.
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endoscopically uncontrollable numbe
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mutation carriers. 52 There is also
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standard for consideration of MSI a
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added to transvaginal ultrasound. 8
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category 2, see Chapter 6) but may
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What screening is recommended for e
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References 1. Vasen HF, Griffioen G
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33. Giardiello FM, Hamilton SR, Kru
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international criteria for the dete
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96. Burt RW, Jass JR. Hyperplastic
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8.1.2 Sigmoidoscopy: rigid versus f
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For radiological imaging of the lar
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8.2.3 Staging for distant metastase
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The feelings and fears of the patie
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18. Rex DK, Cutler CS, Lemmel GT et
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52. Liu SK, Church JM, Lavery IC, F
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strong family history of Colorectal
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A screening interval of 4-6 years i
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BRAF mutation, particularly when mu
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18. Jass JR, Young J, Leggett BA. E
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52. Jass JR, Young J, Leggett BA. H
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What is the role of the stomal ther
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What happens if a blood transfusion
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References 1. Bass EM, Del Pino A,
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32. The National Working Party on t
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CHAPTER 11 ELECTIVE SURGERY FOR COL
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Total or subtotal colectomy may be
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11.12 Self-expanding metal stents f
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18. Gall FP, Tonak J, Altendorf A.
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etween 1993 and 1999. The local rec
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When should local excision of recta
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What factors influence sphincter pr
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It has been demonstrated that there
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References 1. Smith TJ, Hillner BE,
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36. Vernava AM, III, Moran M, Rothe
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69. Pimentel JM, Duarte A, Gregorio
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A clinical diagnosis of large bowel
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When should primary anastomosis be
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17. Deans GT, Krukowski ZH, Irwin S
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Table 14.1 Clinicopathological stag
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The ACPS system embodies the simpli
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14.4 Translation between staging sy
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16. Shepherd NA, Baxter KJ, Love SB
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CHAPTER 15 ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY FO
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isk of death-favouring treatment (H
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improvement in survival at five yea
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There has been one trial 55 of intr
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References 1. National Institute of
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30. Zaniboni A, Labianca R, Marsoni
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57. Gastrointestinal Tumour Study G
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CHAPTER 16 ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR REC
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preoperative RT 45Gy over 5 weeks s
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This suggests that a policy of preo
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Mortality from non-cancer causes wa
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References 1. Fu KK. Interactions o
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29. Swedish Rectal Cancer Trial. Im
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Rates of intraluminal recurrence an
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Ultrasonographic screening Ultrason
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References 1. Nava HR, Pagana TJ. P
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• those with a history of psychia
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References 1. Maisey NR, Norman A,
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CHAPTER 19 RECURRENT AND ADVANCED C
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What are the recommendations for in
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References 1. National Health and M
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31. Phillips RK, Hittinger R, Bleso
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Recurrent and advanced colorectal c
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(23% compared to 12%, p
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more patients having disease down-s
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References 1. Best L, Simmonds P, B
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30. Fuchs CS, Moore MR, Harker G, V
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CHAPTER 21 MANAGEMENT OF LIVER AND
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21.1.3 Imaging controlled destructi
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Does combination systemic chemother
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References 1. Woodington FF, Waugh
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34. Wood BJ, Ramkaransingh JR, Fojo
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66. Headrick JR, Miller DL, Nagorne
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Management of liver and other dista
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years gained can be assessed, which
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‘If neither of the above cases ap
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Study Country Study questions Concl
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Study Country Comparator/ screening
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Three United States studies investi
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Table 22.6 Results of studies inves
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22.9 Treatments 22.9.1 Surgery Seve
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Table 22.10 Results of studies inve
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Page 308 and 309: Study Country Study questions Concl
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Page 331 and 332: References 1. Australian Cancer Net
Page 333 and 334: Chapter 2 — Primary prevention an
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Page 347 and 348: However, in some cases it was also
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Page 363 and 364: Chemotherapy The use of drugs (whic
Page 365 and 366: Malignant Cancerous Malignant cells
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