Methoden voor de berekening van de emissies door mobiele ... - CBS

Figure 1.8 Calculation of emissions from road traffic, emissions of heavy metals (cadmium,
copper, chrome, nickel, zinc, arsenic, lead) due to consumption (combustion) of engine oil
CONSUMPTION FACTORS
ENGINE OIL
liter/1000 km
per
- vehicle category
per
1000 liter ==>1000 kg
EMISSIONS DUE TO OIL CONSUMPTION
heavy metals
per
OIL CONSUMPTION
- vehicle category
- fuel type
- road type
- vehicle category
- fuel type
- road type
1.4.2 IPCC emissions
The emissions of the greenhouse gases CO2, CH4 and N2O due to traffic are calculated in the
Netherlands in two ways: bottom-up and top-down. The bottom-up method is used for calculating the
actual emissions; the top-down method is used for the IPCC emissions. In Chapter 9, the differences
between the bottom-up and top-down methods will be explained in greater detail.
Top-down
As part of the international policy efforts regarding climate change, which are coordinated by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is mandatory to conduct an annual greenhouse
gas emission inventory. To prevent overlap between the data from various countries, the IPCC
recommends calculating greenhouse gas emissions based on fuel sales [ref 8: Thoughton et al., 1997].
Sales data for fuels in the Netherlands, as in most other countries, are only known at the aggregate
level; for example, the sales to all road traffic are known. The aggregated sales data can be converted
into emission data per vehicle category; in this way, in a manner of speaking, calculations are
conducted in a top-down fashion. In the present report, the top-down method is referred to as the
IPCC method. The aggregated sales data (in Joules) are converted into emission data per type of fuel
using CO2, CH4 and N2O emission factors (kg/joule) per fuel. These emission factors are listed in
Section 1.6.2. The methodology is in accordance with the IPCC requirements [ref 68: IPCC, 1997].
Section 1.5.2 provides information about the sales of motor fuels.
Emissions (kg) =
1000 kg
VEHICLE KILOMETRES
per - vehicle category
- fuel type
- road type
PROFILES
heavy metals
type of fuelfuel sales (kg) * combustion value (MJ/kg) * Emission factor (kg/MJ)
According to the IPCC-regulations the CO2 emission from the combustion of biofuels is not included in
the figures. Tabel 1.31 shows the sales of total motor fuels (including biofuels) as well as biofuels, as
reported by the CBS energy statistics (see the hyperlink under the table).
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