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Tavi 1 racionaluri ricxvebi<br />
1.1 simravle<br />
mizani:<br />
6 Tavi 1 • racionaluri ricxvebi<br />
gavecnoT simravlisa da qvesimravlis cnebebs.<br />
xSir SemTxvevaSi Cveni msjelobis sagani aris ara calkeuli obieqti,<br />
aramed maTi garkveuli jgufi, krebuli, erToblioba. magaliTad,<br />
SesaZloa vmsjelobdeT:<br />
� ara calkeul ferwerul tiloebze, aramed maT koleqciaze;<br />
� ara calkeul fexburTelebze, aramed safexburTo gundze;<br />
� ara sibrtyis calkeul wertilebze, aramed maT iseT<br />
erTobliobaze, rogoricaa monakveTi.<br />
sxvadasxva saxis erTobliobis, jgufisa Tu krebulis aRsaniSnavad<br />
maTematikaSi gamoiyeneba erTiani termini - simravle. swori warmodgena<br />
simravleze, rogorc maTematikur cnebaze, SeiZleba konkretuli<br />
magaliTebisa da simravleTa zogadi Tvisebebis gacnobiT CamoviyaliboT.<br />
magaliTad, ganxilvis sagani SeiZleba iyos:<br />
� erovnuli biblioTekis wignTsacavSi daculi wignebis simravle;<br />
� saklaso oTaxis merxebis simravle;<br />
� naturaluri ricxvebis simravle;<br />
� mocemuli samkuTxedis wertilTa simravle;<br />
� oTxkuTxedebis simravle da a.S.<br />
yoveli simravle elementebisgan Sedgeba. naturaluri ricxvebis<br />
simravlis elementebia ricxvebi 1, 2, 3 da a.S. ricxvi 9 aris naturaluri<br />
ricxvebis simravlis elementi, xolo ricxvi 2,5 ar aris naturaluri<br />
ricxvebis simravlis elementi.<br />
simravlis elementebis miTiTeba moxerxebulia maTi sruli<br />
CamonaTvalis moyvaniT. simravle, romelic Sedgeba a, b, c da d<br />
elementisagan, ase CavweroT: {a, b, c, d}. kerZod, erTniSna naturaluri<br />
ricxvebis simravle ase Caiwereba: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.<br />
elementebis CamonaTvalis saxiT SesaZlebelia mocemul iqnas mxolod<br />
is simravleebi, romelTa elementebis raodenoba sasrulia, anu sasruli<br />
simravleebi.<br />
usasrulo simravlis mosacemad uTiTeben iseT Tvisebebs, romelic<br />
gaaCnia am simravlis yovel elements da ar gaaCnia arcerT sxvas.<br />
magaliTad, 5-is jeradi kenti naturaluri ricxvebis simravle aris<br />
usasrulo simravle, romlis elementebia ricxvebi 5, 15, 25, 35, 45 ... .<br />
simravle gansazRvrulia, Tu garkveviTaa cnobili, romeli elementi<br />
ekuTvnis am simravles da romeli - ara.<br />
simravleebs, rogorc wesi, didi laTinuri asoebiT aRvniSnavT: A, B, C, ... ,<br />
simravleTa elementebs ki patara laTinuri asoebiT: a, b, c, ... . is faqti,<br />
rom x aris A simravlis elementi, Semdegnairad Caiwereba: x∈A. ikiTxeba:
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