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Catalogo - Cineteca di Bologna

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DOSSIER GABRIEL OVER THE WHITE HOUSE<br />

GABRIEL OVER THE<br />

WHITE HOUSE<br />

USA, 1933 Regia: Gregory La Cava<br />

█. Sog.:. dalla. novella. Rinehard. <strong>di</strong>. T.F.. Tweed..<br />

Scen.:. Carey. Wilson,. Bertram. Bloch.. F.:. Bert.<br />

Glennon..Mo.:.Basil.Wrangell..Mu.:.William.Axt..<br />

Su.:.Douglas.Shearer,.Charles.E..Wallace..Int.:.<br />

Walter. Huston. (Judson. Hammond),. Karen.<br />

Morley. (Pendola. Molloy),. Franchot. Tone.<br />

(Hartley. Beekman),. Arthur. Byron. (Jasper.<br />

Brooks),. Dickie. Moore. (Jimmy. Vetter),.<br />

C.. Henry. Gordon. (Nick. Diamond),. David.<br />

Landau. (John. Bronson),. Samuel. S.. Hinds.<br />

(Dr.. H.L.. Eastman),. William. Paxley. (Borell),.<br />

Jean. Parker. (Alice. Bronson),. Claire. Du. Brey.<br />

(infermiera. <strong>di</strong>. Jimmy).. Prod.:. Cosmopolitan.<br />

Productions,.Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer..Pri..pro.:.<br />

31. marzo. 1933. █. DCP.. D.:. 86’.. Bn.. Versione.<br />

inglese./.English.version. █.Da:.Cinémathèque.<br />

Royale.de.Belgique<br />

Viene eletto un Presidente degli Stati Uniti<br />

particolarmente stupido, così stupido<br />

da non sapere nemmeno dove si trovi il<br />

Siam (vi ricorda qualcuno?). Ma l’America<br />

è alle prese con la Grande Depressione e<br />

Dio manda l’arcangelo Gabriele a ispirare<br />

al Presidente le scelte politiche ‘giuste’,<br />

come quella <strong>di</strong> trasformare il paese in una<br />

specie <strong>di</strong> <strong>di</strong>ttatura e umiliare violentemente<br />

gli alleati europei e asiatici, ovviamente<br />

presentati come deboli, inutili e ri<strong>di</strong>coli.<br />

Ma un istante prima della firma del trattato<br />

che trasformerebbe <strong>di</strong> fatto gli Stati Uniti<br />

in una nazione imperialista e dominatrice<br />

(ma guarda un po’), l’arcangelo se ne va<br />

e il Presidente capisce <strong>di</strong> avere esagerato.<br />

Solo che tra lui e la restaurazione della democrazia<br />

e del multilateralismo c’è la sua<br />

segretaria (che è anche la sua amante: vi<br />

suona familiare?)…<br />

Potrebbe essere questa la trama <strong>di</strong> Gabriel<br />

Over the White House. Potrebbe. Ma <strong>di</strong><br />

quale dei due? Ci sono due Gabriel molto<br />

<strong>di</strong>versi, uno per il mercato americano e uno<br />

per quello europeo, e le tante <strong>di</strong>fferenze<br />

sono in<strong>di</strong>cative del clima politico dell’epoca<br />

(o <strong>di</strong> quello che ne pensava W.R. Hearst)<br />

e delle limitazioni imposte dal Co<strong>di</strong>ce Hays.<br />

La proiezione dell’intero film in un’unica<br />

versione sarà accompagnata da un montaggio<br />

che metterà in luce alcune delle princi-<br />

pali <strong>di</strong>fferenze introdotte nella trama, <strong>di</strong>fferenze<br />

che non erano chiare prima <strong>di</strong> effettuare<br />

un attento raffronto tra le due versioni<br />

‘originali’ conservate dalla Cinémathèque<br />

Royale de Belgique.<br />

“Il film, che nelle intenzioni <strong>di</strong> William<br />

Randolph Hearst doveva essere un omaggio<br />

al neoeletto Franklin Delano Roosevelt,<br />

reclamava l’instaurazione <strong>di</strong> una benevola<br />

<strong>di</strong>ttatura per risolvere la crisi economica<br />

che stava affliggendo l’America. Quando<br />

Hays vide il film rimase interdetto. [...]<br />

L’indomani or<strong>di</strong>nò che fosse rimandato alla<br />

produzione e riorientato politicamente. Il<br />

rifacimento costò ben trentamila dollari,<br />

ma Gabriel Over the White House arrivò al<br />

pubblico americano conservando per lo più<br />

intatto il messaggio originale” (Gregory D.<br />

Black, in Film History, vol. 3, 1989).<br />

Nicola Mazzanti<br />

A particularly dumb US President is elected<br />

– so dumb that he does not know where<br />

Siam is (any name coming to your mind?).<br />

But America is facing the Great Depression<br />

and God sends the Archangel Gabriel to<br />

inspire in the President the ‘right’ policies<br />

to face the crisis, and these include turning<br />

the US into a sort of <strong>di</strong>ctatorship and<br />

vehemently humiliating its European and<br />

Asian allies, obviously weak, useless and<br />

ri<strong>di</strong>culous. But one second before signing<br />

the Treaty that would effectively turn<br />

the US into an imperialistic and unilateral<br />

dominant nation (how that could be?), the<br />

Arcangel leaves the President who suddenly<br />

realizes he went perhaps too far. Except<br />

that between him and the restoration of<br />

democracy and multilateralism stands his<br />

secretary (who is also his lover – any bell<br />

ringing?).<br />

This could be the plot of Gabriel Over the<br />

White House. Or is it? Yes, but of which<br />

one? As there are two very <strong>di</strong>fferent Gabriels,<br />

one for the domestic and one for the<br />

European market, and the many <strong>di</strong>fferences<br />

between the two are revealing of both the<br />

political debate of the time (or at least of<br />

W.R. Hearst’s take on it) and of the limitations<br />

imposed by the Hays Code.<br />

The screening of the complete film in one<br />

version will be accompanied by a montage<br />

highlighting some of the key <strong>di</strong>fferences introduced<br />

all along the storyline, whose details<br />

were unclear until a closer comparison<br />

of the two ‘original’ versions held by the Cinémathèque<br />

Royale de Belgique took place.<br />

“The film, intended by William Randolph<br />

Hearst as a tribute to newly elected Franklin<br />

Delano Roosevelt, called for the establishment<br />

of a benevolent <strong>di</strong>ctatorship to solve<br />

the economic crisis facing America. When<br />

Hays saw the film be was dumbfounded.<br />

[...] The next day Hays ordered (the film)<br />

back to the stu<strong>di</strong>o for political reorientation.<br />

Despite the fact that more than 30,000 dollars<br />

was spent on retakes, Gabriel Over the<br />

White House played to American au<strong>di</strong>ences<br />

with most of its original message intact”<br />

(Gregory D. Black, in Film History, vol. 3,<br />

1989).<br />

Nicola Mazzanti<br />

51

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