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Brochure: koffie & Fairtrade. - Max Havelaar

Brochure: koffie & Fairtrade. - Max Havelaar

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Wat zijn de<br />

uitdagingen voor<br />

de producenten?<br />

| 13<br />

de Sterk SCHoMMeLeNde<br />

<strong>koffie</strong>PriJZeN<br />

de globale <strong>koffie</strong>productie varieert van<br />

jaar tot jaar<br />

Regen, droogte of ziektes zijn factoren die de <strong>koffie</strong>markt<br />

tot een instabiele markt maken die onderhevig is aan<br />

sterke prijsschommelingen.<br />

Dit heeft belangrijke gevolgen voor de producenten. Voorspellen<br />

hoe hun inkomen er het volgende seizoen uitziet,<br />

en welk budget ze hebben voor hun gezin en hun <strong>koffie</strong>plantage<br />

is jaar na jaar... euh, <strong>koffie</strong>dik kijken.<br />

Enkele slechte seizoenen kunnen ervoor zorgen dat oude<br />

planten niet vernieuwd kunnen worden, dat gezondheidszorg<br />

te duur wordt en dat de kinderen niet naar school<br />

kunnen omdat ze moeten helpen op de plantage.<br />

De globale <strong>koffie</strong>productie varieert van jaar tot jaar.<br />

2.2. Coffee prices<br />

Price volatility<br />

Global coffee production varies from year to year according to weather conditions, disease and other factors,<br />

resulting in a coffee market that is inherently unstable and characterised by wide fluctuations in price.<br />

This price volatility has significant consequences for those who depend on coffee for their livelihood, making it<br />

difficult for growers to predict their income for the coming season and budget for their household and farming<br />

needs. When prices are low farmers have neither the incentive nor resources to invest in good maintenance of the<br />

farms by applying fertilisers and pesticides or replacing old trees. When prices fall below the costs of production,<br />

farmers struggle to put adequate food on the table and pay medical bills and school fees – a major reason for<br />

children being taken out of school to contribute to the family income by working on the farm or in the informal<br />

sector. In recent years the price of arabica has swung from a 30-year low of 45 cents a pound in 2001 to a 34-yea<br />

high of almost 309 cents in 2011 (Figure 5). Similarly, robusta crashed to 17 cents a pound in 2001 before climbin<br />

to 120 cents in 2011 (Figure 6).<br />

Prijsschommelingen in de<br />

arabica<strong>koffie</strong>markt tussen<br />

1989 en 2011<br />

Figure 5: The arabica coffee market 1989-2011<br />

US cents/lb<br />

340<br />

320<br />

300<br />

280<br />

260<br />

240<br />

220<br />

200<br />

180<br />

160<br />

140<br />

120<br />

100<br />

80<br />

60<br />

40<br />

20<br />

0<br />

245<br />

274<br />

1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011<br />

45<br />

309

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