Avaliação da Presença, Toxicidade e da Possível Biomagnificação ...

ABSTRACT
Aquatic environments, among them the estuaries, constitute themselves final receivers
of anthropogenic pollution. The aim of this study was to identify the presence in water and
mainly in the sediment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) along the estuarine
complex of Paranaguá Bay (CEP). Moreover, through the identification of these polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons, we sought to evaluate the biomqgnificação these compounds using a
mathematical model and analyze the toxicological potential of the sediment in the region by
applying the embryotoxicity test with zebrafish (Danio rerio). Analyses were performed in
granulometric composition and geochemistry of the sediment and the concentration of PAHs
in water and sediment, considering the 16 priority PAHs according to USEPA (U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency). Through the results of the analysis of water and sediment,
were performed with the bioassay of the zebrafish embryo and mathematical modeling to
assessment of biomagnification. According to the results, the sediment of the CEP had an
introduction of organic material of anthropogenic origin, mainly related to port activities in
the region. Furthermore, we identified the presence of PAHs along the CEP, but with greatly
reduced concentrations compared to regions polluted by these compounds in estuaries along
the Brazilian. According to the analysis of sources, the PAHs in the study area present as
main source sources pyrolytic combustion of gasoline, diesel and biomass. According to
CONAMA 344/2004, the concentrations found for total PAHs and individual does not violate
the established levels, with the exception of DahA and Fl. Regarding the mathematical model,
was shown an accumulation of PAHs along the food chain modeled. The final concentrations
of these hydrocarbons in yellow hake (fish component of the food chain) showed up about
2.000 times the concentration present in the sediment to the most critical situation modeled.
The biotest showed no toxicity to the embryos of Danio rerio. In this context, although it has
suffered a process of biomagnification through the mathematical model and two compounds
having breached the level of a CONAMA 344/2004, the concentrations of PAHs found along
the CEP were quite low and was negative for the biotest zebrafish embryos. Therefore, we
concluded that the estuarine complex of Paranaguá Bay is not considered as an estuary
contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Keywords: CEP, PAHs, Danio rerio, mathematical modeling
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