Ana Paula Dias Ribeiro - Faculdade de Odontologia - Unesp

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compared with the negative control (C-L-). Without illumination, the curcuminconcentrations were insufficient to cause toxic effects against the bacteria and thefibroblast cultures. As mentioned before, micromolar concentrations caused celldamage only when used in combination with visible light because of ROS formation.In a similar way, no significant alteration in colony numbers of MSSA and MRSA orin the metabolism of fibroblast cells was detected after the use of LED light withoutprevious photosentization with curcumin. The results of the present investigations arein agreement with those of Ribeiro et al. [13] who did not find significant reduction onthe metabolism of L929 fibroblasts and MDPC-23 cells using the same light source(blue LED) at similar light fluence (37.5 J/cm 2 ).The results of the present study showed the efficiency of curcumin combinedwith blue LED light in causing photoinactivation of MSSA and MRSA. This therapyalso caused a significant reduction of L929 cell metabolism, but was more effective ininactivating the bacterial samples than the fibroblast cell. The planktonic cultures usedin this study represent the first step for evaluation of a light-sensitive compound inPDT. In the same way, cell cultures are more susceptible to the photocytotoxic effectsof this therapy because they do not present the defense systems existing in a livingorganism. Therefore, further in vitro studies using biofilms and three-dimensionalcultures as well as in vivo investigations are necessary to confirm the potential ofcurcumin as a PS as well as its clinical application on PDT.ConclusionThis article demonstrated the efficiency of curcumin in combination with LEDin promote photodynamic inactivation of MRSA. Although a significant reductionaround 80% on fibroblast metabolism were also observed, this therapy causedphotodynamic inactivation of 100% of MRSA showing that PDT was more efficientagainst bacteria. Therefore, the results obtained encourage the continued evaluation ofPDT protocols using natural compounds to eradicate pathogenic bacteria such asMRSA in institutions and hospitals in which these bacteria are responsible forsignificantly higher morbidity and mortality and increased healthcare costs.AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge the Center of Study in Optics andPhotonics (CEPOF) ant the Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC) of the University of
São Paulo (USP) for developing the LED prototype used in this study. This work wassupported by FAPESP - São Paulo Research Foundation (Grants 2008/03994-9 and2010/05425-1).References1. Sumi Y, Miura H, Michiwaki Y, Nagaosa S, Nagaya M (2007) Colonizationof dental plaque by respiratory pathogens in dependent elderly. Arch GerontolGeriatr 44:119-124.2. Smith AJ, Jackson MS, Bagg J (2001) The ecology of Staphylococcus speciesin the oral cavity. J Med Microbiol 50:940-946.3. Terpenning M (2005) Geriatric oral health and pneumonia risk. Clin Infect Dis40:1807-1810.4. Rossi T, Peltonen R, Laine J, Eerola E, Vuopio-Varkila J, Kotilainen P (1996)Eradication of the long-term carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureus in patients wearing dentures: a follow-up of 10 patients. J Hosp Infect34:311-320.5. Buehlmann M, Frei R, Fenner L, Dangel M, Fluckiger U, Widmer AF (2008)Highly effective regimen for decolonization of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus carriers. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 29:510-516.6. Maeda Y, Kenny F, Coulter WA, Loughrey A, Nagano Y, Goldsmith CE, et al(2007) Bactericidal activity of denture-cleaning formulations againstplanktonic health care-associated and community-associated methicillinresistantStaphylococcus aureus. Am J Infect Control 35:619-622.7. Simor AE, Phillips E, McGeer A, Konvalinka A, Loeb M, Devlin HR et al(2007) Randomized controlled trial of chlorhexidine gluconate for washing,intranasal mupirocin, and rifampin and doxycycline versus no treatment forthe eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization.Clin Infect Dis 44:178-185.8. Loveday HP, Pellowe CM, Jones SR, Pratt RJ (2006) A systematic review ofthe evidence for interventions for the prevention and control of meticillin-
Page 1: UNESP - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULI
Page 4 and 5: Dados CurricularesAna Paula Dias Ri
Page 6 and 7: Dedico este trabalho...Aos meus pai
Page 8 and 9: Dedico este trabalho... Ao meu amor
Page 10 and 11: Giampolo. Obrigada por me incentiva
Page 12 and 13: À Lívia, Juliana, Fernanda Alves,
Page 14 and 15: “Não basta ter belos sonhos para
Page 16 and 17: Resumo
Page 18 and 19: indicando que a membrana citoplasm
Page 20 and 21: Abstract
Page 22 and 23: using the different delivery system
Page 24 and 25: 1 IntroduçãoA Terapia Fotodinâmi
Page 26 and 27: hospitalares 48 . Sabe-se que a col
Page 28 and 29: (Linn), conhecida como açafrão da
Page 30 and 31: 2 Proposição
Page 32 and 33: 3 Capítulos
Page 34 and 35: Phototoxic effect of Curcumin on me
Page 36 and 37: than non-resistant strains. At the
Page 38 and 39: inactivation (5, 10, 20 μM) and th
Page 40 and 41: concentrations (5 and 10 μM) signi
Page 42 and 43: PS for photodynamic inactivation of
Page 46 and 47: esistant Staphylococcus aureus (199
Page 48 and 49: 27. Kurien BT, Scofield RH (2009) H
Page 50 and 51: Figure 3: Graphic representation of
Page 52 and 53: 3.2 Capítulo 2Photodynamic inactiv
Page 54 and 55: IntroductionCandida albicans is a c
Page 56 and 57: medium and increases the possibilit
Page 58 and 59: The microorganism used in this stud
Page 60 and 61: Estimation of membrane damage by fl
Page 62 and 63: Statistical analysisFor the purpose
Page 64 and 65: with damaged cytoplasmic membrane.
Page 66 and 67: 7A). As observed for the free ClAlP
Page 68 and 69: demonstrated in previous studies (2
Page 70 and 71: In order to evaluate the possible e
Page 72 and 73: fluorescence on hyphal forms than y
Page 74 and 75: 7- Chatterjee, D. K., L. S. Fong an
Page 76 and 77: 20- Dovigo, L.N., A. C. Pavarina, A
Page 78 and 79: 33- Chandra, J., D. M. Kuhn, P. K.
Page 80 and 81: FIGURES: Figure 1: Line graphic re
Page 82 and 83: A B CFigure 5. A: Overview of a 33.
Page 84 and 85: 3.3 Capítulo 3Antimicrobial photod
Page 86 and 87: the highly reactive singlet oxygen
Page 88 and 89: give a 600 mM stock solution. Befor
Page 90 and 91: washed out. Aliquots of 150 μL of
Page 92 and 93: control (p˂0.05); the other contro
Page 94 and 95:
ClAlPc or diluted in DMSO. On the o
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In addition to the photodynamic eff
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Authors Contribution:All authors ha
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Lambert PA (2002) Cellular impermea
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FiguresFigure 1. Line graphic repre
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Figure 5. Box-plot graphic represen
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4 DiscussãoA Terapia Fotodinâmica
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antibioticoterapia 80 . Entretanto,
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Sabe-se que o DMSO não representa
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como a membrana nuclear 19 . Dessa
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esultando em comportamento semelhan
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A investigação do efeito antimicr
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5 Conclusão
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as maiores doses de luz avaliadas.
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6 Referências ∗1. Allison RR, Mo
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22. Dovigo LN, Pavarina AC, Mima EG
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41. Kussovski V, Mantareva V, Angel
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59. Primo FL, Bentley MV, Tedesco A
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80. Tsai T, Yang YT, Wang TH, Chien
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7 ApêndiceNesta seção estão apr
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Tabela A1- Valores originais de ufc
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Tabela A7- Medidas de resumo, em lo
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B- Avaliação de diferentes concen
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Tabela A15- Sumário da Análise de
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Tabela A19- Sumário da Análise de
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Tabela A21- Valores originais de lo
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Tabela A24- Valores originais de ab
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Tabela A27- Valores originais obtid
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Tabela A28- Resultado das comparaç
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Testes foram realizados para verifi
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Tabela A33- Valores originais de lo
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Tabela A36- Resultado do teste de c
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Tabela A39- Valores originais de ab
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Tabela A43- Resultado do teste de c
Page 162 and 163:
Tabela A46- Medidas de resumo de ab
Page 164:
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Ana Paula Dias Ribeiro - Faculdade de Odontologia - Unesp

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