cartoful in RO vol12nr2.pdf - Institutul National de Cercetare ...
cartoful in RO vol12nr2.pdf - Institutul National de Cercetare ...
cartoful in RO vol12nr2.pdf - Institutul National de Cercetare ...
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111'1 Olanda, spre <strong>de</strong>osebire <strong>de</strong> restul tarilor comunitare, toate<br />
cooperativeIe sunt specializate. Fiecare fermier este membru la cel put<strong>in</strong><br />
3-4 cooperative: <strong>de</strong> credit, <strong>de</strong> aprovizionare, <strong>de</strong> prelucrare a sfeclei <strong>de</strong><br />
zahar, <strong>de</strong> producere a <strong>cartoful</strong>ui, <strong>de</strong> legume 9i fructe (44 cooperative), <strong>de</strong><br />
<strong>de</strong>sfacere a florilor (14 cooperative), zootehnice, etc.<br />
ill Franta exista forme foarte variate <strong>de</strong> organizare a producatorilor<br />
agricoli; grupe <strong>de</strong> exploatare <strong>in</strong> comun, grupe <strong>de</strong> producatori, cooperative<br />
ale agricultorilor, societi3ti-cooperative organizate pe ramuri, avand ca scop<br />
promovarea 9i apararea <strong>in</strong>tereselor, organizatii profesionale 9i<br />
<strong>in</strong>terprofesionale.<br />
<strong>in</strong> Germania cooperative Ie dateaza d<strong>in</strong> anul 1846 sub forma<br />
diferitelor "asociatii <strong>de</strong> productie" 9i functioneaza astazi sub forma <strong>de</strong>:<br />
Cooperative die aprovizionare !i <strong>de</strong>sfacere pentl'll.l agricl.Iltura.<br />
Pr<strong>in</strong> aceste cooperative se comercializeaza: 60% d<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>gra9am<strong>in</strong>tele<br />
chimice, 70% d<strong>in</strong> pestici<strong>de</strong>, 66% d<strong>in</strong> nutreturile comb<strong>in</strong>ate, 35% d<strong>in</strong> ma9<strong>in</strong>i 9i<br />
utilaje etc.;<br />
Cooperative cle productie pr<strong>in</strong> care se comercializeaza: 40% d<strong>in</strong><br />
productia <strong>de</strong> furaje, 75% d<strong>in</strong> productia <strong>de</strong> lapte, 85% d<strong>in</strong> productia <strong>de</strong> unt,<br />
71 % d<strong>in</strong> productia <strong>de</strong> branzeturi;<br />
Cooperative <strong>de</strong> export·import pr<strong>in</strong> care se <strong>de</strong>ruleaza 85% d<strong>in</strong><br />
exportul <strong>in</strong> tarile comunitare, 72% d<strong>in</strong> importul d<strong>in</strong> tarile comunitare etc.<br />
La noi <strong>in</strong> tara mai exista, functionand 9i astazi, unele forme vechi ale<br />
economiei colective ca: ima9ul 9i1sau padurea satului, cre9terea <strong>in</strong> comun a<br />
vitelor etc., dar 9i numeroase asociatii 9i societati agricole care<br />
functioneaza <strong>in</strong> baza legislatiei <strong>in</strong> vigoare.<br />
In domeniul productiei die cartof esie imperios necesar, dial' !i<br />
posibil, organizarea <strong>de</strong> forme asociative care sa condl.lca, nn f<strong>in</strong>al, ca<br />
pilisprodusul creat <strong>in</strong> sfera productiei sa ajunga, iil cea mai mare<br />
parte, la producator, cel care concl.lra <strong>in</strong> cel mai <strong>in</strong>alt grad la realizarea<br />
acestuia.<br />
Constituirea acestor forme asociative trebuie sa functioneze pe baza<br />
pr<strong>in</strong>cipiului autonomiei <strong>de</strong>pl<strong>in</strong>e a producatorilor, dar 9i a cooperarii 9i<br />
solidaritatii acestora (fig.1), pentru a asigura 0 cre9tere economica reala 9i<br />
rapida.<br />
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