cartoful in RO vol12nr2.pdf - Institutul National de Cercetare ...
cartoful in RO vol12nr2.pdf - Institutul National de Cercetare ...
cartoful in RO vol12nr2.pdf - Institutul National de Cercetare ...
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d<strong>in</strong> mediu rural ~i urban d<strong>in</strong> Romania, un obiectiv esential pentru <strong>in</strong>tegrarea<br />
Romaniei In Uniunea Europeana. Constituirea cat mai rapida a acestor forme<br />
asociative poate sprij<strong>in</strong>i Guvernul Romaniei la negocierea cu U.E. la capitolul<br />
agricultura.<br />
PARTlCULARITAn ALE PIETEl CARTOFULUI iN <strong>RO</strong>MANIA.<br />
Ing. ec. ION NAN,<br />
F.C.C-<strong>RO</strong>MANIA<br />
Cartoful, importanta cultura alimentara, consi<strong>de</strong>rata ca "a doua pa<strong>in</strong>e"<br />
a populatiei tarii noastre, este <strong>de</strong>parte <strong>de</strong> a raspun<strong>de</strong> favorabil acestui<br />
<strong>de</strong>zi<strong>de</strong>rat. Aceasta "a doua pa<strong>in</strong>e" se cumpara <strong>de</strong> catre consumatori la un<br />
pret <strong>de</strong>stul <strong>de</strong> ridicat, t<strong>in</strong>and seama ~i <strong>de</strong> veniturile mici ale majoritatii<br />
populatiei, pe fondul Insa a <strong>de</strong>gradarii cont<strong>in</strong>ue a situatiei producatorilor <strong>de</strong><br />
cartof.<br />
Analizand pr<strong>in</strong>cipalele particularitati ale pietei <strong>cartoful</strong>ui In Romania, se<br />
constata urmatoarele:<br />
• COUlsumui total <strong>de</strong> cartof alimentar a scazut, datorita:<br />
- diversificarii accentuate a consumului; aparitia pe piata <strong>de</strong> produse<br />
noi, atat d<strong>in</strong> tara, cat ~i d<strong>in</strong> import;<br />
- sca<strong>de</strong>rii accentuate a puterii <strong>de</strong> cumparare a consumatorilor<br />
majoritari. Daca pana In anii 1989-1990, aprovizionarea pentru iama cu<br />
cartof a populatiei d<strong>in</strong> mediul urban se facea cu sacii, In prezent se<br />
cumpara doar ·kilograme. Cererea ~i respectiv consumul <strong>de</strong> cartof a<br />
scazut <strong>de</strong> la cca 70-76 kg/locuitor <strong>in</strong> perioada 1980-1990, la cca 60 kg/locuitor<br />
In ultima perioada.<br />
- dom<strong>in</strong>antei consumului <strong>de</strong> cartof In stare proaspata, ca 0 traditie a<br />
populatiei tarii noastre, dar ~i urmare a slabei <strong>de</strong>zvoltari a prelucrarii<br />
<strong>in</strong>dustriale a <strong>cartoful</strong>ui.<br />
• Decalaj relativ mare, fata <strong>de</strong> tarile coml.ll'litare c1ezvoltate, un ce<br />
prive!te randamenteie la mllitatea <strong>de</strong> suprafata, cat ~i <strong>in</strong> ce prive~te<br />
calitatea produsului obt<strong>in</strong>ut;<br />
• Ineficienta unoII' agenti economici procluctivi; <strong>de</strong>~i pretul fortei <strong>de</strong><br />
munca <strong>in</strong> Romania este scazut, aceasta componenta importanta a costurilor<br />
<strong>de</strong> productie nu poate compensa <strong>in</strong>competentele manageriale;<br />
• Cre~terea preturilor la <strong>in</strong>puturile <strong>de</strong> provenienta <strong>in</strong>cll.lstriala<br />
(tab. 1) ~i, In general, a costurilor <strong>de</strong> productie;<br />
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